Brain Blood Flow: Age and Gender
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
Baseline cerebral blood flow through the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and cerebral vasodilator response of the MCA to inhaled carbon dioxide (CO2) will be measured in young women, young men, older women, and older men using Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). Data collection techniques will be compared.
Detailed Description
The investigators have recently shown that cerebral blood flow responses to chemical stimuli are reduced in healthy older adults. The investigators also have preliminary data suggesting that sex differences in cerebrovascular regulation exist. The overall goal of this application is to extend on the investigators previous studies by employing advanced neuroimaging techniques to enhance the investigators understanding of neurovascular coupling in healthy aging. This study will collect clinically significant data with implications for the future risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease.
The research aims are:
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To determine the effect of age and sex on baseline cerebral blood flow through the middle cerebral artery (MCA).
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To determine the effect of age and sex on cerebral vasodilator responses.
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To determine if the cerebrovascular responses measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) are associated with the cerebrovascular responses measured by Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Healthy young women Healthy young women between the age of 20-34 years. |
Device: MRI
Participants will undergo a MRI scan while two stepwise CO2 elevations are applied to the participant by adding fractional concentration of inspired CO2 (FICO2) at 4% and 6% each time. The end tidal CO2 (PetCO2) will be elevated and maintained constant for a few minutes at each target level. Breath-by-breath changes in respiratory rate and PetCO2 will be measured.
Other Names:
Device: TCD
Participants will undergo a TCD scan while two stepwise CO2 elevations are applied to the participant by adding fractional concentration of inspired CO2 (FICO2) at 4% and 6% each time. The end tidal CO2 (PetCO2) will be elevated and maintained constant for a few minutes at each target level. Breath-by-breath changes in respiratory and PetCO2 will be measured.
Other Names:
|
| Healthy young men Healthy young men between the age of 20-34 years. |
Device: MRI
Participants will undergo a MRI scan while two stepwise CO2 elevations are applied to the participant by adding fractional concentration of inspired CO2 (FICO2) at 4% and 6% each time. The end tidal CO2 (PetCO2) will be elevated and maintained constant for a few minutes at each target level. Breath-by-breath changes in respiratory rate and PetCO2 will be measured.
Other Names:
Device: TCD
Participants will undergo a TCD scan while two stepwise CO2 elevations are applied to the participant by adding fractional concentration of inspired CO2 (FICO2) at 4% and 6% each time. The end tidal CO2 (PetCO2) will be elevated and maintained constant for a few minutes at each target level. Breath-by-breath changes in respiratory and PetCO2 will be measured.
Other Names:
|
| Healthy older women Healthy older women between the age of 50-64 years. |
Device: MRI
Participants will undergo a MRI scan while two stepwise CO2 elevations are applied to the participant by adding fractional concentration of inspired CO2 (FICO2) at 4% and 6% each time. The end tidal CO2 (PetCO2) will be elevated and maintained constant for a few minutes at each target level. Breath-by-breath changes in respiratory rate and PetCO2 will be measured.
Other Names:
Device: TCD
Participants will undergo a TCD scan while two stepwise CO2 elevations are applied to the participant by adding fractional concentration of inspired CO2 (FICO2) at 4% and 6% each time. The end tidal CO2 (PetCO2) will be elevated and maintained constant for a few minutes at each target level. Breath-by-breath changes in respiratory and PetCO2 will be measured.
Other Names:
|
| Healthy older men Healthy older men between the age of 50-64 years. |
Device: MRI
Participants will undergo a MRI scan while two stepwise CO2 elevations are applied to the participant by adding fractional concentration of inspired CO2 (FICO2) at 4% and 6% each time. The end tidal CO2 (PetCO2) will be elevated and maintained constant for a few minutes at each target level. Breath-by-breath changes in respiratory rate and PetCO2 will be measured.
Other Names:
Device: TCD
Participants will undergo a TCD scan while two stepwise CO2 elevations are applied to the participant by adding fractional concentration of inspired CO2 (FICO2) at 4% and 6% each time. The end tidal CO2 (PetCO2) will be elevated and maintained constant for a few minutes at each target level. Breath-by-breath changes in respiratory and PetCO2 will be measured.
Other Names:
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Measurement [75 minutes]
Utilize the TCD and MR imaging to measure middle cerebral artery blood flow in the brain while the participant is at rest.
- Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Reactivity to Hypercapnia [75 minutes]
Utilize the TCD and MR imaging to measure middle cerebral artery blood flow reactivity to hypercapnic gas.
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
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Between 20-34 or 50-69 years
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Body mass index <34 kg/m2
Exclusion Criteria:
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Current smoker
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History or evidence of: hepatic disease, renal disease, hematological disease, peripheral vascular disease, stroke/neurovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension
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Part of a vulnerable population (e.g. pregnant women, prisoner, individuals lacking capacity to consent, etc.)
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Older females only: subject is not post-menopausal
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | University of Wisconsin-Madison | Madison | Wisconsin | United States | 53706 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- University of Wisconsin, Madison
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Jill N Barnes, PhD, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
- Bakker SL, de Leeuw FE, den Heijer T, Koudstaal PJ, Hofman A, Breteler MM. Cerebral haemodynamics in the elderly: the rotterdam study. Neuroepidemiology. 2004 Jul-Aug;23(4):178-84.
- Barnes JN, Schmidt JE, Nicholson WT, Joyner MJ. Cyclooxygenase inhibition abolishes age-related differences in cerebral vasodilator responses to hypercapnia. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2012 Jun;112(11):1884-90. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01270.2011. Epub 2012 Mar 22.
- Barnes, JN, Taylor JL, Nicholson WT, and Joyner MJ. Sex differences in age-related changes in cerebral vasodilator responses. FASEB Journal. 2013.
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- 2016-0403
- A176000
- EDUC/KINESIOLOGY/KINESIO