Healthy Communities Through CHW Initiatives
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
Latino(a)s suffer from poor social determinants of health (SODH) conditions more than non-minority populations, and being a minority is risk factor alone for diabetes. In the proposed study, investigators will assist church members in becoming Community Health Workers (CHWs), train them in diabetes, and use an online platform (Salesforce) to track the ability to address healthcare access and quality barriers.
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
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N/A |
Detailed Description
Social determinants of health (SODH) are environmental variables that determine quality-of-life outcomes and risks that are delineated into five domains. Inequities in SODH are directly associated with diabetes. Latino(a)s suffer from poor SODH conditions more than non-minority populations, and being a minority is risk factor alone for diabetes. To quantify progress in SODH, Healthy People 2030 has provided specific objectives to measure each domain (economic stability, education access and quality, healthcare access and quality, neighborhood and build environment, and social and community context); this application focuses on the healthcare access and quality domain. While there are numerous screening mechanisms to identify SODH conditions, there is a critical need to implement interventions that are translatable into real-world practices.
A successful intervention requires several components. For the community, sites are needed that can bring individuals together, making collaboration with faith-based establishments of particular interest. Religious institutions provide an infrastructure that will persist beyond funding periods and a framework for the community to share a responsibility of health promotion.1 Churches also provide an accessible and familiar setting to provide health outreach programs but often lack trained personnel to conduct initiatives. In addition, training leaders within these settings who can reach the community is essential. Community Health Workers (CHWs) are trusted leaders within their community.2 Training church members to become CHWs potentially establishes a site familiar to the surrounding communities led by trusted individuals who understand the population at hand. Finally, secure avenues to collect and transmit data are needed. Utilizing secure HIPAA-approved technology reduces risks of loss of confidentiality while allowing collection of valuable information that may not have been collected otherwise. Since COVID-19, investigators have increased the use of online platforms, but these modalities must be translatable to personnel with potentially little to no technological experience.
To address gaps in SDOH, the investigators propose a 6-month church-based intervention for Latino(a)s with and at risk for diabetes (n=100). We will assist church members in becoming CHWs, train them in diabetes, and use an online platform (Salesforce) to track the ability to address healthcare access and quality barriers. The research team will provide telementoring to local community teams (church leadership and CHWs) to initiate the intervention. We will test the feasibility of the program using three pre-established areas of focus: acceptability, integration, limited efficacy testing.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Experimental: Diabetes program and education Receive diabetes program and education |
Other: diabetes program
CHWs will contact participants weekly via phone or text, send bimonthly diabetes education videos, and provide optional monthly seminars.
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Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Evaluate the integration of the intervention [6-months]
CHW ability to use software as measured by the number of anticipated vs. actual documents uploaded at 6-months
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Test the limited efficacy of the intervention [6-months]
Participant knowledge as measured by the % correct on a pretest vs. posttest, CHW ability to use Salesforce to track and address unmet Healthy People 2030 healthcare access objectives, CHW ability to use Salesforce to track and address newly identified healthcare access barriers. The latter two will be measured by a continuous outcome, from 0 to x. We will also measure if there were missed opportunities and the percentage identified vs. percentage of those missed.
- Provide acceptability data of the intervention [6-months]
Site, CHW, and participant survey data at 6-months as measured on a Likert scale, e.g., Likert scale from 1 to 5 where 1 is unsatisfied and 5 is very satisfied. Participant participation trends in the intervention
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Spanish-speaking Latino(a)s adults
Exclusion Criteria:
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pregnant state or anticipated state in the next 6 months
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Type 1 diabetes diagnosis
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Not Spanish-speaking, and
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Self-disclosed diagnosis of schizophrenia, psychotic/delusional disorder, or severe Alzheimer's disease.
