CLUSCO: Prognostic Value of Point of Care Cardiac and Lung Ultrasound in COVID-19
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
This is a protocol-driven observational study of lung ultrasound and focused echocardiography images obtained in the Emergency Department (ED) and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) settings as a part of existing standard of care. The objectives of this study are as follows:
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To characterize various clinical and cardiopulmonary ultrasound findings and describe their relationship with the clinical course of patients with COVID-19 in the ED and ICU.
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To describe, develop, and validate a prediction tool that can accurately predict the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and acute respiratory failure in COVID-19 patients using clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound data.
Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
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Detailed Description
Background and scientific rationale:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, health care systems around the world are overwhelmed.
Surge of patients requiring hospital admission have led to shortages of ICU beds and mechanical ventilators. As an emerging clinical entity, little is known about the precise pathophysiologic mechanisms of COVID-19. Recent observational data and clinical experience has suggested that there could be different phenotypes of patients with COVID-19 which could explain the wide range of clinical presentations, response to therapies and outcomes.
Point of care cardiac and lung ultrasound (CLUS) has been proposed as a tool with potential to assist diagnostic evaluation and management of COVID-19 patients in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU) settings. Point of care CLUS is routinely used as part of the clinical evaluation of patients with dyspnea, hypoxemia, chest pain and shock in the ED and ICU. Patients with COVID-19 commonly present to the ED with these symptoms and therefore CLUS is being commonly used in patients with suspected or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.
Small observational studies have described several lung ultrasound (LUS) findings in patients with COVID-19. These findings include; pleural irregularity ("thickening"), subpleural consolidations, air bronchogram, isolated B-lines, fused B-lines and pleural effusions. Other observational studies have described the presence of acute myocardial abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 seen in echocardiography, including left and right ventricular systolic dysfunction.
Multiple studies have described and validated the finding of B-lines in LUS as a non-invasive marker of extravascular lung water. B-lines in LUS correlate with pulmonary capillary wedge pressures, NT-proBNP and E/e' and has been validated as a reliable prognostic factor in patients with decompensated heart failure. B-lines are also found in other pulmonary processes including viral pneumonia, ARDS, pulmonary contusions and post radiation changes. Observational studies involving COVID-19 patients have shown the presence of isolated and fused or continuous B-lines in the pneumonia associated with this infection. We hypothesize that the presence of B-lines in LUS may be marker of severity, and that alone or in concert with other clinical or laboratory variables, could help predict the clinical course and prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
Knowledge gaps
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Does point of care cardiopulmonary ultrasound findings alone, or combined with other clinical and/or laboratory variables, predict clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19?
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Can different lung ultrasound finding patterns correlate with clinical severity or outcomes?
Specific aims
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To characterize various clinical and CLUS findings and describe their relationship with clinical course of patients with COVID-19 in ED and ICU.
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Using clinical, laboratory and ultrasound data to describe, develop and validate a prediction tool that can accurately predict (1) need of invasive mechanical ventilation (IVM) and (2) acute respiratory failure
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
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COVID-19 Positive Patients Receiving CPUS Adult patients (18 years) presenting to the ED or ICU with highly suspected diagnosis or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 in whom the clinician deems a CPUS (cardiopulmonary ultrasound) is indicated. |
Other: Observation only
There is no intervention. This study is purely observational. This study simply follows COVID-19 patients who get CPUS based on their clinician deeming it necessary.
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Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Patient requires invasive mechanical ventilation and suffers from acute respiratory failure. [1 Year]
Number of patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation and suffers from acute respiratory failure.
- Patient is discharged [1 Year]
Number of patients that do not require hospitalization and is able to safely recover from COVID-19 at home.
- Patient is hospitalized, but does not require mechanical ventilation through the duration of hospital stay. [1 Year]
Number of patients that must be hospitalized to recover from COVID-19, but does not require invasive mechanical ventilation and may or may not suffer from some degree of acute respiratory failure.
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Lung ultrasound findings [1 year]
Any lung ultrasound findings including, but not limited to b-lines, a-lines, consolidations, pleural effusions and regularities. All of these findings are consolidated to a single score which will be the measure of the severity of lung ultrasound findings.
