Buspirone Therapy for Localized Epilepsy

• Sponsor: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) (NIH)
• Overall Status: Terminated
• CT.gov ID: NCT01496612
• Collaborator: (none)
• Enrollment: 9
• Location: 1
• Arms: 2
• Duration (Months): 52.9
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 0.2

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

Background:

Buspirone is a drug that is approved for the treatment of anxiety in adults. Studies suggest that buspirone might act on parts of the brain that can increase certain levels of brain activity. Increasing this brain activity may help decrease epileptic seizures that come from certain parts of the brain. Researchers want to see if buspirone can reduce seizure frequency in people with seizures who are already taking antiseizure medication.

Objectives:

To test whether buspirone can reduce the frequency of seizures in people whose seizures seem to start from one part of the brain.

Eligibility:

Individuals between 18 and 65 years of age who have seizures coming from one or more places in the brain.

Participants must have tried at least two different antiseizure medications.

Participants must also have had at least three seizures during a 1-month observation period while on current medicines.

Design:

Participants will have a screening visit with a physical exam and medical history. Participants will complete mood and memory testing scales. Blood, urine, and saliva samples will be collected.

Participants will have a magnetic resonance imaging scan to evaluate brain structures that relate to epilepsy. They will also have a positron emission tomography scan to look at parts of the brain that are affected by buspirone.

Participants will start taking a study drug (either buspirone or placebo) twice daily. They will keep a calendar of seizures and record any side effects. Treatment will be monitored with clinic visits and blood samples.

After 12 weeks on the study drug, participants will gradually stop taking either the placebo or buspirone over two weeks. They will stay off the drug for another 2 weeks.

After 2 weeks, participants will start taking a study drug that is the opposite of the one they had before. They will keep a calendar of seizures and record any side effects. Treatment will be monitored with clinic visits and blood samples.

After 12 weeks on the study drug, participants will gradually stop taking either the placebo or buspirone.

Participants will have a final followup visit with additional blood tests, mood and memory testing scales and imaging studies.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Anxiety Disorder; Seizures; Epilepsy; Partial Epilepsy; Depression	Drug: Buspirone; Drug: Placebo	Phase 2

Detailed Description

OBJECTIVE:

To initiate a pilot clinical trial assessing the safety, tolerability and efficacy of the 5HT1A receptor agonist buspirone in patients with localization-related epilepsy. Buspirone is a 5HT1A receptor agonist that is approved for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Patients with localization-related epilepsy have reduced 5HT1A receptor binding on 18FCWAY positron emission tomography (PET). Increasing neurotransmitter activity at 5HT1A receptor sites may ameliorate seizures.

STUDY POPULATION:

Forty patients with localization-related epilepsy

DESIGN:

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over, phase II clinical trial.

The trial will have a screening phase in which each patient will undergo physical and neurological examination, and standard blood tests, followed by a one month baseline phase. At the end of baseline, patients who qualify will have neuropsychological, anxiety, and mood evaluation, FCWAY PET and MRI (if imaging was not performed already). During the subsequent first study phase, patients will be randomized to buspirone or matching placebo. After completion of the first study phase, patients will be crossed over to the alternate study arm. At the end of the study, any patient who wishes to do so may remain on open-label buspirone.

OUTCOME MEASURES:

1. Difference in seizure rate comparing the 3 month placebo and active study phases

2. Neuropsychological, anxiety, and mood indices comparing the 3 month placebo and active study drug phases

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional
• Actual Enrollment: 9 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: A Phase Two Clinical Trial of Buspirone Therapy in Localization-Related Epilepsy
• Study Start Date: Nov 22, 2011
• Actual Primary Completion Date: Apr 19, 2016
• Actual Study Completion Date: Apr 19, 2016

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: Study Phase	Drug: Buspirone
Placebo Comparator: Alternate Study Phase	Drug: Placebo

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. Seizure Frequency in the Buspirone (Active) and Placebo Periods [Three months]

   Participants utilized a seizure calendar to record the number of seizures that occurred during the three month treatment period, i.e., while participants were either taking Buspirone or Placebo. Seizure frequency was calculated as the total number of seizures occurring during each three month period. For each period a mean was calculated across subjects.

