TExTMEDFANS: Harnessing mHealth and Social Support to Improve Diabetes Related Health Behavior for Inner-city Patients

• Sponsor: University of Southern California (Other)
• Overall Status: Completed
• CT.gov ID: NCT01945996
• Collaborator: (none)
• Enrollment: 44
• Location: 1
• Arms: 2
• Duration (Months): 8
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 5.5

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

In this study, an existing mobile health intervention to improve diabetes self-management will be combined with a social support module and tested for feasibility. The investigators hypothesize that this combination will be feasible and acceptable to both patients and their loved ones.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Diabetes Mellitus	Behavioral: TExT MED; Behavioral: FANS	N/A

Detailed Description

This will be the first ever evaluation of a highly scalable and low-cost social support intervention for patients with diabetes delivered entirely via mobile phones. TExT-MED FANS (Trial to Examine Text-based mHealth for Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes With Family And Friend Network Supporter) will unite the benefits of mHealth (scalability, ease of access) and social support interventions (personalized motivation, emotional support). The Diabetes FANS text message based curriculum will make it easier for friends and family to become supporters. Additionally, augmenting TExT-MED with the FANS social support module will be more effective than TExT-MED alone. The personalized support of TExT-MED FANS will also be more effective than providing TExT-MED in combination with a community health worker supporter who lacks a pre-existing relationship with the patient. Through this innovative combination, I can create a more cost-effective and diffusible mHealth solution that maintains the personal connection of social support interventions. To date there has only been one study evaluating social support interventions for patients with diabetes using mHealth, but in this study participants were paired with other subjects with diabetes (not friends or family) and it required intensive face-to-face support group time. TExT-MED FANS will provide key insights into the utility of combining social support interventions delivered solely via mHealth in low-income Latino patients. These insights will help future interventions achieve maximal impact on diabetes and other chronic disease management.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional
• Actual Enrollment: 44 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double (Participant, Care Provider)
• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Official Title: Trial to Examine Text-based mHealth for Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes With Family And Friend Network Supporter
• Study Start Date: Sep 1, 2013
• Actual Primary Completion Date: May 1, 2014
• Actual Study Completion Date: May 1, 2014

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Active Comparator: TExT-MED only Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages	Behavioral: TExT MED; educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone
Experimental: TExT-MED FANS Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum	Behavioral: TExT MED; educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone; Behavioral: FANS; supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. Feasibility [3 months after enrollment]

   Number of patients lost to follow-up

2. Acceptability [3 months after enrollment]

   Patient response to: I have enjoyed the TExT-MED FANS (Trial to Examine Text-based mHealth for Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes With Family And Friend Network Supporter) program?

3. Acceptability 2: Would Patients Recommend the Program to Family or Friends? [3 months follow up]

   Response to: Would you recommend TExT-MED FANS to family or friends?

Secondary Outcome Measures

1. Diabetes Knowledge Test Scale [3 months after enrollment]

   Diabetes Knowledge Test Scale measures specific areas of diabetes knowledge, and is geared to specific curriculum

2. Change in Self-efficacy [3 months after enrollment]

   Change Diabetes Empowerment Scale - Short Form( measures feelings of self efficacy regarding diabetes disease management) from baseline to 6 month follow up scale minimum 8, maximum 40 Best possible change 40 (maximum at follow up) minus 8 (minimum at follow up)=32 Worst possible change: -32

3. Change in Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale [3 months after enrollment]

   Change in Problem areas in diabetes scale (a measure of mental health problems that patient experience related to their diabetes) Baseline minus 3 month follow up. Higher score = more problems scale minimum 0 scale maximum 100 worst possible change -100 (0 problem scale at baseline, 100 at follow up) best possible change 100 (100 problem scale at baseline, 0 at follow up

4. Glycemic Control [3 months after enrollment]

   glycosylated hemoglobin A1c

5. Body Mass Index [3 months after enrollment]

   height and weight measurements

6. Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - General Diet Sub Score [3 months follow up]

   change in number of days patient followed a general diet plan (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)

7. Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Specific Diet Sub Score [3 months follow up]

   change in number of days patient followed a diabetes specific diet plan (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)

8. Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Exercise Sub Score [3 months follow up]

   change in number of days patient exercised (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)

9. Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Blood Glucose Sub Score [3 months follow up]

   change in number of days patient checked blood sugar (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)

10. Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Foot Care Sub Score [3 months follow up]

    change in number of days patient followed a foot care plan (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)

11. Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Carb Spacing Sub Score [3 months follow up]

    change in number of days patient followed a carb spacing plan (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and Older
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Inclusion Criteria:

• type II diabetes

• HbA1c >or=8 at enrollment

• speak English or Spanish

• has support person willing to participate

Exclusion Criteria:

• unable to consent

• pediatric patient

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	LAC+USC	Los Angeles	California	United States	90033

Sponsors and Collaborators

• University of Southern California

Investigators

None specified.

