Temozolomide Alone or With Pegylated Interferon-Alpha 2b (PGI) in Melanoma Patients

Sponsor
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (Other)
Overall Status
Completed
CT.gov ID
NCT00525031
Collaborator
Schering-Plough (Industry)
55
1
2
118
0.5

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if temozolomide alone or given with pegylated interferon alpha-2b can help to control metastatic melanoma. Researchers also want to study the safety of these 2 treatments.

Objectives:
  1. To determine the anti-tumor activity (pathological response CR+PR) and toxicity of temozolomide (TMZ) alone or in combination with pegylated interferon alpha-2b (PGI) in patients with resectable stage IIIC or stage IV (M1a) metastatic melanoma prior to definitive surgical resection.

  2. To determine the relapse-free survival, overall survival and the impact of tumor response to chemotherapy in these patients.

  3. To differentiate the in vivo treatment effects of TMZ alone vs.TMZ plus PGI and correlate with clinical outcome by analysis the pre- and post-treatment tumors and peripheral blood mononuclear cells with respect to:

  1. Known cellular and molecular markers of apoptosis and cell proliferation, 2) Promotor methylation status of the DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), 3) DNA sequence variability of tumor suppressor genes and DNA repair enzymes, 4) Tumor genomic expression profiles analysis by complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray and protein array
Condition or Disease Intervention/Treatment Phase
  • Drug: Temozolomide (TMZ)
  • Drug: Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2b (PGI)
Phase 2

Detailed Description

Temozolomide is a drug that is designed to work by stopping cancer cells from making new DNA. If they cannot make DNA, they can't split into 2 new cancer cells.

Pegylated Interferon alpha-2b is a protein made by the human immune system that helps to fight viral infections and regulate cell function.

If you are found to be eligible to take part in this study, you will be randomly assigned (as in the toss of a coin) to one of two treatment groups (Arm A or Arm B). You have an equal chance of being assigned to either group and getting the treatment assigned to that group. You will not know which group you are assigned to.

Arm A: Participants in this group will take temozolomide once a day for 7 days in a row. This will be followed by 7 days without any treatment. This will be repeated 3 more times(for a total of 8 weeks - 1 cycle) before you have routine surgery.

Arm B: Participants in this group will take temozolomide on the same schedule as those in Arm

  1. However, participants in this group will also receive pegylated interferon alpha-2b as an injection under the skin once a week for a total of 8 weeks before they have routine surgery. Tylenol will be given to participants in this group before their pegylated interferon alpha-2b injection. After the first injection, they will also need to stay in the clinic for 2 hours of observation.

Your body weight will be used when calculating the dosage of Temozolomide.

You will have blood (about 1 tablespoon each time) drawn at 2 times, to check your response to treatment. The first sample will be drawn before you start treatment. The second sample will be drawn around Day 57 of treatment.

On Days 15, 29, 43, and 57 of treatment, you will be asked about any illness you have experienced and any medications you may be taking. You will have a physical exam, including measurement of vital signs. You will have tumor measurements and a performance status evaluation. You will also have about 1 tablespoon of blood drawn for routine tests at each visit . Any side effects you may have experienced will also be recorded.

All participants will receive 1 cycle (8 weeks) of treatment followed by surgery to remove the tumor. The size of the tumor will be closely monitored during study treatment. If the tumor increases in size by 50% (half) or greater, study treatment will be stopped and you will immediately have surgery. If you have to stop treatment due to side effects from the drug(s), you may be able to start up again once the side effect has gone away or decreased in severity enough. However, the time you are off therapy will count towards the total 8 weeks that you can receive treatment. If recovery from the side effect requires a total of 8 weeks or more from the start of treatment, you will be removed from the study and receive surgery. Tumor and blood samples will be collected during surgery to check how the disease is responding to treatment.

Your routine surgery will be scheduled to take place up to 90 days following completion of your treatment and as soon as your blood counts have recovered to the normal level.