Secondary Outcome Measures

1. Mean Score on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) at the End of the Active and Placebo Periods. [Three months]

   Participants were administered the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) at the end of each three month treatment period, i.e., while participants were either on Buspirone or Placebo. The HAM-A measures an individual's severity of anxiety symptoms. The scale consists of 14 parameters, each defined by a series of symptoms. Each group of symptoms is scored on a scale of 0 (not present) to 4 (severe), with a total score range of 0-56, where <17 indicates mild anxiety, 18-24 mild to moderate anxiety and 25-30 moderate to severe anxiety.

2. Mean Score on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) at the End of the Active and Placebo Periods [Three months]

   The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) was administered to participants at the end of each treatment period. The HAM-D is a multiple item questionnaire used to provide an indication of depression. The questionnaire is designed for adults and is used to rate the severity of their depression by probing mood, feelings of guilt, suicide ideation, insomnia, agitation or retardation, anxiety, weight loss, and somatic symptoms. Although the HAM-D form lists 21 items, the scoring is based on the first 17 items. Eight items are scored on a 5-point scale, ranging from 0 = not present to 4 = severe. Nine items are scored from 0-2 with 0 = absent and 2 = frequent or severe. Scores range from 0 to 50 with a score of 0-7 representing normal and a score >/= 23 representing very severe depression.

3. Mean Score on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at the End of the Active and Placebo Periods [Three months]

   The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-item test presented in multiple-choice format, which measures presence and degree of depression in adolescents and adults. The BDI evaluates 21 symptoms of depression. The 21 items cover sadness, pessimism, past failure, self-dislike, self-criticism, suicidal thoughts or wishes, crying, agitation, loss of interest, indecisiveness, worthlessness, loss of energy, changes in sleeping patterns, irritability, changes in appetite, difficulty concentrating, tiredness or fatigue, and loss of interest in sex. Each answer is scored on a scale value of 0-3 with 0 indicating absence of symptom and a 3 indicating severe symptom. The total range of possible scores is 0-63. A total score of <10 indicates no or minimal depression,10-18 indicates mild-to-moderate depression,19-29 indicates moderate-to-severe depression, and 30+ indicates severe depression.

4. Mean Score on the Cancellation Task Following 3 Months on Active Drug and 3 Months on Placebo [Three months]

   The WAIS-IV Cancellation Subtest assesses processing speed and attention. It is a timed test with two sequential forms, A & B. Each form requires the participant to scan an array of colored shapes (e.g., triangle, circle) randomly arranged. The participant is given 45 seconds to mark (i.e. cross out) as many of the two designated geometric shapes in the total array as possible. Cancellation scores are based on the number of correct responses minus the number of incorrect responses completed in the allotted time. The total correct for the two forms is converted to a single scaled score based on age-corrected normative data with a mean of 10 +/- 3 and a range of 1 to 19. The mean is 10 +/-3; thus a typical age corrected score is between 8 and 11; the higher the number the better the score. A low score (<8) is progressively more impaired, the lower the score. A high score (>12) indicates more efficiency and better attention than compared to others the same age.

5. Mean Score on the Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A) Following 3 Months on Active Drug and 3 Months on Placebo [Three months]

   The Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A) measures visual scanning and rote memory. The participant is asked to draw a line between 24 consecutive numbered circles randomly arranged on a page. The TMT-A is scored by how long it takes to complete the test. An average score for TMT-A is 29 seconds and a deficient score is >78 seconds.

6. Mean Score on the Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B) Following 3 Months on Active Drug and 3 Months on Placebo [Three months]

   The Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B) measures visual scanning and executive functioning. The participant is asked to draw a line between 24 consecutive numbered and lettered circles randomly arranged on a page. The participant is required to switch between numbers and letters in consecutive order. The TMT-B is scored by how long it takes to complete the test. An average score for TMT-B is 75 seconds and a deficient score is >273 seconds.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years to 65 Years
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• INCLUSION CRITERIA:

• Patients may be male or female.

• Patients will be aged 18 65

• Patients must have at least 3 seizures during the one-month baseline.

• Localization-related epilepsy diagnosed by standard clinical criteria that has not responded to treatment with two standard antiepileptic drugs either sequentially or in combination.

• Patients must be able to provide informed consent

• Patients must be able to remain on their baseline AED drugs and doses throughout the study

• Patients must be able to use seizure calendars to record seizures throughout the trial.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

• Pregnant patients will not participate in the study.

• During the study, women of child-bearing potential must use a reliable method of birth control and will have pregnancy testing throughout the protocol.