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Publications

• Arora S, Peters AL, Agy C, Menchine M. A mobile health intervention for inner city patients with poorly controlled diabetes: proof-of-concept of the TExT-MED program. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2012 Jun;14(6):492-6. doi: 10.1089/dia.2011.0252. Epub 2012 Apr 23.
• Burner E, Menchine M, Taylor E, Arora S. Gender differences in diabetes self-management: a mixed-methods analysis of a mobile health intervention for inner-city Latino patients. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2013 Jan 1;7(1):111-8.

• Responsible Party: Elizabeth Burner, Assistant Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine, University of Southern California
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01945996
• Other Study ID Numbers: HS-13-00382; KL2TR000131
• First Posted: Sep 19, 2013
• Last Update Posted: Nov 6, 2018
• Last Verified: Mar 1, 2018

• Keywords provided by Elizabeth Burner, Assistant Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine, University of Southern California: Hispanic Americans; Cellular Phone; Behavior
• Additional relevant MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus

Study Results

Participant Flow

Recruitment Details	745 patients screened Excluded: No mobile phone = 174 Do not know how to text = 180 HbA1c <8 = 145 No English or Spanish = 28 Critically ill/AMS = 80 Refused screening = 28
Pre-assignment Detail	14 patients dropped before randomization Unable to identify support person = 4 Unable to contact support person = 22 Support person can not text = 15

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED (Trial to Examine Text-Based mHealth for Emergency department patients with Diabetes) intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum (Trial to Examine Text-Based mHealth for Emergency department patients with Diabetes with Family And friends Network Supporters) TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED	22	22
COMPLETED	19	17
NOT COMPLETED	3	5

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS	Total
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges	Total of all reporting groups
Overall Participants	22	22	44
Age (years) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [years]	46.05 (9.17)	46.04 (9.86)	46.05 (9.45)
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	14 63.6%	11 50%	25 56.8%
Male	8 36.4%	11 50%	19 43.2%
Race/Ethnicity, Customized (Count of Participants)
Non-hispanic White	1 4.5%	1 4.5%	2 4.5%
Latino	18 81.8%	17 77.3%	35 79.5%
African American	2 9.1%	1 4.5%	3 6.8%
Asian	1 4.5%	1 4.5%	2 4.5%
Other	0 0%	2 9.1%	2 4.5%
Region of Enrollment (Count of Participants)
United States	22 100%	22 100%	44 100%
Language (Count of Participants)
Both Equally	1 4.5%	1 4.5%	2 4.5%
More English than Spanish	2 9.1%	4 18.2%	6 13.6%
More Spanish than English	4 18.2%	3 13.6%	7 15.9%
Only English	2 9.1%	2 9.1%	4 9.1%
Only Spanish	11 50%	7 31.8%	18 40.9%

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	Feasibility
Description	Number of patients lost to follow-up
Time Frame	3 months after enrollment

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	22	22
Count of Participants [Participants]	3 13.6%	5 22.7%

2. Primary Outcome

Title	Acceptability
Description	Patient response to: I have enjoyed the TExT-MED FANS (Trial to Examine Text-based mHealth for Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes With Family And Friend Network Supporter) program?
Time Frame	3 months after enrollment

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Yes	18 81.8%	17 77.3%
No	1 4.5%	0 0%

3. Primary Outcome

Title	Acceptability 2: Would Patients Recommend the Program to Family or Friends?
Description	Response to: Would you recommend TExT-MED FANS to family or friends?
Time Frame	3 months follow up

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED (Trial to Examine Text-Based mHealth for Emergency department patients with Diabetes) intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum (Trial to Examine Text-Based mHealth for Emergency department patients with Diabetes with Family And friends Network Supporters) TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Yes	18 81.8%	17 77.3%
No	1 4.5%	0 0%

4. Secondary Outcome

Title	Diabetes Knowledge Test Scale
Description	Diabetes Knowledge Test Scale measures specific areas of diabetes knowledge, and is geared to specific curriculum
Time Frame	3 months after enrollment

