Epidemiology of Coronary Heart Disease in Men Aged 40 and Over
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
To examine whether the prevalence of subclinical coronary and aortic atherosclerotic disease is different among Japanese in Japan, Japanese in Hawaii, and black and white Americans.
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Detailed Description
BACKGROUND:
Substantial change toward a more Westernized lifestyle has taken place among younger individuals who were born after World War II (WWII) in non-Western countries including Japan. Data from national sample surveys in Japan clearly demonstrate that risk factor profiles for coronary heart disease (CHD) are very similar to those in the United States (US) in this post WWII cohort. Men in Japan do have a considerably higher prevalence of cigarette smoking and men in the US have a higher prevalence of obesity. CHD mortality among men in Japan is, however, still less than a half of that in the US. Careful review of mortality statistics confirms this. This difference remains unique among industrialized countries.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
The study is a collaboration between Dr. Akira Sekikawa at the University of Pittsburgh and Dr. J. David Curb of the Pacific Health Research Institute in Honolulu, Hawaii. The study tests the null hypothesis that there are no differences in the extent of atherosclerosis among Japanese men in Japan, Japanese American men in Hawaii, and US white and black men in this post WWII birth cohort. The project is based on recent and ongoing successful Japan/US collaborations in the INTERMAP, INTERLIPID and Honolulu Heart Program studies including development of the first standardized US/Japan diet tables. The investigators will examine 300 white men and 100 black men aged 40-49, randomly selected from Allegheny County, PA, 300 Japanese American men aged 40-49 from the population-based sample recruited from the offspring of the members of the Honolulu Heart Program cohort, and 300 Japanese men aged 40-49, randomly selected from Kusatsu City, Japan. The Japanese recruitment and examination has already been supported in Japan. The extent of atherosclerosis and risk factor profiles for CHD will be evaluated and compared, as well as the relationship of specific risk factors to the measures of atherosclerosis. The measures of subclinical disease proposed include calcium scores of coronary artery and aorta measured by electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) and carotid intima thickness measured by ultrasound. Other proposed measures include dietary intake by food frequency questionnaire, total cholesterol, LDLc, HDLc, lipids by NMR spectroscopy, blood pressure, cigarette smoking, thiocyanate, omega-3 fatty acid, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), intra-abdominal fat, and others.
Study Design
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Intima-media thickness of the carotid artery as well as coronary artery calcification [first visit]
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion:
- Men aged 40-49 at the time of enrollment
Exclusion:
-Individuals with clinical cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease, stroke), and other severe disease
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 130 North Bellefield Avenue, Suite 546 | Pittsburgh | Pennsylvania | United States | 15213 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- University of Pittsburgh
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: J. David Curb, MD, MPH, Pacific Health Research Institute
- Principal Investigator: Akira Sekikawa, MD, PhD, PhD, University of Pittsburgh
- Principal Investigator: Hirotsugu Ueshima, MD, PhD, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
- Sekikawa A, Horiuchi BY, Edmundowicz D, Ueshima H, Curb JD, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Okamura T, Kadowaki T, Kashiwagi A, Mitsunami K, Murata K, Nakamura Y, Rodriguez BL, Kuller LH. A "natural experiment" in cardiovascular epidemiology in the early 21st century. Heart. 2003 Mar;89(3):255-7.
- Sekikawa A, Okamura T, Kadowaki T, Mitsunami K, Murata K, Kashiwagi A, Nakamura Y, Kanda H, Edmundowicz D, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Curb JD, Kuller LH, Ueshima H. [Electron-beam computed tomography for identification of high-risk persons in primary prevention of coronary heart disease in the United States and its implication for Japan]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2003 Mar;50(3):183-93. Review. Japanese.
- 1233
- R01HL068200-05