• Use of any alcohol or recreational drugs starting two weeks before entering baseline and for the duration of the study.

• Patients on medications with potential for a clinically significant interaction with buspirone, including MAO inhibitors, clozapine, zolpidem, hypnotics, hydromorphone derivatives, oxycodone, and diltiazem.

• Current treatment for psychiatric disorder other than depression, anxiety or bipolar disorder.

• Patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

• Current treatment for another significant medical disorder, such as diabetes, or heart disease, or an untreated disorder, that might interfere with the study.

• Calculated Creatinine clearance of less than 80 ml/min calculated with the

Cockcroft-Gault formula:

• Clcr = [(140-age) times ideal body weight in Kg] times (0.85 if female) divided by (72 times serum Cr in mg/dL)

• Evidence of impaired liver function based on serum chemistries.

• Inability to participate in the study procedures, such as MRI, PET, seizure and adverse event recording, or drug titration

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike	Bethesda	Maryland	United States	20892

Sponsors and Collaborators

• National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: William H Theodore, M.D., National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Publications

• Alper K, Schwartz KA, Kolts RL, Khan A. Seizure incidence in psychopharmacological clinical trials: an analysis of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) summary basis of approval reports. Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Aug 15;62(4):345-54. Epub 2007 Jan 16.
• Berg AT, Berkovic SF, Brodie MJ, Buchhalter J, Cross JH, van Emde Boas W, Engel J, French J, Glauser TA, Mathern GW, Moshé SL, Nordli D, Plouin P, Scheffer IE. Revised terminology and concepts for organization of seizures and epilepsies: report of the ILAE Commission on Classification and Terminology, 2005-2009. Epilepsia. 2010 Apr;51(4):676-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02522.x. Epub 2010 Feb 26.
• Bhagwagar Z, Rabiner EA, Sargent PA, Grasby PM, Cowen PJ. Persistent reduction in brain serotonin1A receptor binding in recovered depressed men measured by positron emission tomography with [11C]WAY-100635. Mol Psychiatry. 2004 Apr;9(4):386-92.

• Responsible Party: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01496612
• Other Study ID Numbers: 120033; 12-N-0033
• First Posted: Dec 21, 2011
• Last Update Posted: Oct 5, 2021
• Last Verified: Apr 19, 2016

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No
• Keywords provided by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS): Epilepsy; Temporal Lobe Epilepsy; Serotonin 1A Receptor; Seizures
• Additional relevant MeSH terms: Epilepsy; Seizures; Epilepsies, Partial; Anxiety Disorders; Buspirone

Study Results

Participant Flow

Recruitment Details	Participants were recruited from referrals to the NINDS Clinical Epilepsy Section. In addition, self-referral was permitted.
Pre-assignment Detail	Nine participants were consented to the protocol. Two participants decided not to participate prior to baseline and randomization.

Arm/Group Title	Buspirone Then Placebo	Placebo Then Buspirone
Arm/Group Description	Participants were administered Buspirone, followed by a washout period, and then administered Placebo	Participants were administered Placebo, followed by a washout period, and then administered Buspirone
Period Title: 1st Intervention
STARTED	3	4
COMPLETED	1	4
NOT COMPLETED	2	0
Period Title: 1st Intervention
STARTED	1	4
COMPLETED	1	4
NOT COMPLETED	0	0

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	All Participants
Arm/Group Description	All participants enrolled in the study
Overall Participants	7
Age (Count of Participants)
<=18 years	0 0%
Between 18 and 65 years	7 100%
>=65 years	0 0%
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	5 71.4%
Male	2 28.6%

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	Seizure Frequency in the Buspirone (Active) and Placebo Periods
Description	Participants utilized a seizure calendar to record the number of seizures that occurred during the three month treatment period, i.e., while participants were either taking Buspirone or Placebo. Seizure frequency was calculated as the total number of seizures occurring during each three month period. For each period a mean was calculated across subjects.
Time Frame	Three months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Buspirone	Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Participants with epilepsy receiving Buspirone	Participants with epilepsy receiving Placebo
Measure Participants	5	5
Mean (Standard Deviation) [number of seizures]	33.2 (25.51)	31.2 (32.57)

2. Secondary Outcome

Title	Mean Score on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) at the End of the Active and Placebo Periods.
Description	Participants were administered the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) at the end of each three month treatment period, i.e., while participants were either on Buspirone or Placebo. The HAM-A measures an individual's severity of anxiety symptoms. The scale consists of 14 parameters, each defined by a series of symptoms. Each group of symptoms is scored on a scale of 0 (not present) to 4 (severe), with a total score range of 0-56, where <17 indicates mild anxiety, 18-24 mild to moderate anxiety and 25-30 moderate to severe anxiety.
Time Frame	Three months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

One participant in the Placebo group did not complete the HAM-A scale.

