High Dose Ascorbic Acid for Plasma Cell Disorders
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
This is a Phase I single-arm open-label clinical study primarily assessing the safety and secondarily, the relative efficacy of low dose melphalan + high dose ascorbate acid (HDAA) in relapsed refractory patients with multiple myeloma.
Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
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Phase 1 |
Detailed Description
This is a phase 1 study for patients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma. Patients will receive a 15-gram test dose, and a maximum of 3 cycles, each composed of 4 doses of high-dose ascorbic acid (HDAA) and 2 doses of melphalan. This study will enroll 9 patients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma. The starting dose of ascorbic acid will be 50 grams. Using a 3+3 dose escalation, the dose will potentially increase to 75 grams then 100 grams.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
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Experimental: Low dose melphalan + high dose ascorbate acid (HDAA) Patients will receive a test dose of 15g of HDAA prior to starting treatment dose. This will be mainly to rule out allergic reactions. HDAA + Melphalan: HDAA on day 1 and day 4 in combination with melphalan 12.5 mg/m2, followed by 2 additional doses of HDAA on day 2 and day 5. A 3 + 3 cohort method will be used for this study. After successfully completing the test dose, subjects will receive 50gms, 75gms and 100gms of ascorbate per infusion in 3 different cohorts. Dose modifications are not made for weight or body surface area. |
Other: Ascorbate
Ascorbate is in the vitamin drug class
Other Names:
Drug: Melphalan
Melphalan is an alkylating agent coupled to an amino acid
Other Names:
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Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Number of treatment related adverse events as defined by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.03 [First day of treatment through 28 days]
Adverse events occuring within the DLT assessment window which do not resolve in less than 72 hours and are not clearly and incontrovertibly due to extraneous causes.
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Rate of minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity through bone marrow testing and imaging [Through 28 days after the end of treatment]
MRD will be determined by highly sensitive, eight color flow on bone marrow sample. Functional imaging, such as PET scan and MRI will also be performed to assess the disease status.
- Overall response rate based on International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria [Through 24 months after the end of treatment]
Response to treatment will be assessed by IMWG criteria.
- Categorize and quantify adverse events compared to historical control [Up to 24 months following the end of treatment for the last patient]
The number and severity of all adverse events will be summarized by simple descriptive statistics and compared to a historical control.
- Oxidative stress parameters in plasma through blood testing [Through 24 months after the end of treatment]
Blood will be drawn and serum iron, TIBC, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation levels tested.
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
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Subject has provided informed consent.
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Patients who have been previously treated with 3 or more lines of therapy, i.e. proteasome inhibitors, immuno-modulatory agents such as lenalidomide and monoclonal antibodies such as daratumumab, and have progressed within past 6 months. Participants with previous failed autologous transplant and progressed within 6 months after autologous transplant. Note: induction with or without hematopoietic stem cell transplant and with or without maintenance therapy is considered a single regimen.
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Subjects must have measurable disease (as determined by the central lab), including at least one of the criteria below:
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M-protein quantities ≥ 0.5 g/dl by SPEP or
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≥ 200 mg/24 hour urine collection by UPEP or
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serum free light chain levels > 100 mg/L (milligrams/liter involved light chain) and an abnormal kappa/lambda (κ/λ) ratio in patients without detectable serum or urine m-protein or
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For patients with immunoglobulin class A (IgA) myeloma whose disease can only be reliably measured by quantitative immunoglobulin measurement, a serum IgA level ≥ 500 mg/dL.
Non-secretory participants are eligible provided the participant has > 20% bone marrow plasmacytosis OR multiple (≥3) plasmacytomas or lesions on MRI at the time of diagnosis or study enrollment, OR the presence of lesions (≥ 3) on PET/CT scan.
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Adequate organ function:
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Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.0 x 109/L without growth factor support for 7 days (14 days if pegfilgastrim) . Platelets (plt) ≥ 50 x 109/L without transfusion for 7 days. However, patient can be enrolled if the ANC and platelets are low due to disease
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Potassium within normal limits or correctable with supplements
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Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) ≤ 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
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Serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN
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Estimated serum creatinine clearance of ≥ 45 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault equation or directly calculated from the 24-hour urine collection method or ≥30 mL allowed if renal insufficiency is attributed to myeloma.
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International normalized ratio (INR) < 1.5 x ULN and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) < 1.5 x ULN
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Ejection fraction by ECHO or MUGA of ≥ 40% performed.
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Participants must have adequate pulmonary function studies (PFTs), > 50% of predicted on mechanical aspects (FEV1, FVC) and diffusion capacity ( DLCO) > 50% of predicted (adjusted for hemoglobin). If the participant is unable to complete PFTs due to disease-related pain or other circumstances that make it difficult to reliably perform PFTs, documentation of pulmonary function adequate for transplant will occur via a CT scan without evidence of major pulmonary disease, and arterial blood gas results.
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Participants must have a performance status of 0-2 based on ECOG criteria. Participants with poor performance status (3-4) based solely on bone pain will be eligible, provided there is documentation to verify this.
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Negative serum or urine pregnancy test (sensitivity of at least 25 mIU/mL) at screening.
Exclusion Criteria:
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Prior allogeneic transplant.
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Known hypersensitivity or allergy to ascorbic acid or melphalan.
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Participants must not have a concurrent malignancy unless it can be adequately treated by non-chemotherapeutic intervention. Participants may have a history of prior malignancy, provided that he/she has not had any chemotherapy within 365 days of study entry AND that life expectancy exceeds 5 years at the time of study entry.
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Participants must not have life-threatening comorbidities.
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History or evidence of myeloma associated with immunodeficiency states (e.g.: Hereditary immune deficiency, HIV, organ transplant or leukemia).
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Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease (requires negative test for clinically suspected HIV infection).
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Evidence of CNS myeloma.
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Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, recent (within 6 months) myocardial infarction, uncontrolled or symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, uncontrolled hypertension on appropriate therapy or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
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Concurrent use of Coumadin (warfarin)
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Patients with G6PD deficiency
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Patients with a history of oxalate renal stones or a known history of multiple renal stones
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Diabetic patients who rely on a glucometer to dose insulin as ascorbate can interfere with glucometer readings
Contacts and Locations
Locations
Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
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1 | University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics | Iowa City | Iowa | United States | 52242 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- Michael Tomasson
- University of Iowa
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Michael Tomasson, MD, University of Iowa
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
None provided.- 201804754