T-BiRD: Phase II Study of Thalidomide, Clarithromycin, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Sponsor
Weill Medical College of Cornell University (Other)
Overall Status
Completed
CT.gov ID
NCT00538733
Collaborator
Celgene (Industry)
26
1
1
155.6
0.2

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

Study Objectives

  1. Evaluate the efficacy of the combination of thalidomide (Thalomid®), clarithromycin (Biaxin®), lenalidomide (Revlimid®), and dexamethasone (Decadron®) as an induction therapy for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM).

  2. Evaluate the efficacy of the addition of thalidomide (Thalomid®) to BiRD combination therapy as a therapy to increase the complete response rate for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

  3. Evaluate the safety of the combination of clarithromycin, lenalidomide, dexamethasone, and thalidomide as a therapy for patients with newly diagnosed MM

Condition or Disease Intervention/Treatment Phase
Phase 2

Detailed Description

This phase II study is a treatment program for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Up to 25 patients will be enrolled. Patients who sign consent and fulfill all eligibility criteria will be enrolled to receive the following treatment plan:

T-BiRD Therapy:

Cycles 1-4

  • Thalidomide (50mg daily for days 1-7, thereafter 100mg daily for days 8-28 of the first 28 day cycle. Thalidomide will then be given at 100mg/daily for days 1-28 for each subsequent cycle)

  • Clarithromycin (500mg twice daily for each 28 day cycle)

  • Lenalidomide (25 mg daily days 1-21 of every 28 day cycle) and

  • Dexamethasone (40 mg daily on day 1, 8, 15 and 22 of each 28 day cycle)

  • Prophylactic medications will be given.

After completing 4 cycles

  • Patients who demonstrate progression of disease will be taken off study.

  • Patients who achieve maximum response (either by achievement of complete remission or stable disease plateau) will be transitioned to maintenance therapy.

  • Patients who achieve VGPR or PR with acceptable toxicity will be given T-BiRD for an additional 2 cycles: cycles 5 and 6.

Upon completion of 6 cycles of T-BiRD,

  • Patients who achieve maximum response (either by achievement of complete remission or stable disease plateau) will be transitioned to maintenance therapy.

  • Patients without disease progression or maximum response (either by achievement of complete remission or stable disease plateau) will receive BiRD therapy

  • Patients with disease progression will be taken off study.

BiRD therapy will consist of the following:
  • Clarithromycin (500mg twice daily for each 28 day cycle)*

  • Lenalidomide (25mg daily days 1-21 of every 28 day cycle)*

  • Dexamethasone (40mg on days 1, 8, 15, 22 of each 28 day cycle)*

  • Prophylactic medications will be continued.

  • Patients who finished T-BiRD therapy at reduced doses of clarithromycin, lenalidomide or dexamethasone will start BiRD therapy at the same doses of clarithromycin, lenalidomide and dexamethasone on which they ended T-BiRD therapy.

Patients who progress on BiRD will reinitiate T-BiRD as follows:
  • Thalidomide (100mg/daily for days 1-28 for each 28 day cycle)

  • Clarithromycin (500mg twice daily for each 28 day cycle)*

  • Lenalidomide (25mg/daily for days 1-21 of each 28 day cycle)*

  • Dexamethasone (40mg days 1, 8, 15, 22 of each 28 day cycle)*

  • Prophylactic medications will be continued

  • Patients who continue to show disease progression after two cycles of T-BiRD will be taken off study.

  • Patients who finished BiRD therapy at reduced doses of clarithromycin, lenalidomide or dexamethasone will start T-BiRD therapy at the same doses of clarithromycin, lenalidomide and dexamethasone on which they ended BiRD therapy.

Transition to maintenance therapy:

Patients who achieve a resolution of monoclonal gammopathy as detected on serum immunofixation or achieve a plateau of disease (no change in quantitative M-spike as detected on serum immunofixation) for > 2 cycles on either BiRD or T-BiRD therapy will be transitioned to maintenance therapy. Maintenance therapy will be comprised of:

  • Dexamethasone 20 mg weekly (days 1,8, 15, 22 out of a 28 day cycle)*

  • Lenalidomide 25 mg daily for days 1-21 out of a 28 day cycle. (15mg daily will be given days 1 - 21 out of a 28 day cycle to patients with a creatinine clearance of < 40cc / minute).*

  • Prophylactic medications will be continued

  • Patients who finished induction therapy with BiRD or T-BiRD at reduced doses lenalidomide or dexamethasone will start maintenance therapy at the same doses lenalidomide and dexamethasone on which they ended induction therapy. For patients with a creatinine clearance of < 40cc / minute, the lenalidomide dose will be the lower of their last induction therapy dose or 15mg daily on days 1 - 21 out of a 28 day cycle.

