The Distribution of Gingival Display and Possible Related Factors Resulting in Gummy Smile
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
This study primarily aimed to evaluate smile line distribution and prevalence of gummy smile in patients. The secondary purpose was to examine parameters that might be risk factors for gummy smile.
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
Detailed Description
this study primarily aimed to evaluate smile line distribution and prevalence of gummy smile in patients. The secondary purpose was to examine parameters that might be risk factors for gummy smile.Age, gender, marital status, medical history, and medication status of the patients were recorded. All individuals were instructed to sit on a dental chair and the measurments were made by using a millimetric ruler.Next, the patients were grouped according to Liebart's classification by gingival display at maximum smile as follows: Class 1.Excessive gingival display (Gummy smile): ≥ 3mm gingival display Class 2.High smile line: 0-2 mm of gingival display Class 3. Average smile line: Dental papilla is visible. Class 4. Low smile line: Gingival margin, dental papilla is not visible at all. Presence of altered passive eruption, short lip and hypermobile upper lip were also evaluated.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Gummy smile (GS(+))
|
Other: Measurement of gingival display
All individuals were instructed to sit on a dental chair and the measurements were made by using a millimetric ruler. Next, the patients were grouped according to Liebart's classification by gingival display at maximum smile as follows:
Class 1.Excessive gingival display (Gummy smile): ≥ 3mm gingival display Class 2.High smile line: 0-2 mm of gingival display Class 3. Average smile line: Dental papilla is visible. Class 4. Low smile line: Gingival margin, dental papilla is not visible at all.
|
| Gumms smile(GS(-))
|
Other: Measurement of gingival display
All individuals were instructed to sit on a dental chair and the measurements were made by using a millimetric ruler. Next, the patients were grouped according to Liebart's classification by gingival display at maximum smile as follows:
Class 1.Excessive gingival display (Gummy smile): ≥ 3mm gingival display Class 2.High smile line: 0-2 mm of gingival display Class 3. Average smile line: Dental papilla is visible. Class 4. Low smile line: Gingival margin, dental papilla is not visible at all.
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Measurement of gingival display [1 minute]
All individuals were instructed to sit on a dental chair and the measurments were made by using a millimetric ruler. Next, the patients were grouped according to Liebart's classification by gingival display at maximum smile as follows: Class 1.Excessive gingival display (Gummy smile): ≥ 3mm gingival display Class 2.High smile line: 0-2 mm of gingival display Class 3. Average smile line: Dental papilla is visible. Class 4. Low smile line: Gingival margin, dental papilla is not visible at all.
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
-
presence of teeth in upper jaw
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Age between 18-65 years
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients who have received and/or are receiving orthodontic treatment and patients who received gummy smile treatment were excluded.
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Baskent University,Department of Dentistry | Ankara | Turkey |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- Baskent University
Investigators
None specified.Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
None provided.- MBilgin