Brain Response to Treatment for Pediatric PTSD

Sponsor

Stanford University (Other)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT01806701

Collaborator

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (NIH)

Enrollment

Location

Arm

Duration (Months)

1.8

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

This study will examine how brain activation changes as a result of behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adolescents. The investigators will conduct functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans before and after the widely-used trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy to better understand how the brain recovers from illness. This study will provide much needed information about brain abnormalities in abused youth, and could lead to improvements in behavioral treatments for patients who do not respond to current treatments.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Emotions Memory Deficits Post-traumatic Syndrome	Behavioral: Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy	N/A

Detailed Description

This is a neuroimaging study of changes in brain function associated with trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT)for abused youth suffering from PTSD. By scanning patients before and after treatment, the investigators will identify mediators (potential mechanisms) of recovery from PTSD.

Childhood maltreatment is unfortunately common, and can lead to significant problems in school, emotional difficulties, and physical ailments. Frequently, abused children develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), such as re-experiencing aspects of the trauma, avoiding trauma-related situations, and suffering from chronic hyperarousal. PTSD can inflict significant stress-related damage on the brain at any age, but may be particularly damaging during developmental periods such as adolescence. Therefore, effective treatments for PTSD in youth are critical, and this depends in part on our ability to understand the neural abnormalities underlying pediatric PTSD, and the brain changes accompanying recovery from PTSD.

TF-CBT is the "gold-standard" treatment for this population however, some patients continue to experience symptoms of PTSD following treatment. Examining neural changes associated with successful treatment may suggest adjunctive or additional steps to enhance recovery in non-responders or partly responsive patients.

The investigators will assess brain activation in response to an emotion-related task in 40 adolescents with PTSD before and after a 12 week TF-CBT treatment, conducted at Stanford University. The fidelity of TF-CBT treatment will be assured through ongoing consultation between clinicians and treatment co-creator Judith Cohen, M.D. Neuroimaging analyses will assess patterns of activation associated with response to TF-CBT. Also, the investigators will scan 30 age-matched healthy controls recruited from the same community, to compare with patients to identify abnormalities in brain structure and function in the PTSD group. Controls will be scanned before and after a 12-week interval as well, to allow analyses of test/retest reliability of fMRI measures in this age group.

Study Design

Study Type:

Interventional

Actual Enrollment :

68 participants

Allocation:

N/A

Intervention Model:

Single Group Assignment

Masking:

None (Open Label)

Primary Purpose:

Basic Science

Official Title:

Biomarkers of Clinical Response to Cognitive Treatment of PTSD in Youth

Study Start Date :

Apr 1, 2013

Actual Primary Completion Date :

May 1, 2016

Actual Study Completion Date :

May 1, 2016

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: Psychotherapy Trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy	Behavioral: Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy the 'gold-standard' behavioral treatment for children/adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder Other Names: TF-CBT

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

Experimental: Psychotherapy

Trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Behavioral: Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy

the 'gold-standard' behavioral treatment for children/adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder

Other Names:

TF-CBT

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

functional magnetic resonance imaging (brain activation) [change in brain activation after 4 months of treatment (baseline and 4 months)]
We will use functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure changes in brain activation after 4 months of psychotherapy

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

9 Years to 17 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Yes

Inclusion Criteria:

ages 12-17, history of physical or sexual abuse, witnessing violence, or bullying; and English speaking

Exclusion Criteria:

receiving other psychotherapy currently, taking medications for a psychiatric disorder currently, history of head injury with loss of consciousness longer than 5 minutes; major medical condition such as epilepsy, diabetes, heart disease, or loss of hearing or vision, developmental disorder such as fragile X, autism, or Down's Syndrome, MRI contraindications including metal in the body from an injury or surgery, non-removeable piercings, or braces, Intelligence Quotient (IQ) < 70; schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, current substance abuse.