At the end of every cycle (which may coincide with day 1 of the new cycle), response and toxicity will be evaluated. During cycle 1, patients will have lab work done weekly (CBC with differential and blood electrolytes) and female of childbearing potential will have their pregnancy testing done, see APPENDIX III. All patients will remain on study until disease progression or side effects become excessive. Patients who achieve a stable plateau and are on maintenance therapy as defined above may be taken off study if eligible to proceed to high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation.

Study Design

Study Type:
Interventional
Actual Enrollment :
26 participants
Allocation:
N/A
Intervention Model:
Single Group Assignment
Masking:
None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose:
Treatment
Official Title:
A Phase II Study of Thalidomide (THALOMID®), Clarithromycin (BIAXIN®), Lenalidomide(REVLIMID®), and Dexamethasone (DECADRON®) for Subjects With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Actual Study Start Date :
Oct 1, 2007
Actual Primary Completion Date :
Jul 1, 2010
Actual Study Completion Date :
Sep 17, 2020

Arms and Interventions

Arm Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: T-BiRD Therapy

All patients were treated with the same regimen, starting with T-BIRD therapy (Cycles 1-4). After 4 cycles, Patients with disease progression will be taken off study. Patients who achieve maximum response will receive maintenance. Patients who achieve VGPR or PR will be given T-BiRD for 2 cycles (cycles 5-6). After 6 cycles of T-BiRD, Patients who achieve maximum response will receive maintenance; those with disease progression will be taken off study; all other patients will receive BIRD. Patients who progress on BiRD will reinitiate T-BiRD. If disease progression continues after 2 cycles, patients will be taken off study. Patients in CR/sCR or that achieve a plateau of disease for > 2 cycles on BiRD or T-BiRD therapy will receive maintenance.

Drug: thalomid
Cycles 1-4 • Thalidomide (50mg daily for days 1-7, thereafter 100mg daily for days 8-28 of the first 28 day cycle. Thalidomide will then be given at 100mg/daily for days 1-28 for each subsequent cycle)

Drug: lenalidomide
During T-BIRD Phase (Cycles 1-4, 5-6, and in the case of T-BIRD re-initiation) • Lenalidomide (25 mg daily days 1-21 of every 28 day cycle) During BiRD phase • 25mg daily days 1-21 of every 28 day cycle) During Maintenance Phase • 25 mg daily for days 1-21 out of a 28 day cycle

Drug: clarithromycin
During T-BiRD Phase • Clarithromycin (500mg twice daily for each 28 day cycle) During BiRD Phase: • Clarithromycin (500mg twice daily for each 28 day cycle)

Drug: dexamethasone
During T-BIRD Phase (Cycles 1-4, 5-6, and in the case of T-BIRD re-initiation) • Dexamethasone (40 mg daily on day 1, 8, 15 and 22 of each 28 day cycle) During BiRD Phase: • Dexamethasone (40 mg daily on day 1, 8, 15 and 22 of each 28 day cycle) During Maintenance Phase • Dexamethasone 20 mg weekly (days 1,8, 15, 22 out of a 28 day cycle)

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

  1. Effect of Drug Combination on Multiple Myeloma [This was collected from patients for their duration on study treatment. Only the best response was recorded. Best responses were reported at any point of the study, from start of treatment up until removal of study, which occurred up to 57.4 cycles]

    Objective response rate, defined according to the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria as greater then or equal to a Partial Response (PR). The best response was recorded. The IMWG criteria can be found here: imwg.myeloma.org/international-myeloma-working-group-imwg-uniform-response-criteria-for-multiple-myeloma/

Secondary Outcome Measures

  1. Median Time to Maximum Response [from baseline to cycle with maximum response]

    Median Time to maximum response, reported in cycles of treatment. One cycle = 28 days.