Arm/Group Title	Buspirone	Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Participants with epilepsy receiving Buspirone	Participants with epilepsy receiving Placebo
Measure Participants	5	4
Mean (Standard Deviation) [score on a scale]	.80 (.45)	2 (.82)

3. Secondary Outcome

Title	Mean Score on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) at the End of the Active and Placebo Periods
Description	The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) was administered to participants at the end of each treatment period. The HAM-D is a multiple item questionnaire used to provide an indication of depression. The questionnaire is designed for adults and is used to rate the severity of their depression by probing mood, feelings of guilt, suicide ideation, insomnia, agitation or retardation, anxiety, weight loss, and somatic symptoms. Although the HAM-D form lists 21 items, the scoring is based on the first 17 items. Eight items are scored on a 5-point scale, ranging from 0 = not present to 4 = severe. Nine items are scored from 0-2 with 0 = absent and 2 = frequent or severe. Scores range from 0 to 50 with a score of 0-7 representing normal and a score >/= 23 representing very severe depression.
Time Frame	Three months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Buspirone	Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Participants with epilepsy receiving Buspirone	Participants with epilepsy receiving Placebo
Measure Participants	5	5
Mean (Standard Deviation) [score on a scale]	1.40 (1.14)	2.40 (1.82)

4. Secondary Outcome

Title	Mean Score on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at the End of the Active and Placebo Periods
Description	The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-item test presented in multiple-choice format, which measures presence and degree of depression in adolescents and adults. The BDI evaluates 21 symptoms of depression. The 21 items cover sadness, pessimism, past failure, self-dislike, self-criticism, suicidal thoughts or wishes, crying, agitation, loss of interest, indecisiveness, worthlessness, loss of energy, changes in sleeping patterns, irritability, changes in appetite, difficulty concentrating, tiredness or fatigue, and loss of interest in sex. Each answer is scored on a scale value of 0-3 with 0 indicating absence of symptom and a 3 indicating severe symptom. The total range of possible scores is 0-63. A total score of <10 indicates no or minimal depression,10-18 indicates mild-to-moderate depression,19-29 indicates moderate-to-severe depression, and 30+ indicates severe depression.
Time Frame	Three months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Buspirone	Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Participants with epilepsy receiving Buspirone	Participants with epilepsy receiving Placebo
Measure Participants	5	5
Mean (Standard Deviation) [score on a scale]	.80 (.84)	1.8 (2.49)

5. Secondary Outcome

Title	Mean Score on the Cancellation Task Following 3 Months on Active Drug and 3 Months on Placebo
Description	The WAIS-IV Cancellation Subtest assesses processing speed and attention. It is a timed test with two sequential forms, A & B. Each form requires the participant to scan an array of colored shapes (e.g., triangle, circle) randomly arranged. The participant is given 45 seconds to mark (i.e. cross out) as many of the two designated geometric shapes in the total array as possible. Cancellation scores are based on the number of correct responses minus the number of incorrect responses completed in the allotted time. The total correct for the two forms is converted to a single scaled score based on age-corrected normative data with a mean of 10 +/- 3 and a range of 1 to 19. The mean is 10 +/-3; thus a typical age corrected score is between 8 and 11; the higher the number the better the score. A low score (<8) is progressively more impaired, the lower the score. A high score (>12) indicates more efficiency and better attention than compared to others the same age.
Time Frame	Three months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Buspirone	Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Participants with epilepsy receiving Buspirone	Participants with epilepsy receiving Placebo
Measure Participants	5	5
Mean (Standard Deviation) [score on a scale]	7.6 (1.67)	9.8 (.84)

6. Secondary Outcome

Title	Mean Score on the Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A) Following 3 Months on Active Drug and 3 Months on Placebo
Description	The Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A) measures visual scanning and rote memory. The participant is asked to draw a line between 24 consecutive numbered circles randomly arranged on a page. The TMT-A is scored by how long it takes to complete the test. An average score for TMT-A is 29 seconds and a deficient score is >78 seconds.
Time Frame	Three months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Buspirone	Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Participants with epilepsy receiving Buspirone	Participants with epilepsy receiving Placebo
Measure Participants	5	5
Mean (Standard Deviation) [Seconds]	47 (4.36)	43.8 (12.87)

