Dairy Consumption and Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: a Meta-analysis.

Sponsor

Institut Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili (Other)

Overall Status

Active, not recruiting

CT.gov ID

NCT04297722

Collaborator

(none)

Enrollment

Location

19.5

Anticipated Duration (Months)

0.1

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

According to statistics from the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), taking into account the definition of overweight and obesity recommended by the International Obesity Task Fort (IOTF), the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) in European children aged 7 to 17 years is 16-22% and the prevalence of obesity is 4-6%.

Some review studies3 and meta-analysis4,5 have reported an inverse relationship between dairy products consumption and the prevalence or incidence of overweight and obesity. However, some methodological issues arise from these analyses. For instance, the combination of studies with different exposures (e.g. full fat milk, total milk) in the total dairy product analysis. Moreover, since the publication of the lasts meta-analysis in 2016, new epidemiological studies evaluating the association between dairy product consumption and overweight or obesity risk have been published.

Objective The aim of this work is to systematically review and assess the associations between total dairy consumption and its different subtypes with the prevalence and incidence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Obesity, Childhood Overweight, Childhood Overweight and Obesity	Other: Dairy products

Detailed Description

Searches: We will search the following electronic bibliographic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed) and The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.

The search strategy will include only terms relating to or describing the exposure. There will be no language restrictions.

Data extraction (selection and coding):

In the first step duplicate studies will be removed. Secondly, studies will be screened based on the title and abstract in order to exclude those that do not meet the inclusion criteria. In the last step, articles will be reviewed in full to select those that meet all the inclusion criteria.

Two reviewers (LL and MM) will independently extract relevant data and assess the risk of bias following a standardize proforma. Relevant data will include:

Authors, journal and year of publication
Title
Study design
Study name
Country/location of study
Sample size
Characteristics of the subjects
Follow-up duration (for prospective cohort studies)
Health status
Sources of funding
Type of exposure and assessment method
Outcome and assessment method
Odd ratios, risk ratios or hazard ratios and 95%CI
Statistical analyses

Risk of bias (quality) assessment:

Two review authors will independently assess the risk of bias in included studies by considering the following tools: The New-Castle Ottawa scale will be used to assessed the quality of the included prospective cohort studies, whereas the NIH National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Study quality assessment tools will be used for cross-sectional studies. Any disagreement will be solved by consensus or consulting with a third author (NB-T).

Strategy for data synthesis The meta-analysis will be conducted according to the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions and results will be reported following the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. The generic inverse-variance method with random-effects models or fixed-effects models, when at least 5 or less than 5 comparisons are available, respectively, will be used to obtain summary estimates. Inter-study heterogeneity will be assessed by the Cochrane Q statistics (p<0.10 will be considered significant) and quantified by the I2 statistic (≥ 50% will indicate substantial heterogeneity). Possible sources of heterogeneity will be explored by conducting sensitivity analyses, in which one study will be systematically removed at a time. If 10 or more comparisons are available, researchers will also explore sources of heterogeneity by a priori subgroup analyses (including, age, gender, geographical area and study quality). Meta-regression will assess the significance of categorical and continuous subgroup analyses. Linear and non-linear dose response relationship will be assessed by using generalized least squares trend (GLST) estimation models and spline curve modelling (MKSPLINE procedure), respectively. Publication bias will be assessed by visual inspection of funnel plots and the Egger and Begg tests when at least 10 trial comparisons are available.

Analysis of subgroups or subsets:

Prior subgroup analysis are planned to be conducted if at least 10 study comparisons are available. This will include: age (< or > of the median), gender (boys, girls and mixed), geographical area (America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Oceania), study quality (high vs low quality).

Study Design

Study Type:

Observational

Actual Enrollment :

1 participants

Observational Model:

Other

Time Perspective:

Cross-Sectional

Official Title:

Associations Between Dairy Consumption and the Prevalence and Incidence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Actual Study Start Date :

Jan 13, 2020

Actual Primary Completion Date :

May 29, 2020

Anticipated Study Completion Date :

Aug 30, 2021

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Overweight or obesity [Baseline]
Prevalence of overweight and/or obesity
Overweight or obesity [Up to 40 years]
incidence of overweight and/or obesity

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

3 Years to 21 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Yes

Inclusion Criteria:

Cross-sectional and Prospective cohort studies
At least 1 year of follow-up (for prospective cohorts)
Children and adolescents participants
Dairy consumption (total dairy, full-fat dairy, low-fat dairy, total milk, full-fat milk, low-f fat milk, total yogurt, full-fat yogurt, low-fat yogurt, total cheese, hard cheese, fresh cheese) as exposure
Overweight or obesity as outcomes
Odd ratios, risk ratios or hazard ratios and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) as a measure of effect estimators.