  2. Event Free Survival [from baseline to the time of first event that lead to removal from study (defined as progression, death, withdrawal of consent, or removal for toxicity)]

  3. Progression Free Survival [From start of treatment, to the date of first progression]

    Progression determined using International Myeloma Working Group criteria, as defined below. An increase of > 25% from lowest response value one or more of the following: Serum M-component and/or (the absolute increase must be > 0.5 g/dL)* Urine M-component and/or (the absolute increase must be > 200 mg/24 h) Only in patients without measurable serum and urine M-protein levels; the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels. The absolute increase must be > 10 mg/dL Bone marrow plasma cell percentage; the absolute percentage must be > 10% Definite development of new bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas or definite increase in the size of existing bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas Development of hypercalcaemia (corrected serum calcium > 11.5 mg/dL or 2.65 mmol/L) that can be attributed solely to the plasma cell proliferative disorder *if starting serum M protein is greater then 5 g/dL, absolute increase of 1g/dL is sufficient to determine relapse.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:
18 Years and Older
Sexes Eligible for Study:
All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
No
Inclusion Criteria:
  • Subject must voluntarily sign and understand written informed consent.

  • Age > 18 years at the time of signing the consent form.

  • Histologically confirmed Salmon-Durie stage II or III MM. Stage I MM patients will be eligible if they display poor prognostic factors (ß2M ≥5.5 mg/L, plasma cell proliferation index ≥5%, albumin of less then 3.0, and unfavorable cytogenetics).

  • Newly diagnosed myeloma.

  • No anti-myeloma therapy within 14 days prior to initiation of study treatment except for corticosteroids with a maximum allowed dosage equivalent to three pulses of dexamethasone (40mg daily for 4 days equals one pulse). Patients may be receiving adjuvant antiresorptive therapy (i.e., pamidronate or zoledronic acid) as routine care.

  • Measurable disease as defined by > 1.0 g/dL serum monoclonal protein, >0.1 g/dL serum free light chains, >0.2 g/24 hrs urinary M-protein excretion, and/or measurable plasmacytoma(s).

  • Karnofsky performance status ≥70% (>60% if due to bony involvement of myeloma.

  • Able to take aspirin daily as prophylactic anticoagulation. (patients intolerant to ASA may use warfarin or low molecular weight heparin)

  • All study participants must be registered into the mandatory RevAssist® and S.T.E.P.S.® programs, and be willing and able to comply with the requirements of RevAssist® and the S.T.E.P.S.® programs.

  • Females of childbearing potential (FCBP)† must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test with a sensitivity of at least 50 mIU/mL within 10 - 14 days prior to and again within 24 hours of prescribing lenalidomide and thalidomide (prescriptions must be filled within 7 days) and must either commit to continued abstinence from heterosexual intercourse or begin TWO acceptable methods of birth control, one highly effective method and one additional effective method AT THE SAME TIME, at least 4 weeks before she starts taking lenalidomide. FCBP must also agree to ongoing pregnancy testing. Men must agree to use a latex condom during sexual contact with females of child bearing potential even if they have had a successful vasectomy.

  • Life expectancy ≥ 3 months

  • Subjects must meet the following laboratory parameters:

  • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1000 cells/mm3 (1.0 x 109/L)

  • Platelets count ≥ 75,000/mm3 (75 x 109/L)

  • Serum SGOT/AST <3.0 x upper limits of normal (ULN)

  • Serum SGPT/ALT <3.0 x upper limits of normal (ULN)

  • Serum creatinine <2.5 mg/dL (221 µmol/L)

  • Serum total bilirubin <2.0 mg/dL (34 µmol/L)

Exclusion Criteria:
  • Patients with non-secretory MM (no measurable monoclonal protein, free light chains, and/or M-spike in blood or urine).

  • Prior history of other malignancies (except for basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or carcinoma in situ of the cervix or breast) unless disease free for ≥ 5 years.

  • Myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to enrollment , or NYHA(New York Hospital Association) Class III or IV heart failure, uncontrolled angina, severe uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, electrocardiographic evidence of acute ischemia or active conduction system abnormalities.

  • Pregnant or lactating females are ineligible.

  • Given the potential of the study drugs to trigger or worsen HIV viremia and the incidence of opportunistic infections inpatients infected with the HIV virus, HIV-1 or HIV-2 positive patients will be excluded. The interactions of HAART with study drugs have not been determined.

  • Active hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection.

  • Active viral or bacterial infections or any coexisting medical problem that would significantly increase the risks of this treatment program.

  • Any coexisting medical problem or laboratory evaluation that, in the treating physician's or principal investigator's opinion, makes the patient unsuitable to participate in this clinical trial.

  • Known hypersensitivity to dexamethasone, clarithromycin, lenalidomide, or thalidomide.