7. Secondary Outcome

Title	Mean Score on the Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B) Following 3 Months on Active Drug and 3 Months on Placebo
Description	The Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B) measures visual scanning and executive functioning. The participant is asked to draw a line between 24 consecutive numbered and lettered circles randomly arranged on a page. The participant is required to switch between numbers and letters in consecutive order. The TMT-B is scored by how long it takes to complete the test. An average score for TMT-B is 75 seconds and a deficient score is >273 seconds.
Time Frame	Three months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Buspirone	Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Participants with epilepsy receiving Buspirone	Participants with epilepsy receiving Placebo
Measure Participants	5	5
Mean (Standard Deviation) [Seconds]	43.4 (9.74)	46 (4.36)

Adverse Events

Time Frame	Intervention 1 was 3 months, followed by a two week titration and 2 week Washout period. Intervention 2 was 3 months, followed by a two week titration and 1 day washout period.
Arm/Group Title	Buspirone		Washout Period Following Buspirone		Placebo		Washout Period Following Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Events occurring while participants on Buspirone x3 months		Events occurring during the washout period following 3 months of Buspirone		Events occurring while participants were taking Placebo x3 months		Events occurring during the washout period following 3 months of Placebo
All Cause Mortality
	Buspirone		Washout Period Following Buspirone		Placebo		Washout Period Following Placebo
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/7 (0%)		0/7 (0%)		0/5 (0%)		0/5 (0%)
Serious Adverse Events
	Buspirone		Washout Period Following Buspirone		Placebo		Washout Period Following Placebo
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/7 (0%)		0/7 (0%)		0/5 (0%)		0/5 (0%)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	Buspirone		Washout Period Following Buspirone		Placebo		Washout Period Following Placebo
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	6/7 (85.7%)		4/7 (57.1%)		3/5 (60%)		3/5 (60%)
Cardiac disorders
Palpitations	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Chest pain	1/7 (14.3%)	2	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Eye disorders
Itchy eyes	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea with/without vomitting	1/7 (14.3%)	2	1/7 (14.3%)	1	1/5 (20%)	2	0/5 (0%)	0
Diarrhea	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	2	0/5 (0%)	0
Abdominal pain	1/7 (14.3%)	4	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Dry mouth	2/7 (28.6%)	2	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
General disorders
Fatigue	2/7 (28.6%)	2	2/7 (28.6%)	2	2/5 (40%)	2	2/5 (40%)	2
Infections and infestations
Sore throat	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthritis	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Back pain	2/7 (28.6%)	2	2/7 (28.6%)	2	1/5 (20%)	1	1/5 (20%)	1
Nervous system disorders
Confusion	1/7 (14.3%)	1	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Sleepy	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	2	1/5 (20%)	1
Headache	1/7 (14.3%)	3	1/7 (14.3%)	1	1/5 (20%)	3	1/5 (20%)	1
Poor Memory	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	1/5 (20%)	1
Fall with seizure	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Dizziness	3/7 (42.9%)	6	1/7 (14.3%)	1	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Lightheaded	2/7 (28.6%)	2	1/7 (14.3%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Poor balance	2/7 (28.6%)	2	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Dysphasia	1/7 (14.3%)	1	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Psychiatric disorders
Labile	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Combative	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1
Insomnia	1/7 (14.3%)	1	1/7 (14.3%)	1	1/5 (20%)	1	1/5 (20%)	1
Vivid dreams	1/7 (14.3%)	1	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Endometriosis	1/7 (14.3%)	1	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Shortness of Breath	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Difficulty breathing	1/7 (14.3%)	2	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Congestion	1/7 (14.3%)	1	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	1/5 (20%)	1
Throat swelling	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Nasal congestion	1/7 (14.3%)	1	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Dry skin	1/7 (14.3%)	1	0/7 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0	0/5 (0%)	0
Rash	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0
Skin burn	0/7 (0%)	0	0/7 (0%)	0	1/5 (20%)	1	0/5 (0%)	0

Limitations/Caveats

[Not Specified]

More Information

Certain Agreements

All Principal Investigators ARE employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.