After surgery, if you are experiencing side effects from the study drugs, but show stable disease or you are responding to treatment, you will be able to receive 3 additional cycles of therapy (24 weeks). You will have a physical exam, including measurement of vital signs and routine blood tests (about 1 tablespoon) every 4 weeks. You will then be followed every 3 months with routine blood tests (about 1 tablespoon each time) for the first 3 years, and every 6 months up to 8 years. After that, follow-up will be at the discretion of your primary physician. CT scans of your chest, abdomen, and pelvis will be performed after each cycle of therapy for the 3 additional cycles, then every 6 months up to 5 years and then, at the discretion of your primary physician.

This is an investigational study. Temozolomide alone and given with pegylated interferon alpha-2b is authorized for use in research only. Neither of these drugs is currently approved by the FDA for this treatment. About 124 patients will be enrolled on this study. All will be enrolled at M. D. Anderson.

Study Design

Study Type:
Interventional
Actual Enrollment :
55 participants
Allocation:
Randomized
Intervention Model:
Parallel Assignment
Masking:
Single (Participant)
Primary Purpose:
Treatment
Official Title:
Randomized Phase II Neoadjuvant Study of Temozolomide Alone or With Pegylated Interferon-alpha 2b in Patients With Resectable American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Stage IIIB/IIIC or Stage IV (M1a) Metastatic Melanoma
Study Start Date :
Aug 1, 2006
Actual Primary Completion Date :
Jun 1, 2016
Actual Study Completion Date :
Jun 1, 2016

Arms and Interventions

Arm Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: Temozolomide (TMZ)

Temozolomide = TMZ - 150 mg/m^2 by mouth once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) for a total of 8 weeks.

Drug: Temozolomide (TMZ)
150 mg/m^2 by mouth once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) for a total of 8 weeks.
Other Names:
  • Temodar
  • Experimental: Temozolomide (TMZ) + Pegylated Interferon-alpha 2b (PGI)

    Temozolomide = TMZ and PGI = Pegylated Interferon-alpha 2b Temozolomide 150 mg/m^2 by mouth once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) for a total of 8 weeks. Pegylated Interferon-alpha 2b 0.5 mcg/kg subcutaneous injection once weekly for a total of 8 weeks.

    Drug: Temozolomide (TMZ)
    150 mg/m^2 by mouth once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) for a total of 8 weeks.
    Other Names:
  • Temodar
  • Drug: Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2b (PGI)
    0.5 mcg/kg subcutaneous injection once weekly for a total of 8 weeks.
    Other Names:
  • PEG-Intron
  • Outcome Measures

    Primary Outcome Measures

    1. Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy by Therapy Arms: Clinical Response Rates (CR + PR + SD) [Evaluated after a total of 8 weeks of therapy before definitive surgery.]

      Response to neoadjuvant therapy reported as number of participants with clinical response, defined as Complete Response (CR), Partial Response (PR) or Stable Disease (SD). Clinical Complete Response (CR): Disappearance of all clinical evidence of visible tumor. Partial Response (PR) : 30% or > decrease in the sum of the of the longest diameter of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum longest diameter persisting for at least 4 weeks. Progressive Disease (PD): > 20% increase in sum of longest diameter of target lesions, reference baseline sum longest diameter. Appearance new lesions and/or unequivocal progression of existing non-target lesions. Stable Disease (SD): Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for partial response nor sufficient increase to qualify for progressive disease, reference smallest sum longest diameter since treatment started.

    2. Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy: Overall Clinical Responses [Evaluated after a total of 8 weeks of therapy before definitive surgery.]

      Response to neoadjuvant therapy reported as number of participants with clinical response, defined as Clinical Complete Response (CR): Disappearance of all clinical evidence of visible tumor. Partial Response (PR) : 30% or > decrease in the sum of the of the longest diameter of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum longest diameter persisting for at least 4 weeks. Progressive Disease (PD): > 20% increase in sum of longest diameter of target lesions, reference baseline sum longest diameter. Appearance new lesions and/or unequivocal progression of existing non-target lesions. Stable Disease (SD): Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for partial response nor sufficient increase to qualify for progressive disease, reference smallest sum longest diameter since treatment started.

    Eligibility Criteria

    Criteria

    Ages Eligible for Study:
    18 Years and Older
    Sexes Eligible for Study:
    All
    Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
    No
    Inclusion Criteria:
    1. Histologically documented diagnosis of melanoma metastases.