- Cardiac ultrasound findings [1 year]
Any cardiac ultrasound findings including, but not limited to IVC status, pericardial effusions, LV EF (%), RV function. All of these findings are consolidated to a single score which will be the measure of the severity of cardiac ultrasound findings.
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
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COVID-19 positive or suspected positive
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Received a cardiopulmonary ultrasound scan
Exclusion Criteria:
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Did not receive a scan
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Not COVID-19 positive
Contacts and Locations
Locations
Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
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1 | University of Pennsylvania Health System | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | United States | 19104 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- University of Pennsylvania
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Felipe Teran, MD, University of Pennsylvania
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Additional Information:
Publications
- Arentz M, Yim E, Klaff L, Lokhandwala S, Riedo FX, Chong M, Lee M. Characteristics and Outcomes of 21 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 in Washington State. JAMA. 2020 Apr 28;323(16):1612-1614. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4326.
- Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):507-513. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
- Danzi GB, Loffi M, Galeazzi G, Gherbesi E. Acute pulmonary embolism and COVID-19 pneumonia: a random association? Eur Heart J. 2020 May 14;41(19):1858. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa254.
- Grasselli G, Pesenti A, Cecconi M. Critical Care Utilization for the COVID-19 Outbreak in Lombardy, Italy: Early Experience and Forecast During an Emergency Response. JAMA. 2020 Apr 28;323(16):1545-1546. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4031.
- Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, Liu L, Shan H, Lei CL, Hui DSC, Du B, Li LJ, Zeng G, Yuen KY, Chen RC, Tang CL, Wang T, Chen PY, Xiang J, Li SY, Wang JL, Liang ZJ, Peng YX, Wei L, Liu Y, Hu YH, Peng P, Wang JM, Liu JY, Chen Z, Li G, Zheng ZJ, Qiu SQ, Luo J, Ye CJ, Zhu SY, Zhong NS; China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 30;382(18):1708-1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
- Hendren NS, Drazner MH, Bozkurt B, Cooper LT Jr. Description and Proposed Management of the Acute COVID-19 Cardiovascular Syndrome. Circulation. 2020 Jun 9;141(23):1903-1914. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047349. Epub 2020 Apr 16. Review.
- Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. Epub 2020 Jan 24. Erratum in: Lancet. 2020 Jan 30;:.
- Long B, Brady WJ, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M. Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19. Am J Emerg Med. 2020 Jul;38(7):1504-1507. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.048. Epub 2020 Apr 18. Review.
- Nicoara A, Maldonado Y, Kort S, Swaminathan M, Mackensen GB. Specific Considerations for the Protection of Patients and Echocardiography Service Providers When Performing Perioperative or Periprocedural Transesophageal Echocardiography during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: Council on Perioperative Echocardiography Supplement to the Statement of the American Society of Echocardiography Endorsed by the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2020 Jun;33(6):666-669. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2020.04.008. Epub 2020 Apr 11. Review.
- Remuzzi A, Remuzzi G. COVID-19 and Italy: what next? Lancet. 2020 Apr 11;395(10231):1225-1228. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30627-9. Epub 2020 Mar 13. Review.
- Spencer KT, Kimura BJ, Korcarz CE, Pellikka PA, Rahko PS, Siegel RJ. Focused cardiac ultrasound: recommendations from the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013 Jun;26(6):567-81. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2013.04.001.
- Vieillard-Baron A, Price LC, Matthay MA. Acute cor pulmonale in ARDS. Intensive Care Med. 2013 Oct;39(10):1836-8. doi: 10.1007/s00134-013-3045-2. Epub 2013 Aug 2.
- Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585. Erratum in: JAMA. 2021 Mar 16;325(11):1113.
- Xie Y, Wang X, Yang P, Zhang S. COVID-19 Complicated by Acute Pulmonary Embolism. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020 Mar 16;2(2):e200067. doi: 10.1148/ryct.2020200067. eCollection 2020 Apr.
- Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yu Z, Fang M, Yu T, Wang Y, Pan S, Zou X, Yuan S, Shang Y. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020 May;8(5):475-481. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5. Epub 2020 Feb 24. Erratum in: Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Apr;8(4):e26.
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