  • History of thromboembolic event within the past 6 months prior to enrollment.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

Site City State Country Postal Code
1 Weill Medical College of Cornell University New York New York United States 10021

Sponsors and Collaborators

  • Weill Medical College of Cornell University
  • Celgene

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Ruben Niesvizky, MD, Weill Medical College of Cornell University

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Publications

None provided.
Responsible Party:
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT00538733
Other Study ID Numbers:
  • 0707009285
  • RV-MM-PI-238
First Posted:
Oct 3, 2007
Last Update Posted:
May 24, 2021
Last Verified:
Apr 1, 2021
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product:
Yes
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product:
No
Keywords provided by Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Study Results

Participant Flow

Recruitment Details
Pre-assignment Detail
Arm/Group Title T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Arm/Group Description 26 patients started the treatment phase. Per protocol, completion of the treatment phase was defined as removal from treatment due to progression, or to pursue an alternative treatment (either a stem cell transplant, or further consolidation chemotherapy in pursuit of a transplant).
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED 26
Removed Due to Progression of Disease 1
Removed to Pursue a Stem Cell Transplant 11
Removed to Pursue Alternative Theray 2
COMPLETED 14
NOT COMPLETED 12

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Arm/Group Description All patients that enrolled on the study and received treatment with T-BiRD are included in this analysis.
Overall Participants 26
Age (years) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [years]
61
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female
11
42.3%
Male
15
57.7%
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
Hispanic or Latino
3
11.5%
Not Hispanic or Latino
23
88.5%
Unknown or Not Reported
0
0%
Race (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0
0%
Asian
2
7.7%
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0
0%
Black or African American
0
0%
White
20
76.9%
More than one race
0
0%
Unknown or Not Reported
4
15.4%
Durie-Salmon Classification (participants) [Number]
Stage 1A
12
46.2%
Stage 2A
9
34.6%
Stage 3A
5
19.2%
Cytogenetics (participants) [Number]
standard risk
18
69.2%
high risk
8
30.8%
Immunoglobulins (participants) [Number]
IgA myeloma
3
11.5%
IgG myeloma
15
57.7%
light chain only myeloma
8
30.8%
karnofsky performance status (participants) [Number]
90% (or better)
12
46.2%
80%
12
46.2%
70%
2
7.7%
International Staging System Classification (participants) [Number]
Stage I
9
34.6%
Stage II
13
50%
Stage III
4
15.4%
Hemoglobin at baseline (in g/dL) (g/dL) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [g/dL]
11.95
serum creatinine at baseline (in mg/dL) (mg/dL) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [mg/dL]
0.85
platelet count at baseline (in 1000/uL) (1000/uL) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [1000/uL]
241
absolute neutrophil count at baseline (in 1000/uL) (1000/uL) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [1000/uL]
3
albumin at baseline (in mg/dL) (mg/dL) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [mg/dL]
3.5
lactage dehydrogenase at baseline (U/L) (U/L) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [U/L]
151
C-reactive protein at baseline (in mg/dL) (mg/dL) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [mg/dL]
0.225
Beta-2 microglobulin at baseline (in mg/L) (mg/L) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [mg/L]
2.2

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome
Title Effect of Drug Combination on Multiple Myeloma
Description Objective response rate, defined according to the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria as greater then or equal to a Partial Response (PR). The best response was recorded. The IMWG criteria can be found here: imwg.myeloma.org/international-myeloma-working-group-imwg-uniform-response-criteria-for-multiple-myeloma/
Time Frame This was collected from patients for their duration on study treatment. Only the best response was recorded. Best responses were reported at any point of the study, from start of treatment up until removal of study, which occurred up to 57.4 cycles

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
25 of the 26 patients enrolled were accessible for response/progression, as one patient expired prior to first response assessment and could not be included in the analysis.
Arm/Group Title T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Arm/Group Description 26 patients started the treatment phase. Per protocol, completion of the treatment phase was defined as removal from treatment due to progression, or to pursue an alternative treatment (either a stem cell transplant, or further consolidation chemotherapy in pursuit of a transplant). 25 of the 26 patients enrolled were accessible for response/progression, as one patient expired prior to first response assessment and could not be included in the analysis.
Measure Participants 25
sCR (stringent complete response)
2
7.7%
VGPR (very good partial response)
9
34.6%
PR (partial response)
9
34.6%
SD (stable disease)
5
19.2%
2. Secondary Outcome
Title Median Time to Maximum Response
Description Median Time to maximum response, reported in cycles of treatment. One cycle = 28 days.
Time Frame from baseline to cycle with maximum response