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

Data was not collected as final program educational curriculum did not have sufficient overlap with Diabetes Knowledge Test Scale

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED (Trial to Examine Text-Based mHealth for Emergency department patients with Diabetes) intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum (Trial to Examine Text-Based mHealth for Emergency department patients with Diabetes with Family And friends Network Supporters) TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	0	0

5. Secondary Outcome

Title	Change in Self-efficacy
Description	Change Diabetes Empowerment Scale - Short Form( measures feelings of self efficacy regarding diabetes disease management) from baseline to 6 month follow up scale minimum 8, maximum 40 Best possible change 40 (maximum at follow up) minus 8 (minimum at follow up)=32 Worst possible change: -32
Time Frame	3 months after enrollment

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Mean (95% Confidence Interval) [units on a scale]	.3	0.1

6. Secondary Outcome

Title	Change in Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale
Description	Change in Problem areas in diabetes scale (a measure of mental health problems that patient experience related to their diabetes) Baseline minus 3 month follow up. Higher score = more problems scale minimum 0 scale maximum 100 worst possible change -100 (0 problem scale at baseline, 100 at follow up) best possible change 100 (100 problem scale at baseline, 0 at follow up
Time Frame	3 months after enrollment

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Mean (95% Confidence Interval) [units on a scale]	-.9	-6.8

7. Secondary Outcome

Title	Glycemic Control
Description	glycosylated hemoglobin A1c
Time Frame	3 months after enrollment

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Mean (95% Confidence Interval) [% glycoslated hemoglobin]	-0.6	-1.4

8. Secondary Outcome

Title	Body Mass Index
Description	height and weight measurements
Time Frame	3 months after enrollment

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

Was not able to be collected

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	0	0

9. Secondary Outcome

Title	Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - General Diet Sub Score
Description	change in number of days patient followed a general diet plan (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)
Time Frame	3 months follow up

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Mean (95% Confidence Interval) [units on a scale]	0.1	0.9

10. Secondary Outcome

Title	Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Specific Diet Sub Score
Description	change in number of days patient followed a diabetes specific diet plan (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)
Time Frame	3 months follow up

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Mean (95% Confidence Interval) [units on a scale]	0.9	1.2

11. Secondary Outcome

Title	Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Exercise Sub Score
Description	change in number of days patient exercised (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)
Time Frame	3 months follow up

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Mean (95% Confidence Interval) [units on a scale]	0.7	0.4

12. Secondary Outcome

Title	Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Blood Glucose Sub Score
Description	change in number of days patient checked blood sugar (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)
Time Frame	3 months follow up

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Mean (95% Confidence Interval) [units on a scale]	-.7	1.6

13. Secondary Outcome

Title	Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Foot Care Sub Score
Description	change in number of days patient followed a foot care plan (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)
Time Frame	3 months follow up

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Mean (95% Confidence Interval) [units on a scale]	0.9	1

14. Secondary Outcome

Title	Change in Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities - Carb Spacing Sub Score
Description	change in number of days patient followed a carb spacing plan (3 month follow up report minus baseline report) Minimum -7: worst possible change (from all days at baseline to no days at follow up) Max 7: best possible change from baseline (from no days at baseline to all days at follow up)
Time Frame	3 months follow up

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only	TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone	Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
Measure Participants	19	17
Mean (95% Confidence Interval) [units on a scale]	0.5	0.5

Adverse Events

Time Frame	3 months
Adverse Event Reporting Description	patients reported any adverse events
Arm/Group Title	TExT-MED Only		TExT-MED FANS
Arm/Group Description	Patients will receive TExT-MED intervention, but supporters will not receive additional messages TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone		Patients get TExT-MED intervention, supporter gets FANS curriculum TExT MED: educational , motivational, medication reminder and healthy living challenge text messages sent to patient's cell phone FANS: supporter curriculum of messages, consisting of educational/motivational messages, and support challenges
All Cause Mortality
	TExT-MED Only		TExT-MED FANS
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/22 (0%)		0/22 (0%)
Serious Adverse Events
	TExT-MED Only		TExT-MED FANS
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/22 (0%)		0/22 (0%)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	TExT-MED Only		TExT-MED FANS
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/22 (0%)		0/22 (0%)

Limitations/Caveats

BMI was not able to be collected. Diabetes knowledge test was removed from follow up as intervention did not teach sufficient content to overlap with scale Unable to measure actual text receipt on the mobile platform used

More Information

Certain Agreements

Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.