Musical Attention Control and Executive Function Training for Adults With MDD
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
The investigators have developed music-based cognitive training sessions derived from Neurologic Music Therapy (NMT) techniques. The music-based cognitive training sessions will address areas of attention and executive function, which appear to progress over time and worsen as an individual experiences more episodes of depression. The aim of this pilot is to test 8-weeks of music-based cognitive training to improve cognitive function among adults with major depressive disorder.
Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
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N/A |
Detailed Description
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a lifelong condition and is the leading cause of disability in the world. MDD is a multifaceted mood disorder and due to its complex nature, this mental health diagnosis affects emotional, behavioural, and cognitive processing. Cognitive dysfunction appears to progress over time and worsens as the individual experiences more episodes of depression. Because of this, it is critical to continue to investigate and formulate effective treatment that can target and improve not only depressive symptoms, but also address overall cognitive function. Thus, the investigators propose implementing music-based cognitive training derived from Neurologic Music Therapy (NMT) techniques to address cognitive dysfunction experienced by adults diagnosed with MDD. Music-based interventions, specifically from the NMT approach have been shown to physically change the human brain when working on cognition in areas of attention and executive function, however little is known of these applications with adults with MDD. The aim of this pilot is to test 8-weeks of music-based cognitive training to improve cognitive function among adults with MDD.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
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Experimental: Music-based cognitive training Music-based cognitive training sessions are derived from two Neurologic Music Therapy techniques: Musical Attention Control Training (MACT) and Musical Executive Function Training (MEFT). MACT exercises will focus on sustained and selective attention to emphasise flexibility and adaptability of the auditory attention system. MEFT exercises will provide opportunity for decision making, problem solving, reasoning, comprehending, organising, initiating, inhibiting, evaluating, analysing, and creating. |
Other: Music-based cognitive training
8-week music-based cognitive training
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Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Change in cognitive function using neurocognitive tasks assessing areas of attention and executive function. [From baseline to 8-weeks]
Standardised tests that assess memory, processing speed, attention, and executive function will be used. Go/No Go Task Digit Span Forward and Backward Shifting attention test Trail Making A and B Stroop Test
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Change in suicidal ideation using the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation [From baseline to 8-weeks]
A 21-item self-report scale that quantifies suicidal ideation.
- Changes in affect using the Positive and negative affect schedule - short form (PNAS-SF) [From baseline to 8-weeks]
A 10-item scale to assess the experience of positive and negative emotions/feelings.
- Changes in depression symptoms using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology - self-report (QIDS-SR). [From baseline to 8-weeks]
A 16-item validated depression scale.
- Changes in quality of life using the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) [From baseline to 8-weeks]
A validated 16-item scale to assess quality of life
- Feasibility and acceptability of music-based cognitive training [From baseline to 8-weeks]
A self-report questionnaire created in-house to address participant feedback on their experiences with specific aspects of music-based cognitive training.
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
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Clinical diagnosis of MDD meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Diploma in Social Medicine (DSM-V) criteria
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Experiencing suicidal ideation in the past week (Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation >10)
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Have received more than 12 sessions of psychotherapy
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Stable medication use > 4 weeks
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Ability to undergo music-based cognitive training sessions in English
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Capable of giving informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
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The presence of cognitive impairment that would limit consent or understanding of neurologic music therapy
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The presence of active psychosis
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The presence of mood and suicidal symptom severity requiring immediate treatment
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Hearing impairment
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Participation in music therapy 6 months prior to study
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Private music lessons for a period of 1 year prior to study
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Unwilling or unable to provide informed consent
Contacts and Locations
Locations
Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
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1 | St. Michael's Hospital | Toronto | Ontario | Canada | M5B 1M8 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- Unity Health Toronto
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Sakina Rizvi, PhD,MACP,RP, Unity Health Toronto
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
- Baune BT, Air T. Clinical, Functional, and Biological Correlates of Cognitive Dimensions in Major Depressive Disorder - Rationale, Design, and Characteristics of the Cognitive Function and Mood Study (CoFaM-Study). Front Psychiatry. 2016 Aug 26;7:150. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00150. eCollection 2016.
- Culpepper L, Lam RW, McIntyre RS. Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Depression: Awareness, Assessment, and Management. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017 Nov/Dec;78(9):1383-1394. doi: 10.4088/JCP.tk16043ah5c.
- Hsu WC, Lai HL. Effects of music on major depression in psychiatric inpatients. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2004 Oct;18(5):193-9. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2004.07.007.
- Keilp JG, Gorlyn M, Russell M, Oquendo MA, Burke AK, Harkavy-Friedman J, Mann JJ. Neuropsychological function and suicidal behavior: attention control, memory and executive dysfunction in suicide attempt. Psychol Med. 2013 Mar;43(3):539-51. doi: 10.1017/S0033291712001419. Epub 2012 Jul 10.
- Knight MJ, Baune BT. Executive Subdomains Are Differentially Associated With Psychosocial Outcomes in Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry. 2018 Jul 10;9:309. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00309. eCollection 2018.
- Lam RW, Kennedy SH, Mclntyre RS, Khullar A. Cognitive dysfunction in major depressive disorder: effects on psychosocial functioning and implications for treatment. Can J Psychiatry. 2014 Dec;59(12):649-54. doi: 10.1177/070674371405901206. No abstract available.
- McIntyre RS, Soczynska JZ, Woldeyohannes HO, Alsuwaidan MT, Cha DS, Carvalho AF, Jerrell JM, Dale RM, Gallaugher LA, Muzina DJ, Kennedy SH. The impact of cognitive impairment on perceived workforce performance: results from the International Mood Disorders Collaborative Project. Compr Psychiatry. 2015 Jan;56:279-82. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.08.051. Epub 2014 Aug 23.
- Pan Z, Park C, Brietzke E, Zuckerman H, Rong C, Mansur RB, Fus D, Subramaniapillai M, Lee Y, McIntyre RS. Cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder. CNS Spectr. 2019 Feb;24(1):22-29. doi: 10.1017/S1092852918001207. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
- Strait DL, Kraus N. Can you hear me now? Musical training shapes functional brain networks for selective auditory attention and hearing speech in noise. Front Psychol. 2011 Jun 13;2:113. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00113. eCollection 2011.
- Strait DL, Slater J, O'Connell S, Kraus N. Music training relates to the development of neural mechanisms of selective auditory attention. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2015 Apr;12:94-104. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2015.01.001. Epub 2015 Jan 13.
- Thaut MH, Gardiner JC, Holmberg D, Horwitz J, Kent L, Andrews G, Donelan B, McIntosh GR. Neurologic music therapy improves executive function and emotional adjustment in traumatic brain injury rehabilitation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Jul;1169:406-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04585.x.
- Thaut MH, McIntosh GC, Hoemberg V. Neurobiological foundations of neurologic music therapy: rhythmic entrainment and the motor system. Front Psychol. 2015 Feb 18;5:1185. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01185. eCollection 2014.
- Zatorre RJ. Musical pleasure and reward: mechanisms and dysfunction. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2015 Mar;1337:202-11. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12677.
- MBCT-01