CLAG-M Chemotherapy and Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Donor Stem Cell Transplant for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, or Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia

Sponsor
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center (Other)
Overall Status
Recruiting
CT.gov ID
NCT04375631
Collaborator
National Cancer Institute (NCI) (NIH)
72
1
1
60.9
1.2

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

This phase I trial studies the best dose of total body irradiation when given with CLAG-M chemotherapy reduced-intensity conditioning regimen before stem cell transplant in treating patients with acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia that has come back (relapsed) or does not respond to treatment (refractory). Giving chemotherapy and total body irradiation before a donor peripheral blood stem cell transplant helps kill cancer cells in the body and helps make room in the patient's bone marrow for new blood-forming cells (stem cells) to grow. When the healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into a patient, they may help the patient's bone marrow make more healthy cells and platelets and may help destroy any remaining cancer cells. Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can attack the body's normal cells called graft versus host disease. Giving cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil after the transplant may stop this from happening.

Detailed Description

OUTLINE: This a dose-escalation study of TBI.

Patients receive filgrastim (G-CSF) subcutaneously (SC) daily on days -9 to -4, cladribine intravenously (IV) over 2 hours daily on days -8 to -4, cytarabine IV over 2-4 hours daily on days -8 to -4, and mitoxantrone IV daily on days -8 to -6. If white blood cell (WBC) > 20,000/uL, filgrastim on days -9 and -8 may be omitted at physician discretion. Patients undergo TBI and HCT on day 0.

GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV over 1-2 hours daily on days 3-4, cyclosporine IV over 1-2 hours twice daily (BID) on days 5-60, and mycophenolate mofetil IV or orally (PO) BID on days 5-28 (transplant with related donors) or three times daily (TID) on days 5-35 (transplant with unrelated donors). After day 60, patients continue to receive cyclosporine tapered through day 180 at the discretion of the treating physician in the absence of GVHD.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 100 days, at 6, 12, and 24 months post-transplant, then annually thereafter.

Study Design

Study Type:
Interventional
Anticipated Enrollment :
72 participants
Allocation:
N/A
Intervention Model:
Single Group Assignment
Masking:
None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose:
Treatment
Official Title:
CLAG·M Chemotherapy Followed Immediately by Related/Unrelated Reduced-Intensity Conditioning (RIC) Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Adults With Myeloid Malignancies at High Risk of Relapse: A Phase 1 Study
Actual Study Start Date :
Dec 3, 2020
Anticipated Primary Completion Date :
Dec 31, 2023
Anticipated Study Completion Date :
Dec 31, 2025

Arms and Interventions

Arm Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: Treatment (CLAG-M, TBI, HCT, GVHD prophylaxis)

Patients receive filgrastim SC daily on days -9 to -4, cladribine IV over 2 hours daily on days -8 to -4, cytarabine IV over 2-4 hours daily on days -8 to -4, and mitoxantrone IV daily on days -8 to -6. If WBC > 20,000/uL, filgrastim on days -9 and -8 may be omitted at physician discretion. Patients undergo TBI and HCT on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV over 1-2 hours daily on days 3-4, cyclosporine IV over 1-2 hours BID on days 5-60, and mycophenolate mofetil IV or PO BID on days 5-28 (transplant with related donors) or TID on days 5-35 (transplant with unrelated donors). After day 60, patients continue to receive cyclosporine tapered through day 180 at the discretion of the treating physician in the absence of GVHD.