    2. Stage IIIB/IIIC (N2b, N2c and N3) or stage IV (M1a) melanoma patients with measurable and potentially resectable metastases without clinical and radiological evidence of other distant metastases.

    3. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1.

    4. Age 18 or older.

    5. Adequate organ function defined as follows: a.) Absolute granulocytes greater than or equal to 1,000/mm3 and Platelets greater than or equal to 100,000/mm3, b.) Serum bilirubin and serum creatinine of less than or equal to 1.5 times upper limit of laboratory normal. If serum creatinine is greater than 1.5 times upper limit of laboratory normal, the urine creatinine clearance must be greater than 60 ml/min., c.) serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) (AST), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase less than or equal to 3 times upper limit of laboratory normal.

    6. Patients have not had any previous systemic chemotherapy for metastatic melanoma. Prior biologic therapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy are allowable, but must be at least 2 weeks since prior therapy before starting study drugs. No other concurrent chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy.

    7. Prior radiation therapy used to enhance local regional control is permitted, but must be at least 2 weeks since prior therapy before starting study drugs. In addition, the patient must have unirradiated metastatic sites for response evaluation and has fully recovered from its toxicity. Lesions within the prior field of radiation may only be used as indicator lesions if there has been recent evidence of disease progression after .

    8. Ability to understand and sign an informed consent form, indicating awareness of the investigational nature of this study.

    Exclusion Criteria:
    1. Significant cardiac or pulmonary dysfunction, such as a history of severe cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction within 6 months of the start of treatment, unstable angina, Class III or Class IV congestive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, or any uncontrolled arrhythmia.

    2. Current significant psychiatric illness.

    3. Serious infection requiring intravenous antibiotics, or any non-malignant medical illnesses that are uncontrolled or whose control may be jeopardized by complications of this therapy.

    4. Frequent vomiting or any medical condition (e.g. partial bowel obstruction) that could interfere with oral medication intake.

    5. Autoimmune or immunosuppressive disorders (e.g. HIV or AIDS-related illness).

    6. Patients who require therapy with systemic corticosteroids.

    7. No evidence of active secondary malignancy that requires chemotherapy within the past 2 years (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer, and/or all carcinoma in-situ)

    8. Pregnant or lactating women are ineligible. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test within a week of initiation of therapy. All patients must agree to use medically approved contraceptive measures to prevent pregnancy during treatment.

    9. Any other medical condition or reason that, in the principal investigator's opinion, makes the patient unsuitable to participate in a clinical trial.

    Contacts and Locations

    Locations

    Site City State Country Postal Code
    1 University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas United States 77030

    Sponsors and Collaborators

    • M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
    • Schering-Plough

    Investigators

    • Principal Investigator: Wen-Jen Hwu, MD PhD, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

    Study Documents (Full-Text)

    None provided.

    More Information

    Additional Information:

    Publications

    None provided.
    Responsible Party:
    M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
    ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
    NCT00525031
    Other Study ID Numbers:
    • 2005-0143
    • NCI-2010-00855
    First Posted:
    Sep 5, 2007
    Last Update Posted:
    Sep 23, 2020
    Last Verified:
    Sep 1, 2020

    Study Results

    Participant Flow

    Recruitment Details Recruitment Period: August 31, 2006 to May 10, 2011. All recruitment done at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
    Pre-assignment Detail Three participants of 55 enrolled were excluded due to ineligibility prior to assignment to groups.
    Arm/Group Title Temozolomide (TMZ) Temozolomide (TMZ) + Pegylated Interferon-alpha 2b (PGI)
    Arm/Group Description TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) for a total of 8 weeks. TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) and PGI 0.5 mcg/kg subcutaneous injection once weekly for a total of 8 weeks.
    Period Title: Overall Study
    STARTED 27 25
    COMPLETED 26 24
    NOT COMPLETED 1 1

    Baseline Characteristics

    Arm/Group Title TMZ Alone TMZ + PGI Total
    Arm/Group Description TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) for a total of 8 weeks. TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) and PGI 0.5 mcg/kg subcutaneous injection once weekly for a total of 8 weeks. Total of all reporting groups
    Overall Participants 27 25 52
    Age (years) [Median (Full Range) ]
    Median (Full Range) [years]
    58
    62
    60
    Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
    Female
    14
    51.9%
    9
    36%
    23
    44.2%
    Male
    13
    48.1%
    16
    64%
    29
    55.8%
    Region of Enrollment (Count of Participants)
    United States
    27
    100%
    25
    100%
    52
    100%

