Safety and Efficacy of Corneal Collagen Cross-linking Following LASIK for Treatment of Hyperopia and Hyperopic Astigmatism

• Sponsor: Glaukos Corporation (Industry)
• Overall Status: Terminated
• CT.gov ID: NCT01893359
• Collaborator: (none)
• Enrollment: 2
• Locations: 5
• Arms: 3
• Duration (Months): 32
• Patients Per Site: 0.4
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 0

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The objectives of this study are to evaluate the safety and efficacy, with regards to regression of refractive outcome, as measured by manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), of two treatment regimens for hyperopic and hyperopic astigmatic subjects: LASIK followed by cross-linking performed with the KXL System and Photrexa ZD™ (Riboflavin Ophthalmic Solution), as compared to LASIK alone.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Hyperopia; Hyperopic Astigmatism	Drug: riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran; Device: UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA); Device: UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off); Procedure: Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Phase 1/Phase 2

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional
• Actual Enrollment: 2 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: A Multi-Center, Randomized, Controlled Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of LASIK With Cross-linking Performed With the KXL System and Photrexa ZD™ (Riboflavin Ophthalmic Solution) Compared to LASIK Alone for Hyperopia and Hyperopic Astigmatism
• Study Start Date: Aug 1, 2013
• Actual Primary Completion Date: Feb 1, 2015
• Actual Study Completion Date: Apr 1, 2016

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: LASIK followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave) Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA.	Drug: riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran; Other Names: Photrexa ZD ; Device: UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA); Other Names: KXL System ; Procedure: Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis; Other Names: LASIK
Experimental: LASIK followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed) Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off.	Drug: riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran; Other Names: Photrexa ZD ; Device: UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off); Other Names: KXL System ; Procedure: Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis; Other Names: LASIK
Placebo Comparator: LASIK Only Eyes assigned to this arm will receive standard LASIK with no cross-linking.	Procedure: Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis; Other Names: LASIK

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. MRSE Regression [one week to six months]

   The co-primary efficacy endpoints are a comparison of MRSE regression in the refractive outcome between the LASIK only eyes and the LASIK with cross-linking eyes within each treatment type and duration (2 minutes continuous UVA or 3 minutes pulsed UVA cross-linking) expressed as the change between one week and six months, and one week and twelve months.

2. MRSE Regression [one week to twelve months]

   The co-primary efficacy endpoints are a comparison of MRSE regression in the refractive outcome between the LASIK only eyes and the LASIK with cross-linking eyes within each treatment type and duration (2 minutes continuous UVA or 3 minutes pulsed UVA cross-linking) expressed as the change between one week and six months, and one week and twelve months.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and Older
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1. Be at least 18 years of age, male or female, of any race;
• 1. Provide written informed consent and sign a HIPAA form;
• 1. Willingness and ability to follow all instructions and comply with the schedule for study visits;
• 1. Undergoing bilateral LASIK for the correction of hyperopia or hyperopic astigmatism;
• 1. Intended treatment > +2.0 diopters (D) to < +6.0 D of MRSE hyperopia or hyperopia with astigmatism, with up to +6.0 D of spherical component and up to 5.0 D of astigmatic component (all refractions measured at the spectacle plane);
• 1. Bilateral physiologic hyperopia;
• 1. For females capable of becoming pregnant, agree to have urine pregnancy testing performed at visit 2 prior to treatment; must not be lactating, and must agree to use a medically acceptable form of birth control for at least one week prior to the visit 2 and continue to use the method for one month following the treatment. Acceptable forms for birth control are spermicide with barrier, oral contraceptive, injectable or implantable method of contraception, transdermal contraceptive, intrauterine device, or surgical sterilization of partner. For non-sexually active females, abstinence will be considered an acceptable form of birth control. Women considered capable of becoming pregnant include all females who have experienced menarche and have not experienced menopause (as defined by amenorrhea for greater than 12 consecutive months) or have not undergone successful surgical sterilization (e.g. hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy);
• 1. Best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) of 70 letters or more on ETDRS chart;
• 1. Difficulty maintaining uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of at least 70 letters on ETDRS chart as evidenced by need for constant contact lens or spectacle wear;
• 1. Less than 0.75 D spherical equivalent difference between cycloplegic and manifest refractions;
• 1. Stable refraction (a difference of 0.50 D or less in MRSE) for the last 12 months, objectively documented (by previous clinical records, prescriptions, etc.), exclusive of changes determined by the investigator to be due to unmasking latent hyperopia;
• 1. Normal corneal topography, as judged by the investigator;
• 1. Removal of contact lenses for the required period of time prior to the screening refraction:

1. Soft - 3 Days

2. Soft Toric - 2 Weeks

3. Rigid gas permeable - 2 Weeks

• 1. Contact Lens Wearers Only: Must demonstrate a stable refraction (a difference of 0.50 D or less) as determined by MRSE on two consecutive exam dates performed at least 7 days apart. A contact lens wearer is defined as someone who has worn contact lenses in either eye in the last 30 days.

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1. Contraindications, sensitivity or known allergy to the use of the test article(s) or their components;
• 1. If female, be pregnant, nursing or planning a pregnancy or have a positive urine pregnancy test at Visit 2 prior to treatment or during the course of the study;
• 1. Eyes which are aphakic;
• 1. Eyes which are pseudophakic and do not have a UV blocking lens implanted;
• 1. Acute or chronic disease or illness that would increase the operative risk or confound the outcomes of the study (e.g., dry eyes, immuno- compromised, connective tissue disease, clinically significant atopic disease, diabetes, etc.);
• 1. Systemic medications that may confound the outcome of the study or increase the risk to the subject, including but not limited to steroids, antimetabolites, etc.;
• 1. Ocular condition that may predispose the subject to future complications, for example:

1. History or evidence of active or inactive corneal disease (e.g., herpes simplex keratitis, herpes zoster keratitis, recurrent corneal erosion syndrome, corneal dystrophy, etc.);

2. Evidence of retinal vascular disease;

3. Keratoconus or keratoconus suspect;

4. Glaucoma or glaucoma suspect by exam findings and/or family history;

• 1. Previous intraocular or corneal surgery including prior refractive surgery that might confound the outcome of the study or increase the risk to the subject;
• 1. An increased risk for developing strabismus post-treatment;
• 1. Subjects with nystagmus or any other condition that would prevent a steady gaze during treatment or other diagnostic tests;
• 1. Taking supplements containing Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) within 1 week of the cross-linking treatment;
• 1. Corneal thickness <470 microns as measured by Pentacam;
• 1. The Investigator may exclude or discontinue any subject for any sound medical reason;
• 1. The subject should not have participated in any investigational drug or device study within 30 days of screening or be concurrently enrolled in another investigational drug or device study.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	Gordon -Weiss-Schanzlin Vision Institute	San Diego	California	United States	92122
2	Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston	Waltham	Massachusetts	United States	02451
3	Hersh Vision Group	Teaneck	New Jersey	United States	07666
4	Vance Thompson Vision	Sioux Falls	South Dakota	United States	57108
5	See Clearly Vision	McLean	Virginia	United States	22102

Sponsors and Collaborators

• Glaukos Corporation

Investigators

None specified.

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Publications

None provided.

• Responsible Party: Glaukos Corporation
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01893359
• Other Study ID Numbers: KXL-004
• First Posted: Jul 9, 2013
• Last Update Posted: Apr 26, 2021
• Last Verified: Apr 1, 2021

• Keywords provided by Glaukos Corporation: hyperopia; hyperopic astigmatism; cross-linking
• Additional relevant MeSH terms: Astigmatism; Hyperopia; Riboflavin; Dextrans; Ophthalmic Solutions