Drug: Cladribine
Given IV
Other Names:
  • 2-CdA
  • 2CDA
  • CdA
  • Cladribina
  • Leustat
  • Leustatin
  • Leustatine
  • RWJ-26251
  • Drug: Cyclophosphamide
    Given IV
    Other Names:
  • (-)-Cyclophosphamide
  • 2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorine, 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, monohydrate
  • Carloxan
  • Ciclofosfamida
  • Ciclofosfamide
  • Cicloxal
  • Clafen
  • Claphene
  • CP monohydrate
  • CTX
  • CYCLO-cell
  • Cycloblastin
  • Cycloblastine
  • Cyclophospham
  • Cyclophosphamid monohydrate
  • Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate
  • Cyclophosphamidum
  • Cyclophosphan
  • Cyclophosphane
  • Cyclophosphanum
  • Cyclostin
  • Cyclostine
  • Cytophosphan
  • Cytophosphane
  • Cytoxan
  • Fosfaseron
  • Genoxal
  • Genuxal
  • Ledoxina
  • Mitoxan
  • Neosar
  • Revimmune
  • Syklofosfamid
  • WR- 138719
  • Drug: Cyclosporine
    Given IV
    Other Names:
  • 27-400
  • Ciclosporin
  • CsA
  • Cyclosporin
  • Cyclosporin A
  • Cyclosporine Modified
  • Gengraf
  • Neoral
  • OL 27-400
  • Sandimmune
  • SangCya
  • Drug: Cytarabine
    Given IV
    Other Names:
  • .beta.-Cytosine arabinoside
  • 1-.beta.-D-Arabinofuranosyl-4-amino-2(1H)pyrimidinone
  • 1-.beta.-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine
  • 1-Beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-4-amino-2(1H)pyrimidinone
  • 1-Beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine
  • 1.beta.-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine
  • 2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-Amino-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-
  • 2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl-
  • Alexan
  • Ara-C
  • ARA-cell
  • Arabine
  • Arabinofuranosylcytosine
  • Arabinosylcytosine
  • Aracytidine
  • Aracytin
  • Aracytine
  • Beta-cytosine Arabinoside
  • CHX-3311
  • Cytarabinum
  • Cytarbel
  • Cytosar
  • Cytosine Arabinoside
  • Cytosine-.beta.-arabinoside
  • Cytosine-beta-arabinoside
  • Erpalfa
  • Starasid
  • Tarabine PFS
  • U 19920
  • U-19920
  • Udicil
  • WR-28453
  • Biological: Filgrastim
    Given SC
    Other Names:
  • G-CSF
  • Neupogen
  • r-metHuG-CSF
  • Recombinant Methionyl Human Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor
  • rG-CSF
  • Tevagrastim
  • Nivestym
  • Filgrastim-aafi
  • Procedure: Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
    Undergo HCT
    Other Names:
  • HCT
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  • HSCT
  • Stem Cell Transplant
  • stem cell transplantation
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Infusion
  • Drug: Mitoxantrone
    Given IV
    Other Names:
  • Dihydroxyanthracenedione
  • Mitozantrone
  • Drug: Mycophenolate Mofetil
    Given IV or PO
    Other Names:
  • Cellcept
  • MMF
  • Drug: Mycophenolate Sodium
    Given PO
    Other Names:
  • ERL 080
  • ERL 080A
  • Socium Mycophenolate
  • Radiation: Total-Body Irradiation
    Undergo TBI
    Other Names:
  • TBI
  • Total Body Irradiation
  • Whole Body Irradiation
  • Whole-Body Irradiation
  • SCT_TBI
  • Outcome Measures

    Primary Outcome Measures

    1. Rate of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) failure [Within 200 days post-transplant]

      Defined as graft rejection (< 5% donor T-cell chimerism).

    2. Rate of disease progression [Within 200 days post-transplant]

      Defined by European LeukemiaNet (ELN) 2017 criteria and International Working Group (IWG).

    Secondary Outcome Measures

    1. Incidence of adverse events [Up to 100 days post-transplant]

    2. Rates of stem cell engraftment and donor chimerism [At 80 days (+/- 7 days)]

    3. Rates of grades II-IV acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) and chronic GVHD requiring systemic immunosuppressive treatment [Up to 4 years]

    4. Disease response [Up to 4 years]

    5. Duration of remission [Up to 4 years]

    Eligibility Criteria

    Criteria

    Ages Eligible for Study:
    18 Years to 75 Years
    Sexes Eligible for Study:
    All
    Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
    No
    Inclusion Criteria:
    • Age 18-75 years with an Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI) =< 5 for patients over 60 years

    • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (2016 World Health Organization [WHO] criteria) that is either primary refractory (as defined by failure of 2 cycles of 7+3-like chemotherapy, 1 cycle of high-dose cytarabine-based chemotherapy, or at least 2 cycles of venetoclax in combination with other therapies), or is in untreated or unsuccessfully treated first or subsequent relapse. Patients in morphological remission (i.e. < 5% blasts in the bone marrow) but evidence of minimal residual disease (MRD) by multiparameter flow cytometry, cytogenetics/fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), or molecular means will be eligible for trial participation. Patients with relapse or refractory acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage (acute undifferentiated leukemia, mixed phenotype acute leukemia) that is either primary refractory or is in untreated or unsuccessfully treated first or subsequent relapse are also eligible

    • Subjects with previously treated myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), defined as prior treatment with at least one hypomethylating agent (HMA; azacitidine and/or decitabine) whose disease progressed, relapsed, or was refractory to HMA treatment as follows: 1) patients who have failed at least 4 cycles of monotherapy with azacitidine or decitabine, 2) patients who received at least 2 cycles of HMA in combination with another therapeutic agent. Subjects with MDS and CMML who failed at least 1 cycle of induction chemotherapy will be also eligible

