Six Months Versus 12 Months of Oral Itraconazole Therapy for Management of Treatment naïve Subjects With CPA

Sponsor
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (Other)
Overall Status
Completed
CT.gov ID
NCT03920527
Collaborator
(none)
164
1
2
25.5
6.4

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The treatment options majorly consist of medical management with at least 6-month long treatment with antifungal drugs - most significantly the azole groups. Itraconazole is the preferred azole for the treatment of CPA. The duration of treatment with oral itraconazole remains uncertain. In a previous study the use of oral itraconazole for 6-months a favorable overall response was seen in 76% of the subjects. Moreover, about 30%-50% of the subjects have disease relapse that requires prolonged therapy. It is likely that a longer duration of itraconazole would have a higher response rate and thus, lower risk of relapse after discontinuation of therapy. In this randomized controlled trial, we compare the clinical outcomes of six months versus twelve months of itraconazole therapy in treatment naïve subjects with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis

Condition or Disease Intervention/Treatment Phase
  • Drug: Itraconazole 400 mg
Phase 3

Detailed Description

Aspergillus is a saprophytic fungus which is present normally in our surroundings and causes a large number of pulmonary diseases spreading through inhalational route. The spectrum of disease caused by aspergillus spp. is wide with the manifestations of the disease being governed primarily by the status of the underlying host immunity, which then determines the nature of the host-aspergillus interaction. Patients with an intact immunity have a more stable and indolent form of disease like aspergilloma whereas with a worsening immune status, the risk of invasive disease increases. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) are two of the commonest pulmonary manifestations seen in non-immunocompromised patients whereas invasive pulmonary aspergillosis being more common in the immunocompromised patients.

Estimates suggest that CPA affects around 3 million people across the globe, which may still be an under estimated number as the disease co exists with other pulmonary co-morbidities which make accurate diagnosis a pitfall. In India the annual incidence of CPA was estimated in 2011 and varied between 27,000-0.17 million cases, with different estimates. Based on the mortality rate for CPA which was estimated to be 15% annually, the 5-year prevalence of CPA was placed at 290,147 cases with 5-year prevalence rate being 24 per 100,000 in the same year. The disease confers significant morbidity and mortality, making it a significant burden for the society as well as the healthcare. Apart from the respiratory symptoms, CPA causes significant constitutional symptoms as well which adds to the misery of the patient. The diagnosis of CPA is based on presence of chronic symptoms, consistent radiology and demonstration of Aspergillus by direct (culture) or indirect (serological) methods. Even though CPA is more of a disease spectrum but overall it is characterized by slowly progressive lung cavitation which may or may not show presence of mycetoma /fungal ball in patients with pre-existing structural lung diseases, even though other patterns have also been identified.

The treatment options majorly consist of medical management with at least 6-month long treatment with antifungal drugs - most significantly the azole groups. Itraconazole is the preferred azole for the treatment of CPA. The duration of treatment with oral itraconazole remains uncertain. In a previous study the use of oral itraconazole for 6-months a favorable overall response was seen in 76% of the subjects. Moreover, about 30%-50% of the subjects have disease relapse that requires prolonged therapy. It is likely that a longer duration of itraconazole would have a higher response rate and thus, lower risk of relapse after discontinuation of therapy. In this randomized controlled trial, we compare the clinical outcomes of six months versus twelve months of itraconazole therapy in treatment naïve subjects with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis.

Study Design

Study Type:
Interventional
Actual Enrollment :
164 participants
Allocation:
Randomized
Intervention Model:
Single Group Assignment
Masking:
None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose:
Treatment
Official Title:
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare the Clinical Outcomes of Six Months Versus 12 Months of Oral Itraconazole Therapy for Management of Treatment naïve Subjects With Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Actual Study Start Date :
Jul 1, 2019
Actual Primary Completion Date :
Jul 1, 2021
Actual Study Completion Date :
Aug 15, 2021

Arms and Interventions

Arm Intervention/Treatment
Active Comparator: Six months

Six months of itraconazole

Drug: Itraconazole 400 mg
Duration of itraconazole
Other Names:
  • sporanox
  • Experimental: 12 months

    12-months of itraconazole

    Drug: Itraconazole 400 mg
    Duration of itraconazole
    Other Names:
  • sporanox
  • Outcome Measures

    Primary Outcome Measures

    1. Relapse rate [2 year after randomization]

      number of relapses at 2 year after randomization

    Secondary Outcome Measures

    1. Response [at 6 to 12 months]

      Proportion of subjects with an overall favourable response at the end of oral itraconazole therapy

    2. Adverse events [1 year]

      adverse events due to itraconazole

    Eligibility Criteria

    Criteria

    Ages Eligible for Study:
    18 Years to 80 Years
    Sexes Eligible for Study:
    All
    Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
    No
    Inclusion Criteria: includes presence of all the following:
    • one or more clinical symptoms (persistent cough, recurrent hemoptysis, weight loss, malaise, fever and dyspnea) for ≥3 months

    • slowly progressive or persistent radiological findings (one or more cavities and surrounding fibrosis, infiltrates, consolidation, with or without fungal ball or progressive pleural thickening) on computed tomography (CT) of the thorax

    • immunological (A.fumigatus-specific IgG >27 mgA/L or positive Aspergillus precipitins) or microbiological evidence of Aspergillus infection (growth of Aspergillus in respiratory secretions or serum galactomannan index >0.5 or BALF galactomannan index

    1. and,
    • exclusion of other pulmonary disorders with similar presentation.
    Exclusion Criteria:
    • failure to provide informed consent

    • patients on immunosuppressive drugs, intake of prednisolone (or equivalent) >10 mg for at least 3 weeks or a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus syndrome

    • intake antifungal azoles for >3 weeks in the preceding six months

    • subjects with active pulmonary infection due to mycobacterium tuberculosis or mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT)

    • subjects with others forms of pulmonary aspergillosis (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, chronic necrotizing aspergillosis and angio-invasive aspergillosis)

    • pregnancy

    Contacts and Locations

    Locations

    Site City State Country Postal Code
    1 Inderpaul Singh Chandigarh India 160012

    Sponsors and Collaborators

    • Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

    Investigators

    None specified.

    Study Documents (Full-Text)

    None provided.

    More Information

    Publications

    None provided.
    Responsible Party:
    Inderpaul singh, Assistant Professor, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
    ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
    NCT03920527
    Other Study ID Numbers:
    • NK/4947/Res/986
    First Posted:
    Apr 19, 2019
    Last Update Posted:
    Oct 12, 2021
    Last Verified:
    Oct 1, 2021
    Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
    No
    Plan to Share IPD:
    No
    Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product:
    No
    Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product:
    No
    Keywords provided by Inderpaul singh, Assistant Professor, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
    Additional relevant MeSH terms:

    Study Results

    No Results Posted as of Oct 12, 2021