Study Results

Participant Flow

Arm/Group Title	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave)	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed)	LASIK Only
Arm/Group Description	Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Eyes assigned to this arm will receive standard LASIK with no cross-linking. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED	0	2	0
COMPLETED	0	2	0
NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave)	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed)	LASIK Only	Total
Arm/Group Description	Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Eyes assigned to this arm will receive standard LASIK with no cross-linking. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Total of all reporting groups
Overall Participants	0	2	0	2
Age (Count of Participants)
<=18 years	0 NaN	0 0%
Between 18 and 65 years	2 Infinity	2 100%
>=65 years	0 NaN	0 0%
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	1 Infinity	1 50%
Male	1 Infinity	1 50%
Race (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
American Indian or Alaska Native	0 NaN	0 0%
Asian	0 NaN	0 0%
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 NaN	0 0%
Black or African American	0 NaN	0 0%
White	2 Infinity	2 100%
More than one race	0 NaN	0 0%
Unknown or Not Reported	0 NaN	0 0%

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	MRSE Regression
Description	The co-primary efficacy endpoints are a comparison of MRSE regression in the refractive outcome between the LASIK only eyes and the LASIK with cross-linking eyes within each treatment type and duration (2 minutes continuous UVA or 3 minutes pulsed UVA cross-linking) expressed as the change between one week and six months, and one week and twelve months.
Time Frame	one week to six months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

This trial had extremely low enrollment due to difficulties recruiting patients therefore no analysis was conducted. Data for MSRE were collected for the two treated patients the primary endpoint is a comparison between the treatment groups. The two patients were in the same treatment group so a comparison between groups is not possible.

Arm/Group Title	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave)	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed)	LASIK Only
Arm/Group Description	Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Eyes assigned to this arm will receive standard LASIK with no cross-linking. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
Measure Participants	0	0	0

2. Primary Outcome

Title	MRSE Regression
Description	The co-primary efficacy endpoints are a comparison of MRSE regression in the refractive outcome between the LASIK only eyes and the LASIK with cross-linking eyes within each treatment type and duration (2 minutes continuous UVA or 3 minutes pulsed UVA cross-linking) expressed as the change between one week and six months, and one week and twelve months.
Time Frame	one week to twelve months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

This trial had extremely low enrollment due to difficulties recruiting patients therefore no analysis was conducted.

Arm/Group Title	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave)	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed)	LASIK Only
Arm/Group Description	Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis	Eyes assigned to this arm will receive standard LASIK with no cross-linking. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
Measure Participants	0	0	0

Adverse Events

Arm/Group Title	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave)		LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed)		LASIK Only
Arm/Group Description	Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis		Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off. riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off) Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis		Eyes assigned to this arm will receive standard LASIK with no cross-linking. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
All Cause Mortality
	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave)		LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed)		LASIK Only
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	/ (NaN)		/ (NaN)		/ (NaN)
Serious Adverse Events
	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave)		LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed)		LASIK Only
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/0 (NaN)		0/2 (0%)		0/0 (NaN)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave)		LASIK Followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed)		LASIK Only
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/0 (NaN)		2/2 (100%)		2/2 (100%)
Eye disorders
Vision blurred	0/0 (NaN)	0	1/2 (50%)	2	1/2 (50%)	1
Foreign body sensation in eye	0/0 (NaN)	0	1/2 (50%)	1	1/2 (50%)	1
Photophobia	0/0 (NaN)	0	1/2 (50%)	1	1/2 (50%)	1
Conjunctival hyperaemia	0/0 (NaN)	0	0/2 (0%)	0	1/2 (50%)	1
Dry eye	0/0 (NaN)	0	0/2 (0%)	0	1/2 (50%)	1
Eye irritation	0/0 (NaN)	0	1/2 (50%)	1	0/2 (0%)	0
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Corneal flap complication	0/0 (NaN)	0	1/2 (50%)	1	1/2 (50%)	1

Limitations/Caveats

[Not Specified]

More Information

Certain Agreements

Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

Site has the right to publish or communicate study results upon the earlier of: (a) publication of a multi-center publication of the Study results coordinated by Sponsor; or (b) submission of the Study data by Sponsor to the FDA; provided that the Sponsor reviews the proposed communication of results within ninety (90) days in advance of its release. Sponsor can request delay of publication or data release to allow for filing of patent application prior to the publication or release.