    • The use of hydroxyurea prior to initiation of study treatment is allowed. Patients with symptoms/signs of hyperleukocytosis, WBC > 100,000/uL or with concern for other complications of high tumor burden (e.g. disseminated intravascular coagulation) can be treated with leukapheresis or may receive up to 2 doses of cytarabine (up to 500 mg/m^2 per dose) prior to start of study treatment

    • Karnofsky score >= 70; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0-1

    • Adequate cardiac function defined as absence of decompensated congestive heart failure and/or uncontrolled arrhythmia and left ventricular ejection fraction >= 45%

    • Bilirubin =< 2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal unless elevation is thought to be due to hepatic infiltration by AML, Gilbert's syndrome, or hemolysis

    • Adequate pulmonary function defined as absence of oxygen (O2) requirements and either carbon monoxide diffusing capability test (DLCO) correct >= 70% mmHg or DLCO corrected 60-69% mmHg and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) >= 70 mmHg

    • Serum creatinine =< 1.5 mg/dL

    • Prior autologous HCT is permissible if relapse occurred > 3 months but =< 6 months after HCT

    • Prior TBI-containing allogeneic HCT up to 3 Gy is permissible if > 6 months after HCT

    • A human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched or near-matched related or unrelated donor for collection of stimulated peripheral blood stem cells must be identified and readily available

    • Women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception beginning at the signing of the consent until at least 12 months post-transplant

    • Patients may have previously received chemotherapy with a mitoxantrone- or cladribine-based regimen for MDS or AML. If the patient has received CLAG-M before and has been sensitive to this regimen, eligibility will be determined on a case-by-case basis by the study principal investigator (PI)

    • Ability to understand and sign a written informed consent document (or legal representative)

    • DONOR: Patients must have an HLA-matched related donor or an HLA-matched unrelated donor who meets standard SCCA and/or National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) or other donor center criteria for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donation as follows:

    • Related donor: related to the patient and genotypically or phenotypically identical for HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1. Phenotypic identity must be confirmed by high-resolution typing

    • Unrelated donor:

    • Matched for HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 by high resolution typing; OR

    • Mismatched for a single allele without antigen mismatching at HLA-A, B, or C as defined by high resolution typing but otherwise matched for HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 by high resolution typing

    • Donors are excluded when preexisting immunoreactivity is identified that would jeopardize donor hematopoietic cell engraftment. The recommended procedure for patients with 10 of 10 HLA allele level (phenotypic) match is to obtain panel reactive antibody (PRA) screens to class I and class II antigens for all patients before HCT. If the PRA shows > 10% activity, then flow cytometric or B and T cell cytotoxic cross matches should be obtained. The donor should be excluded if any of the cytotoxic cross match assays are positive. For those patients with an HLA class I allele mismatch, flow cytometric or B and T cell cytotoxic cross matches should be obtained regardless of the PRA results. A positive anti-donor cytotoxic crossmatch is an absolute donor exclusion

    • Patient and donor pairs homozygous at a mismatched allele in the graft rejection vector are considered a two-allele mismatch, i.e., the patient is A0101 and the donor is A0102, and this type of mismatch is not allowed

    Exclusion Criteria:
    • Patients >= 18 years being treated at Seattle Children's Hospital

    • Active central nervous system (CNS) disease

    • Concomitant illness associated with a likely survival of < 1 year

    • Active systemic fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection, unless disease is under treatment with anti-microbials and/or controlled or stable. Patients with fever thought to be likely secondary to myeloid malignancy are eligible

    • Known hypersensitivity or contraindication to any study drug used in this trial

    • Pregnancy or lactation

    • Concurrent treatment with any other approved or investigational anti-leukemia agent

    Contacts and Locations

    Locations

    Site City State Country Postal Code
    1 Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium Seattle Washington United States 98109

    Sponsors and Collaborators

    • Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
    • National Cancer Institute (NCI)

    Investigators

    • Principal Investigator: Filippo Milano, Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium

    Study Documents (Full-Text)

    None provided.

    More Information

    Publications

    None provided.
    Responsible Party:
    Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
    ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
    NCT04375631
    Other Study ID Numbers:
    • RG1006914
    • NCI-2020-02616
    • RG1006914
    • P30CA015704
    • 10457
    First Posted:
    May 5, 2020
    Last Update Posted:
    Mar 21, 2022
    Last Verified:
    Mar 1, 2022

    Study Results

    No Results Posted as of Mar 21, 2022