    Outcome Measures

    1. Primary Outcome
    Title Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy by Therapy Arms: Clinical Response Rates (CR + PR + SD)
    Description Response to neoadjuvant therapy reported as number of participants with clinical response, defined as Complete Response (CR), Partial Response (PR) or Stable Disease (SD). Clinical Complete Response (CR): Disappearance of all clinical evidence of visible tumor. Partial Response (PR) : 30% or > decrease in the sum of the of the longest diameter of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum longest diameter persisting for at least 4 weeks. Progressive Disease (PD): > 20% increase in sum of longest diameter of target lesions, reference baseline sum longest diameter. Appearance new lesions and/or unequivocal progression of existing non-target lesions. Stable Disease (SD): Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for partial response nor sufficient increase to qualify for progressive disease, reference smallest sum longest diameter since treatment started.
    Time Frame Evaluated after a total of 8 weeks of therapy before definitive surgery.

    Outcome Measure Data

    Analysis Population Description
    Of the 52 registered, two were not evaluable for response. Each
    Arm/Group Title TMZ Alone TMZ + PGI
    Arm/Group Description TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) for a total of 8 weeks. TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) and PGI 0.5 mcg/kg subcutaneous injection once weekly for a total of 8 weeks.
    Measure Participants 26 24
    CR, PR, SD
    4
    14.8%
    7
    28%
    PD
    14
    51.9%
    11
    44%
    Missing
    8
    29.6%
    6
    24%
    2. Primary Outcome
    Title Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy: Overall Clinical Responses
    Description Response to neoadjuvant therapy reported as number of participants with clinical response, defined as Clinical Complete Response (CR): Disappearance of all clinical evidence of visible tumor. Partial Response (PR) : 30% or > decrease in the sum of the of the longest diameter of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum longest diameter persisting for at least 4 weeks. Progressive Disease (PD): > 20% increase in sum of longest diameter of target lesions, reference baseline sum longest diameter. Appearance new lesions and/or unequivocal progression of existing non-target lesions. Stable Disease (SD): Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for partial response nor sufficient increase to qualify for progressive disease, reference smallest sum longest diameter since treatment started.
    Time Frame Evaluated after a total of 8 weeks of therapy before definitive surgery.

    Outcome Measure Data

    Analysis Population Description
    Two participants of 52 enrolled were not evaluable for response.
    Arm/Group Title Overall Study
    Arm/Group Description Arm A: TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) for a total of 8 weeks. Arm B: TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) and PGI 0.5 mcg/kg subcutaneous injection once weekly for a total of 8 weeks.
    Measure Participants 50
    Complete Response
    1
    3.7%
    Partial Response
    15
    55.6%
    Stable Disease
    3
    11.1%
    Progressive Disease
    31
    114.8%

