Infection With Unknown Origin in the Emergency Department
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
Patients suspected with infection is one of the major groups, who are admitted to the Danish Emergency Departments (ED). Currently, there is no overall description of the distribution of these infections. The aim of this study is to characterize ED patients with a suspected infection whereby the focus of the infection is of an unknown origin.
Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
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Detailed Description
Bacteria resistant to antibiotics are associated with high antibiotic consumption and are identified by the World Health Organisation as a major public health threat. Despite efforts to optimize antibiotic consumption in Denmark, the total consumption in the hospital sector increased from 2009-2018 and the incidence of multi-resistance bacteria (MRB) is increasing. A Danish multicenter study has shown that every 20th patient in the emergency department has MRB. Patients with an infection of unknown origin tend to be prescribed a broad-spectrum antibiotic, as physicians endeavour to target probable origins in the body. The uncertainty associated with the diagnosis may lead to an overconsumption of antibiotics, which contributes to increased development of resistant bacteria and threatens future treatment options.
The aim of this study is to characterize patients admitted to the ED suspected with infection. The study will have three objectives:
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To describe the distribution of ED infections according to the registered diagnosis in the medical record compared to a clinical expert panel assessment
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To identify clinically relevant information available at admission associated with a patients infection of unknown origin.
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To investigate the association between an adverse event and clinically relevant information for patients with infection of unknown origin
The investigators' hypothesis is that with an improvement of knowledge about patients with an infection of unknown origin, a more accurate diagnosis can be made leading to a more appropriate antibiotic therapy and contributing to the fight against resistance to antibiotics.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
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Patients with a suspected infection Acutely admitted patients from the emergency department across 3 sites who have a suspected infection. |
Diagnostic Test: Broader Medical history and clinical tests
Patients will be treated with standard care plus additional blood tests, urine culture and urine flow cytometry,
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Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Diagnosis after 2 days [48 hours after admission emergency department]
Diagnosis code of patient (registered medical record and clinical expert panel assessment)
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Intensive care unit treatment [within 60 days from admission to the emergency department]
Transfer to the intensive care unit will be recorded during the current hospitalization as a binary variable (transferred/not-transferred)
- Length of stay [within 60 days from admission to the emergency department]
Defined as the time (in days) spent in hospital during the current admission. Measured in days from admission to hospital discharge. Discharge date minus admission date
- 30-days mortality [within 30 days from admission to the emergency department]
Mortality within 30 days from admission to the Emergency Department
- Readmission [within 30 days from day of discharge]
Binary
- In-hospital mortality [within 60 days from admission to the emergency department]
binary
- Diagnose code at hospital discharge [within 60 days from admission to the emergency department]
code registered in medical record at discharge
Other Outcome Measures
- 90-day mortality [Within 90 days from admission to emergency department]
Mortality - binary
- Level of infection markers [Within 4 hours of arrival to emergency department]
concentration of serum procalcitonin, CRP and suPAR
- Level of markers of lung injury [Within 4 hours of arrival to emergency department]
concentration of serum surfactant protein D, KL-6, and YKL-40
- Bacteriuria [Within 4 hours of arrival to emergency department]
defined by microbiologist on urine culture analysis
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adults admitted to the ED will be invited to participate in the study, if the physician, receiving the patient, suspect the patient has an infection (e.g. indication for blood culture).
Exclusion Criteria:
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If the attending physician considers that participation will delay a life-saving treatment or patient needs direct transfer to the intensive care unit.
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Admission within the last 14 days
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Verified COVID-19 disease within 14 days before admission
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Pregnant women
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Severe immunodeficiencies: Primary immunodeficiencies and secondary immunodeficiencies (HIV positive CD4 <200, Patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment (ATC L04A), Corticosteroid treatment (>20 mg/day prednisone or equivalent for >14 days within the last 30 days), Chemotherapy within 30 days)
Contacts and Locations
Locations
Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
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1 | Hospital of Southern Jutland | Aabenraa | Denmark |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- University of Southern Denmark
Investigators
- Study Chair: Christian Backer Mogensen, University Hospital of Southern Denmark
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
- Bager F. DANMAP: monitoring antimicrobial resistance in Denmark. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2000 May;14(4):271-4.
- Carter-Storch R, Olsen UF, Mogensen CB. Admissions to emergency department may be classified into specific complaint categories. Dan Med J. 2014 Mar;61(3):A4802.
- Courjon J, Demonchy E, Degand N, Risso K, Ruimy R, Roger PM. Patients with community-acquired bacteremia of unknown origin: clinical characteristics and usefulness of microbiological results for therapeutic issues: a single-center cohort study. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2017 May 19;16(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12941-017-0214-0.
- Skjøt-Arkil H, Mogensen CB, Lassen AT, Johansen IS, Chen M, Petersen P, Andersen KV, Ellermann-Eriksen S, Møller JM, Ludwig M, Fuglsang-Damgaard D, Nielsen FE, Petersen DB, Jensen US, Rosenvinge FS. Carrier prevalence and risk factors for colonisation of multiresistant bacteria in Danish emergency departments: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open. 2019 Jun 27;9(6):e029000. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029000.
- Zhao MZ, Ruan QR, Xing MY, Wei S, Xu D, Wu ZH, Zhu L, Zhu JL, Zheng CF, Liu S, Yu ZJ, Qi JY, Song JX. A Diagnostic Tool for Identification of Etiologies of Fever of Unknown Origin in Adult Patients. Curr Med Sci. 2019 Aug;39(4):589-596. doi: 10.1007/s11596-019-2078-3. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
- SHS-ED-11f-2020