Effects of Eating-Exercise Intervention Programs in Emerging Adulthood
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
This is a prospective, double-blinded, 16-week, randomized controlled trial (RCT). Young adults aged 18-25 years are recruited in this study. Based on King's (1981) goal attainment theory, a diet-exercise program is created. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of physiological indicators, eating habits, eating attitudes and health behaviours by conducting an exercise and diet programme and intensive therapy.
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
N/A |
Detailed Description
Background:
Emerging adulthood (18-25 years), has been linked to increased probability of unhealthy and risky lifestyle behaviours, such as alcohol, tobacco and other drug use, dangerous driving, unprotected sex, and unhealthy dietary choices. These lifestyle behaviours are associated with some of the key leading causes of premature death and disease burden in this age group. Thus, reducing the prevalence of risky and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours among emerging adults is a priority for health promoters and governments.
Aim:
The researchers hypothesize that a health program based on King's goal achievement theory have a significant effect on body composition among college students. Therefore, in this study, researchers will explore the impact of a health program based on King's goal achievement theory on the body composition of college students.
Methods:
This is a prospective, double-blinded, 16-week, randomized controlled trial in Hangzhou. Participants are randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to two groups using blocked randomization. This is followed by a detailed 16-week intervention program consisting of jogging and High-intensity Interval Training. The training program is structured in three cycles, with an incremental pattern: both frequency and duration of the sessions are increased. Each session is composed of a warm-up, a high-intensity interval exercise, and a cool down. Weekly information reminders are provided through Wechat and the exercise plan is timely adjusted according to personal conditions. Participants are asked to record their daily diet, and their diet is assessed weekly and given professional advice.
Participants and demographic data:
Healthy individuals with a sedentary lifestyle will be recruited to participate in the study through online and print advertisements posted at Hangzhou Normal University (Hangzhou, China) and surrounding communities. Sedentary behavior is defined as any waking behavior characterized by an energy expenditure ≤ 1.5 metabolic equivalents, such as sitting, reclining or lying down. The participants are able to express themselves and to individually complete the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Short-form Eating Behavior Scale (SEBS).
Procedure and Data collection:
This is a prospective, double-blinded, 16-week, randomized controlled trial (RCT) complied with the ethical principles of the Helsinki Declaration and the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) checklist. It was approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the Hangzhou Normal University (Ratification date is November 14, 2022, 2022059)
Statistical analysis:
This study will employ Predictive Analytics Suite Workstation (IBM SPSS 28.0) to analyze the collected data. The data analyses will include demographic variables and the scores of IPAQ, SBES at the interval of 16 weeks of all of the participants.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Experimental: Usual management group The intervention group is intervened with the RELE-W-1 plan |
Behavioral: Releasing Weight-1
Perception: Data such as diet and exercise are evaluated at baseline to make participants feel the current problem. After communication, personalized plans are made and implemented together. After grouping, the training of diet and exercise related knowledge is carried out for one week, and the activation training of physical movement ability is carried out in the second week. This is followed by a detailed 16-week intervention program consisting of jogging and High-intensity Interval Training. The training program is structured in three cycles, with an incremental pattern: both frequency and duration of the sessions are increased. Each session is composed of a warm-up, a high-intensity interval exercise, and a cool down. Weekly information reminders are provided through Wechat and the exercise plan is timely adjusted according to personal conditions. Participants are asked to record their daily diet, and their diet is assessed weekly and given professional advice.
Other Names:
|
| Active Comparator: Goal-attainment-theory-based self-management group The group is intervened with the RELE-W-2 plan |
Behavioral: Releasing Weight-2
Health education is carried out by distributing diet and exercise related knowledge manuals and videos, and health plans are made. The exercise is evaluated once a month and the diet is evaluated once a week.
Other Names:
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Assessment of changes in body composition [Before and 16 weeks after the intervention]
Participants will have body composition measured by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with InBody 720 device. According to the InBody device manufacturer's testing procedures, participants will be told not to exercise for at least 24 hours before the test, not to consume alcohol or excessive amounts of caffeine, and not to eat and drink for four hours before the test, but water can be consumed up to 45 minutes before the test.
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Changes in eating behavior [Before and 16 weeks after the intervention]
The Short-form Eating Behavior Scale (EBS-SF), is a reliable and valid measure as an indicator of obesity in both clinical and research settings. The EBS-SF was scored on a 4-point Likert scale indicating the residents' degree of agreement (1 = strongly disagree, 2 = somewhat disagree, 3 = somewhat agree, and 4 = strongly agree), and seven items were summed to obtain scores between 7 and 28, with higher scores indicating worse eating behavior. The Cronbach's α of the EBS-SF was 0.871, showing that it had good internal consistency.
- Changes in amount of physical activety [Before and 16 weeks after the intervention]
The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) prepared by the International Working Group on Physical Activity Measurement, was selected to investigate the physical activity levels. The IPAQ has been translated into Chinese with a good reliability and validity. There are 7 items in the questionnaire. Three intensities of physical activities during the last seven days were collected, including (1) vigorous-intensity activities such as speed swimming or playing basketball, (2) moderate-intensity activities such as slow dancing or strenuous household chores, and (3) low-intensity activities such as walking. Each activity had its own metabolic equivalent (MET) energy expenditure, and the vigorous-, moderate-, and low-intensity activities equaled 8.0, 4.0, and 3.3 METs. The amount of physical activity was estimated by weighting the intensity and time spent performing each activity with its MET.
- Changes in self-efficacy [Before and 16 weeks after the intervention]
The Simplified Chinese version of the Health-Related Diet and Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (HRDESES) included 8 items under 2 dimensions: diet subscale and exercise subscale. Response options are rated on a 5-point scale: 0 (I'm not sure), 1 (mostly I cannot), 2 (don't know), 3 (mostly I can), or 4 (I'm sure I can). The total score ranges from 0 to 32, with a higher score indicating higher levels of health-related diet and exercise self-efficacy. The Cronbach's α of the HRDESES was 0.87 for the total scale, 0.86 for the diet The simplified Chinese version of the health-related diet and exercise self-efficacy scale subscale and 0.91 for the exercise subscale
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Having a sedentary lifestyle. ( Sedentary behavior is defined as any waking behavior characterized by an energy expenditure ≤ 1.5 metabolic equivalents, such as sitting, reclining or lying down. )
Exclusion Criteria:
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Diabetes
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Cardiovascular disease risk
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Upper respiratory infection
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Smoking
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Injury or disease that limited exercise ability
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Using of any medication within the last 3 months
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Lactose intolerance
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Celiac diseas
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Food allergies
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Specific dietary regiments (e.g., vegetarian diet, intermittent fasting or less common diets)
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Pregnancy or planning pregnancy during the study period.
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hangzhou Normal University | Hangzhou | Zhejiang | China | 311121 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- Xu Tao
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Tao Xu, Hangzhou normal univesity
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
None provided.- 2022059