Analyze the Relationship Between the Density of Fat Tissue and Cellulite With the Lumbar Lordosis Degree

Sponsor

Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto (Other)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT02903459

Collaborator

(none)

Enrollment

Location

Duration (Months)

1.5

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The aim of this study is analyze the relationship between the density of visceral and subcutaneous fat and cellulite with the lumbar lordosis degree.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Lordosis	Other: Transversal Study so there is no intervention

Detailed Description

There are two types of abdominal fat: subcutaneous adipose tissue which is more superficial, lying above the abdominal muscle wall and visceral adipose tissue, corresponding to the intra-abdominal fat witch is more harmful to health.

The accumulation of fat tissue differs between genders and age. Men have a huge propensity for developing central fat and women accumulate more subcutaneous fat tissue on the gluteal-femoral region. Some authors suggest that the accumulation of fat tissue increases with age.

Several studies have concluded that there is a relationship between the abdominal fat storage and the degree of lumbar curvature.

In addition, some authors also suggest that there is a relationship between the degree of lumbar lordosis and cellulite, which is related to circulatory changes.

However these relationships are not yet clarified in the literature.

Study Design

Study Type:

Observational

Actual Enrollment :

20 participants

Observational Model:

Case-Only

Time Perspective:

Retrospective

Official Title:

Analyze the Relationship Between the Density of Abdominal Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat and Cellulite With the Lumbar

Study Start Date :

Jun 1, 2016

Actual Primary Completion Date :

Oct 1, 2016

Actual Study Completion Date :

Jul 1, 2017

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Males Evaluation of body mass index, determination of waist-to-hip ration and waist-to-height ration, using perimetry; evaluation of 7 skinfold according to the model 7-site-skinfold Equation, by Jackson and Pollock, and photogrammetry (to evaluate the lumbar lordosis degree) in males aged between 18 and 26.	Other: Transversal Study so there is no intervention
Young Adults Evaluation of abdominal thickness, percentage of abdominal fat and photogrammetry (to evaluate the lumbar lordosis degree) in young adults females aged between 18-26.	Other: Transversal Study so there is no intervention
Adults Evaluation of abdominal thickness, percentage of abdominal fat and photogrammetry (to evaluate the lumbar lordosis degree) in adult females aged between 40-60.	Other: Transversal Study so there is no intervention
Females Evaluation of body mass index, determination of waist-to-hip ration and waist-to-height ration using perimetry, evaluation of 7 skinfold according to the model 7-site-skinfold Equation, by Jackson and Pollock, and photogrammetry (to evaluate the lumbar lordosis degree) in females aged between 18 and 26.	Other: Transversal Study so there is no intervention

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Evaluation of Lumbar Lordosis by analysing photos of the lateral right side of the participants [Day 1]
We used photogrammetry for this evaluation. We marked the anatomical points (T11, L1, S2 and Antero-superior Iliac Spine) with isopod balls. We took a picture of the right lateral view of the participant. Finally we used the SAPo software to measure free angles to determinate lumbar lordosis degree.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Body Mass Index [Day 1]
The height was measured by a tape-measure. We used the bioimpedance balance to determinate the body mass of the participants. BMI was calculated by using the body weight divided by height squared.
Perimeters measurements using a tape-measure at waist level and at trochanters level at the end of expiration [Day 1]
The perimeters measurements were done at the end of expiration, at waist level and at trochanters level. The waist-hip ratio was calculated by using the waist level perimeter divided by trochanters level perimeter and the waist-to-height ratio was calculated by using the waist level perimeter divided by height
Skinfold measures [Day 1]
Subscapular, tricipital, chest, axillar, suprailiac, abdominal, thick skinfolds were performed three times in right hemibody, by caliper according to the model 7-site-skinfold Equation, by Jackson and Pollock. Siri equation was used to determinate the percentage of total body fat.
Bioimpedance Balance [Day 1]
This instrument was used to determine the weight, the percentage of body and abdominal fat, the visceral index and the percentage of body and abdominal lean mass.
Ecograph [Day 1]
It was used for distinguishing of abdominal thickness fat (differentiate the fat in visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue) and in order to obtain the thickness of the subcutaneous adipose tissue at the points of maximum and minimum temperature on the gluteal region.
Thermography [Day 1]
Measurement of skin temperature in the gluteal region to obtain the average, the minimum and the maximum temperature on this area.
Cellulite Grading Scale [Day 1]
6 Photos were taken in the posterior and lateral (right and left) views, 3 in relaxation and 3 in gluteal isometric contraction.

Other Outcome Measures

International Physical Activity Questionnaire [Day 1]
International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to monitor lifestyle
Food Frequency Questionnaire [Day 1]
Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to monitor lifestyle

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years to 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Yes

Inclusion Criteria: All the community of the School of Allied Health Technologies; aged between 18-60

Exclusion Criteria: Pathologies (cardiovascular, metabolic, cancer, respiratory, muscular); pregnancy; abdominoplasty; collum and gluteal surgeries; deregulated menstrual cycle ; anatomical changes; anticelulitic treatments