    Adverse Events

    Time Frame Adverse event data were collected from first cycle (8 weeks) of neoadjuvant therapy before undergoing surgical resection and up to 3 additional cycles (24 weeks) following definitive surgery as adjuvant therapy for total of 32 weeks.
    Adverse Event Reporting Description
    Arm/Group Title TMZ Alone TMZ + PGI
    Arm/Group Description TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) for a total of 8 weeks. TMZ 150 mg/m^2 oral once daily for 7 days, followed by 7 days off (alternating weekly) and PGI 0.5 mcg/kg subcutaneous injection once weekly for a total of 8 weeks.
    All Cause Mortality
    TMZ Alone TMZ + PGI
    Affected / at Risk (%) # Events Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
    Total / (NaN) / (NaN)
    Serious Adverse Events
    TMZ Alone TMZ + PGI
    Affected / at Risk (%) # Events Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
    Total 0/27 (0%) 8/25 (32%)
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    LEUKOCYTES INCREASED/Leukocytosis 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    Investigations
    NEUTROPHILS INCREASED (ANC/AGC) 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    LYMPHOPENIA 0/27 (0%) 0 3/25 (12%) 3
    PLATELETS DECREASED 0/27 (0%) 0 3/25 (12%) 3
    Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
    TMZ Alone TMZ + PGI
    Affected / at Risk (%) # Events Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
    Total 26/27 (96.3%) 24/25 (96%)
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    LEUKOCYTES INCREASED/Leukocytosis 2/27 (7.4%) 2 7/25 (28%) 7
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    CONSTIPATION 11/27 (40.7%) 11 14/25 (56%) 14
    DIARRHEA 0/27 (0%) 0 5/25 (20%) 5
    INDIGESTION 1/27 (3.7%) 1 0/25 (0%) 0
    VOMITING 4/27 (14.8%) 4 6/25 (24%) 6
    General disorders
    FATIGUE 12/27 (44.4%) 12 17/25 (68%) 17
    FEVER WITHOUT NEUTROPENIA 0/27 (0%) 0 3/25 (12%) 3
    FLU-LIKE SYNDROME 1/27 (3.7%) 1 7/25 (28%) 7
    HEARTBURN 0/27 (0%) 0 2/25 (8%) 2
    NAUSEA 11/27 (40.7%) 11 16/25 (64%) 16
    RIGORS/CHILLS 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    INJECTION SITE REACTION 1/27 (3.7%) 1 14/25 (56%) 14
    Investigations
    ALANINE TRANSAMINASE (ALT) INCREASED 0/27 (0%) 0 6/25 (24%) 6
    ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE (AST) INCREASED 0/27 (0%) 0 6/25 (24%) 6
    ELEVEVATED Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    HEMOGLOBIN INCREASED 3/27 (11.1%) 3 4/25 (16%) 4
    LEUKOPENIA 2/27 (7.4%) 2 5/25 (20%) 5
    LYMPHOCYTE COUNT DECREASED 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    LYMPHOPENIA 5/27 (18.5%) 5 7/25 (28%) 7
    NEUTROPHILS DECREASED (Absolute neutrophil count/ANC) 2/27 (7.4%) 2 7/25 (28%) 7
    PLATELETS DECREASED 5/27 (18.5%) 5 10/25 (40%) 10
    WHITE BLOOD CELL DECREASED 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    ANOREXIA 10/27 (37%) 10 9/25 (36%) 9
    HYPERGLYCEMIA 0/27 (0%) 0 2/25 (8%) 2
    HYPOCALCEMIA 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    HYPOMAGNESEMIA 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    PAIN (EXTREMITY-LIMBS) 2/27 (7.4%) 2 1/25 (4%) 1
    PAIN (MUSCLE) 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    Nervous system disorders
    DIZZINESS 1/27 (3.7%) 1 0/25 (0%) 0
    PAIN (HEAD/HEADACHE) 8/27 (29.6%) 8 16/25 (64%) 16
    TASTE ALTERATION 1/27 (3.7%) 1 3/25 (12%) 3
    Psychiatric disorders
    MOOD ALTERATION 0/27 (0%) 0 3/25 (12%) 3
    Renal and urinary disorders
    CYSTITIS 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    ALOPECIA 1/27 (3.7%) 1 2/25 (8%) 2
    PAIN (SKIN) 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1
    PRURITUS 1/27 (3.7%) 1 3/25 (12%) 3
    PRURITUS/ITCHING 1/27 (3.7%) 1 4/25 (16%) 4
    RASH/DESQUAMATION 0/27 (0%) 0 3/25 (12%) 3
    SWEATING 0/27 (0%) 0 1/25 (4%) 1

    Limitations/Caveats

    [Not Specified]

    More Information

    Certain Agreements

    All Principal Investigators ARE employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

    There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.

    Results Point of Contact

    Name/Title Wen-Jen Hwu, MD/Professor, Melanoma Medical Oncology
    Organization UT MD Anderson Cancer Center
    Phone 713-792-7734
    Email CR_Study_Registration@mdanderson.org
    Responsible Party:
    M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
    ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
    NCT00525031
    Other Study ID Numbers:
    • 2005-0143
    • NCI-2010-00855
    First Posted:
    Sep 5, 2007
    Last Update Posted:
    Sep 23, 2020
    Last Verified:
    Sep 1, 2020