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
25 of the 26 patients enrolled were accessible for response/progression, as one patient expired prior to first response assessment and could not be included in the analysis.
Arm/Group Title T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Arm/Group Description 25 of the 26 patients enrolled onto the were assessed for response/progression, as one patient expired prior to first response assessment and could not be included in the analysis.
Measure Participants 25
Median (Full Range) [cycles]
4
3. Secondary Outcome
Title Event Free Survival
Description
Time Frame from baseline to the time of first event that lead to removal from study (defined as progression, death, withdrawal of consent, or removal for toxicity)

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
[Not Specified]
Arm/Group Title T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Arm/Group Description All 26 patients that were enrolled onto the study were assessed for event free survival.
Measure Participants 26
Median (95% Confidence Interval) [months]
21.5
4. Secondary Outcome
Title Progression Free Survival
Description Progression determined using International Myeloma Working Group criteria, as defined below. An increase of > 25% from lowest response value one or more of the following: Serum M-component and/or (the absolute increase must be > 0.5 g/dL)* Urine M-component and/or (the absolute increase must be > 200 mg/24 h) Only in patients without measurable serum and urine M-protein levels; the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels. The absolute increase must be > 10 mg/dL Bone marrow plasma cell percentage; the absolute percentage must be > 10% Definite development of new bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas or definite increase in the size of existing bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas Development of hypercalcaemia (corrected serum calcium > 11.5 mg/dL or 2.65 mmol/L) that can be attributed solely to the plasma cell proliferative disorder *if starting serum M protein is greater then 5 g/dL, absolute increase of 1g/dL is sufficient to determine relapse.
Time Frame From start of treatment, to the date of first progression

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
25 of the 26 patients enrolled were accessible for response/progression, as one patient expired prior to first response assessment and could not be included in the analysis.
Arm/Group Title T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Arm/Group Description 25 of the 26 patients enrolled onto the were assessed for progression, as one patient expired prior to first response assessment and could not be included in the analysis.
Measure Participants 25
Median (95% Confidence Interval) [months]
35.6

Adverse Events

Time Frame Adverse events (serious and non-serious) were recorded from first dose of study drug, until removal from study (treatment).
Adverse Event Reporting Description
Arm/Group Title T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Arm/Group Description All 26 patients that were enrolled onto the study were assessed for adverse events.
All Cause Mortality
T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
Total 1/26 (3.8%)
Serious Adverse Events
T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
Total 9/26 (34.6%)
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
atrial fibrillation 1/26 (3.8%)
Cardiac disorders
myocardial infarction 1/26 (3.8%)
General disorders
dizziness/fall 1/26 (3.8%)
Infections and infestations
upper respiratory infection 1/26 (3.8%)
sepsis 1/26 (3.8%)
fever 1/26 (3.8%)
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
muscle weakness 1/26 (3.8%)
multiple compression fractures 1/26 (3.8%)
chest pain 1/26 (3.8%)
Renal and urinary disorders
renal insufficiency/Congestive heart failure 1/26 (3.8%)
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
rash (steven johnson syndrome) 1/26 (3.8%)
Vascular disorders
deep vein thrombosis 1/26 (3.8%)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
T-BiRD Therapy (All Patients)
Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
Total 26/26 (100%)
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
lymphopenia 26/26 (100%)
neutropenia 8/26 (30.8%)
anemia 6/26 (23.1%)
thrombocytopenia 3/26 (11.5%)
leukopenia 2/26 (7.7%)
General disorders
dizziness 7/26 (26.9%)
weakness 10/26 (38.5%)
Infections and infestations
unspecified infection 11/26 (42.3%)
bacterial pneumonia 1/26 (3.8%)
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
anorexia/dysgeusia 10/26 (38.5%)
hyperglycemia 5/26 (19.2%)
Psychiatric disorders
psychomotor agitation 2/26 (7.7%)
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
skin rash 14/26 (53.8%)
Vascular disorders
deep vein thrombosis 1/26 (3.8%)

Limitations/Caveats

[Not Specified]

More Information

Certain Agreements

All Principal Investigators ARE employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

The only disclosure restriction on the PI is that the sponsor can review results communications prior to public release and can embargo communications regarding trial results for a period that is less than or equal to 60 days. The sponsor cannot require changes to the communication and cannot extend the embargo.

Results Point of Contact

Name/Title Jennifer Hess
Organization Weill Cornell Medical College
Phone 6469629440
Email jmh2004@med.cornell.edu
Responsible Party:
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT00538733
Other Study ID Numbers:
  • 0707009285
  • RV-MM-PI-238
First Posted:
Oct 3, 2007
Last Update Posted:
May 24, 2021
Last Verified:
Apr 1, 2021