Contacts and Locations
Locations
No locations specified.Sponsors and Collaborators
- Baylor College of Medicine
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Elizabeth Vaughan, DO, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
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- Deverts DJ, Heisler M, Kieffer EC, Piatt GA, Valbuena F, Yabes JG, Guajardo C, Ilarraza-Montalvo D, Palmisano G, Koerbel G, Rosland AM. Comparing the effectiveness of Family Support for Health Action (FAM-ACT) with traditional community health worker-led interventions to improve adult diabetes management and outcomes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2022 Oct 3;23(1):841. doi: 10.1186/s13063-022-06764-1.
- Dumville JC, Torgerson DJ, Hewitt CE. Reporting attrition in randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2006 Apr 22;332(7547):969-71. doi: 10.1136/bmj.332.7547.969.
- Garcia AA, Villagomez ET, Brown SA, Kouzekanani K, Hanis CL. The Starr County Diabetes Education Study: development of the Spanish-language diabetes knowledge questionnaire. Diabetes Care. 2001 Jan;24(1):16-21. doi: 10.2337/diacare.24.1.16. Erratum In: Diabetes Care 2001 May;24(5):972.
- Hessler D, Fisher L, Dickinson M, Dickinson P, Parra J, Potter MB. The impact of enhancing self-management support for diabetes in Community Health Centers through patient engagement and relationship building: a primary care pragmatic cluster-randomized trial. Transl Behav Med. 2022 Oct 7;12(9):909-918. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibac046.
- Keegan CN, Johnston CA, Cardenas VJ Jr, Vaughan EM. Evaluating the Impact of Telehealth-Based, Diabetes Medication Training for Community Health Workers on Glycemic Control. J Pers Med. 2020 Sep 11;10(3):121. doi: 10.3390/jpm10030121.
- Levy NK, Park A, Solis D, Hu L, Langford AT, Wang B, Rogers ES. Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes-Related Distress in Patients With Insulin-Dependent Type 2 Diabetes: Cross-sectional, Mixed Methods Approach. JMIR Form Res. 2022 Oct 12;6(10):e40164. doi: 10.2196/40164.
- Parmanto B, Lewis AN Jr, Graham KM, Bertolet MH. Development of the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ). Int J Telerehabil. 2016 Jul 1;8(1):3-10. doi: 10.5195/ijt.2016.6196. eCollection 2016 Spring.
- Rimawi A, Shah A, Louis H, Scales D, Kheiran JA, Jawabreh N, Yunez S, Horino M, Seita A, Wispelwey B. Community Health Worker Program Outcomes for Diabetes and Hypertension Control in West Bank Refugee Camps: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study. Glob Health Sci Pract. 2022 Oct 31;10(5):e2200168. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-22-00168. Print 2022 Oct 31.
- Vaughan EM, Johnson E, Naik AD, Amspoker AB, Balasubramanyam A, Virani SS, Ballantyne CM, Johnston CA, Foreyt JP. Long-Term Effectiveness of the TIME Intervention to Improve Diabetes Outcomes in Low-Income Settings: a 2-Year Follow-Up. J Gen Intern Med. 2022 Sep;37(12):3062-3069. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-07363-7. Epub 2022 Feb 7.
- Vaughan EM, Naik AD, Amspoker AB, Johnston CA, Landrum JD, Balasubramanyam A, Virani SS, Ballantyne CM, Foreyt JP. Mentored implementation to initiate a diabetes program in an underserved community: a pilot study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2021 Aug;9(1):e002320. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002320.
- Wagner J, Bermudez-Millan A, Buckley T, Buxton OM, Feinn R, Kong S, Kuoch T, Nye LM, Scully M. Self-reported outcomes of a randomized trial comparing three community health worker interventions for diabetes prevention among Cambodian Americans with depression. Patient Educ Couns. 2022 Dec;105(12):3501-3508. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2022.09.011. Epub 2022 Oct 6.
- Wyatt LC, Katigbak C, Riley L, Zanowiak JM, Ursua R, Kwon SC, Trinh-Shevrin C, Islam NS. Promoting Physical Activity Among Immigrant Asian Americans: Results from Four Community Health Worker Studies. J Immigr Minor Health. 2023 Apr;25(2):291-305. doi: 10.1007/s10903-022-01411-y. Epub 2022 Oct 23.
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