Effects of Ai Chi on Scapular Muscle Activation in Overhead Athletes With Scapular Dyskinesis

Sponsor

National Taiwan University Hospital (Other)

Overall Status

Active, not recruiting

CT.gov ID

NCT05714163

Collaborator

(none)

Enrollment

Location

9.5

Anticipated Duration (Months)

2.6

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

Scapular dyskinesis (SD) is common in overhead athletes and negatively influence the athletes' performance, increasing the risk of shoulder injury. The kinetic chain (KC) exercises for SD rehabilitation that emphasize importance of core strength and scapula stability during skillful performance. Ai Chi, the aquatic exercises performed in functional positions, which are adequate for power transfer of KC. This study will investigate the effect of KC-based water exercises, Ai Chi, on scapular muscles in overhead athletes with SD.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Scapular Dyskinesis Athletic Injuries Muscle Weakness Overuse Injury

Detailed Description

The purpose of this study is to investigate muscle activations of the upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), serratus anterior (SA), latissimus dorsi (LD), and muscle balance ratios of UT/LT, UT/SA I in overhead athletes with SD via KC-based exercise in water and on land. KC-based exercises including the movement patterns of Ai Chi which consist of shoulder flexion/ extension, horizontal abduction/ adduction, internal and external rotation, scapular protraction/retraction combined with spinal rotation.

Study Design

Study Type:

Observational

Anticipated Enrollment :

25 participants

Observational Model:

Other

Time Perspective:

Cross-Sectional

Official Title:

Effects of Ai Chi on Scapular Muscle Activation in Overhead Athletes With Scapular Dyskinesis

Actual Study Start Date :

Oct 16, 2022

Anticipated Primary Completion Date :

Jul 31, 2023

Anticipated Study Completion Date :

Jul 31, 2023

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction of upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), serratus anterior (SA), latissimus dorsi (LD) [Through study completion, an average of 10 months]
The muscle activity of UT, LT, SA and LD of the dominant hand will be recorded for 3 trials of each exercises with 3-seconds concentric phase and 3-seconds eccentric phase. There is a 3-second rest between trails and one-minute rest between exercises.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Muscle balance ratio of UT/SA [Through study completion, an average of 10 months]
The muscle balance ratio will be calculated to represent the conditions of these force couples in scapular region.
Muscle balance ratio of UT/LT [Through study completion, an average of 10 months]
The muscle balance ratio will be calculated to represent the conditions of these force couples in scapular region.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

20 Years to 99 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Inclusion Criteria:

The participants are overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis (SD) who played overhead sports activities at least 3 hours/week.

Exclusion Criteria:

the individuals who have shoulder/neck pain in recent 3 months (VAS >7/10)
severe shoulder trauma (the collision shoulder, shoulder sprains or strains)
severe scoliosis (Cobb angle > 25 degrees)
surgery of upper extremity (the shoulder, cervical spine and elbow) or cervical spine
peripheral nerve injury or neurological disease (impaired sensation or motor function: numbness, tingle, muscle weakness)
body mass index (BMI) >25
infectious disease (upper respiratory tract infection, skin infection, etc.)