TB SCRIPT: TB Screening Improves Preventive Therapy Uptake
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
HIV-infected people have an increased risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). To reduce the burden of TB among people living with HIV (PLHIV), the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends systematic TB screening followed by 1) confirmatory TB testing for all those who screen positive and 2) TB preventive therapy (TPT) for all TPT-eligible PLHIV who screen negative.
The objective of the TB Screening Improves Preventive Therapy Uptake (TB SCRIPT) trial is to determine whether TB screening based on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, measured using a rapid and low-cost point-of-care (POC) assay, improves TPT uptake and clinical outcomes of PLHIV, relative to symptom-based TB screening.
Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
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N/A |
Detailed Description
The overall objective of the TB SCRIPT trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of POC CRP-based TB screening, which is the next step required for successful scale-up of both systematic TB screening and TPT. The study's central hypothesis is that compared to symptom-based TB screening, a TB screening strategy based on CRP levels measured at the point-of-care will improve TPT uptake, thereby reducing TB incidence and its associated mortality among PLHIV.
To test this hypothesis, the investigators will conduct an individual randomized control trial enrolling PLHIV presenting to clinics in Uganda for routine antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Eligible participants will be randomized to either POC CRP-based TB screening (intervention arm) or symptom-based TB screening (control arm). In both arms, screen-positive participants will undergo confirmatory TB testing; participants found to have prevalent TB will be initiated on standard TB treatment. In both arms, screen-negative participants will be assessed for TPT eligibility; TPT-eligible participants will be initiated on standard TPT. All participants will be followed for 2 years.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
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Experimental: POC CRP-based TB screening Participants randomized to the intervention arm will undergo POC CRP-based TB screening at study entry. Participants with elevated POC CRP levels (≥8 mg/L) will be regarded as screen-positive and will be referred for confirmatory TB testing. Participants with non-elevated POC CRP levels (<8 mg/L) will be regarded as screen-negative and will be assessed for TPT eligibility. |
Device: CRP, point-of-care assay
CRP is a non-specific marker of inflammation whose levels rise in the setting of interleukin 6 (IL-6)-mediated inflammation, such as active TB. In clinical settings, CRP is used to identify patients with systemic inflammation from infection or non-infectious cases. In settings with high TB prevalence, the investigators hypothesize that CRP can be used to accurately screen individuals for active TB (i.e., distinguish individuals with high likelihood of having active TB from those individuals unlikely to have active TB).
Other Names:
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No Intervention: Symptom-based TB screening Participants randomized to the control arm will undergo symptom-based TB screening at study entry. Participants reporting ≥1 TB symptom (current cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss) will be regarded as screen-positive and will be referred for confirmatory TB testing, in accordance with WHO guidelines. Participants with none of the 4 TB symptoms will be regarded as screen-negative and will be assessed for TPT eligibility. |
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Microbiologically-confirmed incident TB and all-cause mortality [two years]
Time to first diagnosis of microbiologically-confirmed incident TB or death from any cause
Secondary Outcome Measures
- TB incidence: number diagnosed [two years]
Number diagnosed with microbiologically-confirmed incident TB
- TB incidence: incidence [two years]
Incidence of microbiologically-confirmed TB (excluding prevalent TB cases)
- TB incidence: Time to microbiologically-confirmed incident TB diagnosis [two years]
Days from three months post-enrollment to incident TB diagnosis (or censoring)
- TB incidence: incidence rate [two years]
Incident rate of microbiologically-confirmed TB
- TB incidence: drug resistant TB [two years]
Number diagnosed with drug-resistant incident TB
- TB incidence: drug resistant TB among people receiving TPT [two years]
Proportion of participants receiving TPT diagnosed with incident drug resistant TB
- Mortality: number of deaths from any cause [two years]
Number who died from any cause
- Mortality: time to death from any cause [two years]
Number of days from enrollment to death from any cause
- Mortality: all-cause death rate [two years]
Rate of deaths from any cause
- Mortality: number who died from TB [two years]
Number who died from confirmed or probable TB
- TPT uptake: number screen-negatives prescribed TPT [two years]
Number of screen-negatives prescribed TPT
- TPT uptake: number screen-positives prescribed TPT [two years]
Number screen-positives prescribed TPT
- TPT uptake: number initiated on TPT [two years]
Number screen-negatives prescribed TPT + number screen-positives prescribed TPT
- TPT uptake: time to TPT initiation [two years]
Days from baseline TB screening to initiation of TPT
- TPT uptake: number completing TPT [two years]
Number initiated on TPT who completed ≥90% of treatment over prescribed TPT period
- Prevalent TB diagnosis: number microbiologically-confirmed prevalent TB cases detected by screening test [two years]
Number screen-positives diagnosed with prevalent TB
- Prevalent TB diagnosis: number microbiologically-confirmed prevalent TB cases missed by screening test [two years]
Number screen-negatives diagnosed with prevalent TB
- Prevalent TB diagnosis: number diagnosed with microbiologically-confirmed prevalent TB [two years]
Number screen-positives diagnosed with prevalent TB + number screen-negatives diagnosed with prevalent TB
- Prevalent TB treatment: Number treated for prevalent TB [two years]
Number initiated on TB treatment 3 months or less after study entry
- Prevalent TB treatment: number with microbiologically-confirmed prevalent TB completing treatment [two years]
Number diagnosed and treated who completed treatment
- Prevalent TB treatment: time to treatment of microbiologically-confirmed prevalent TB [two years]
Days from prevalent TB diagnosis to initiation of TB treatment
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
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Age ≥ 18 years
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Confirmed HIV+ test result
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CD4 T lymphocyte count of ≤ 350 cells/μL
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Capacity to provide written (or witnessed verbal, if illiterate) informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
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Completed treatment for active pulmonary or extra-pulmonary TB within the past 2 years
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Completed a full course of TPT within the past year
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Actively taking any internationally-approved medication for TB treatment for any reason, within 2 weeks of study entry
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Prior history of combined ART for HIV treatment for any duration (does not include single-dose ART for prevention of vertical transmission of HIV)
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Currently resides 25 km outside their enrollment site, plans to move 25 km outside their enrollment site in the next 2 years, or plans to transfer their HIV care from their current enrollment site
Contacts and Locations
Locations
Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
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1 | Kampala Capital City Authority Clinic | Kampala | Uganda |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- University of California, San Francisco
- Makerere University
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Uganda
- Johns Hopkins University
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Christina Yoon, MD, University of California, San Francisco
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
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