A Phase II Study of Minocycline and Armodafinil for Reducing the Symptom Burden Produced by Chemoradiation Treatment for Esophageal Cancer

• Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (Other)
• Overall Status: Completed
• CT.gov ID: NCT01746043
• Collaborator: National Cancer Institute (NCI) (NIH)
• Enrollment: 22
• Location: 1
• Arms: 4
• Duration (Months): 47
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 0.5

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical research study is to compare armodafinil and minocycline when given alone or in combination to learn which is better for controlling side effects of chemoradiation treatment for esophageal cancer (such as fatigue, pain, disturbed sleep, lack of appetite, and drowsiness).

Armodafinil is designed to prevent excessive sleepiness.

Minocycline is an antibiotic, which may help to reduce multiple symptoms.

In this study, you may receive a placebo. A placebo is not a drug. It looks like the study drug but is not designed to treat any disease or illness. It is designed to be compared with a study drug to learn if the study drug has any real effect.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Esophageal Cancer	Drug: Armodafinil; Other: Placebo; Drug: Minocycline; Behavioral: Questionnaires	Phase 2

Detailed Description

Study Groups:

If you are eligible to take part in this study, you will be randomly assigned (as in the roll of dice) to join 1 of 4 groups. You will have an equal chance of being in any group.

• Group 1 will take armodafinil and a placebo.

• Group 2 will take minocycline and a placebo.

• Group 3 will take armodafinil and minocycline.

• Group 4 will take 2 placebos.

Neither you nor the study staff you will see in the clinic will know if you are receiving the study drug(s) and/or the placebo(s). However, if needed for your safety, the study staff will be able to find out which study drug you are receiving.

If needed, you will be given standard drugs to help decrease the risk of side effects. You may ask the study staff for information about how the drugs are given and their risks.

Study Drug/Placebo Administration:

You will take the study drug/placebo 2 times a day for 6 weeks. You should take the capsules with a full glass of water. If you get an upset stomach, take them with food.

You will be given pamphlets with more information about how to take the study capsules.

You should bring your study capsules to every study visit.

Completing the Symptom Questionnaire:

Throughout the study, you will be asked to complete a questionnaire about your symptoms. This questionnaire will ask about symptoms from therapy you may be having and how they may be interfering with your daily activities. The study staff will either meet you during your regular clinic visit or call you at your home at a time that is convenient for you. In the clinic, you will complete the questionnaire by paper and pen, or by entering your answers into an electronic tablet computer. On the phone, a study staff member will ask you the questions and record your answers. You will complete the symptom questionnaire before you begin chemoradiation and then 1 time a week for the rest of the study. The symptom questionnaire will take up to 5 minutes to complete.

Study Visits:

Before you begin chemoradiation:

• You will complete questionnaires about pain and other symptoms, your mood, and your quality of life. Completing all 5 questionnaires will take about 15 minutes.

• If you can become pregnant and you did not have a pregnancy test during screening, you will have a urine pregnancy test. The study staff will give you the urine pregnancy test kit at your scheduled visit, and will review the results before you pick up the study capsules from the pharmacy.

About Week 3 or 4, you will be asked to complete a questionnaire that asks you about your satisfaction with the study capsules. This will take a few minutes.

During the last week of chemoradiation (about Week 5 or 6):

• You will complete 3 questionnaires about your symptoms, mood, and quality of life. These questionnaires will take about 10 minutes total to complete.

• You will also be asked to complete a questionnaire that asks about your satisfaction with the study capsules. This will take a few minutes.

After about Week 5 or 6, the study staff will call you 1 time a week to check on you until the study ends. This phone call should last only a few minutes. If you have had several side effects from chemoradiation, this phone call may take longer.

At your first routine clinical follow-up visit (about Week 10 to 14):

• You will complete the 3 questionnaires about your symptoms, mood, and quality of life.

• You will also be asked to complete another questionnaire that asks about your satisfaction with the study capsules.

Length of Study:

You will be on study for about 10-14 weeks. You will take the study drug(s) for 6 weeks and complete the symptom survey until the end of the study. You will be taken off study early if you have intolerable side effects.

This is an investigational study. Armodafinil is FDA approved and commercially available for the treatment of sleepiness. Minocycline is FDA approved and commercially available for the treatment of bacterial infections. The use of these drugs to help reduce chemoradiation symptoms is investigational.

Up to 80 patients will take part in this study. All will be enrolled at MD Anderson.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional
• Actual Enrollment: 22 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: A Randomized Phase II Study of Minocycline and Armodafinil for Reducing the Symptom Burden Produced by Chemoradiation Treatment for Esophageal Cancer
• Study Start Date: Feb 1, 2013
• Actual Primary Completion Date: Jan 1, 2017
• Actual Study Completion Date: Jan 1, 2017

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: Armodafinil + Placebo Armodafinil 150 mg by mouth once a day for 6 weeks. Placebo 1 capsule by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks. Intervention agents start the day of CXRT, or within 5 days of the start CXRT, and continue for a total of 6 weeks. Completion of symptom questionnaires before chemoradiation and then 1 time a week during Weeks 1-10 of the study. Questionnaire take up to 5 minutes to complete.	Drug: Armodafinil; 150 mg by mouth once a day for 6 weeks.; Other Names: Nuvigil ; Other: Placebo; 1 capsule by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks.; Other Names: Sugar pill ; Behavioral: Questionnaires; Completion of symptom questionnaires before chemoradiation and then 1 time a week during Weeks 1-10 of the study. Questionnaire take up to 5 minutes to complete.; Other Names: Surveys
Experimental: Minocycline + Placebo Minocycline 100 mg by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks. Placebo 1 capsule by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks. Intervention agents start the day of CXRT, or within 5 days of the start CXRT, and continue for a total of 6 weeks. Completion of symptom questionnaires before chemoradiation and then 1 time a week during Weeks 1-10 of the study. Questionnaire take up to 5 minutes to complete.	Other: Placebo; 1 capsule by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks.; Other Names: Sugar pill ; Drug: Minocycline; 100 mg by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks.; Other Names: Dynacin Minocin Minocin PAC Myrac Solodyn ; Behavioral: Questionnaires; Completion of symptom questionnaires before chemoradiation and then 1 time a week during Weeks 1-10 of the study. Questionnaire take up to 5 minutes to complete.; Other Names: Surveys
Experimental: Armodafinil + Minocycline Armodafinil 150 mg by mouth once a day for 6 weeks. Minocycline 100 mg by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks.Intervention agents start the day of CXRT, or within 5 days of the start CXRT, and continue for a total of 6 weeks. Completion of symptom questionnaires before chemoradiation and then 1 time a week during Weeks 1-10 of the study. Questionnaire take up to 5 minutes to complete.	Drug: Armodafinil; 150 mg by mouth once a day for 6 weeks.; Other Names: Nuvigil ; Drug: Minocycline; 100 mg by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks.; Other Names: Dynacin Minocin Minocin PAC Myrac Solodyn ; Behavioral: Questionnaires; Completion of symptom questionnaires before chemoradiation and then 1 time a week during Weeks 1-10 of the study. Questionnaire take up to 5 minutes to complete.; Other Names: Surveys
Placebo Comparator: Placebos Placebo 1 capsule by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks. Intervention agents start the day of CXRT, or within 5 days of the start CXRT, and continue for a total of 6 weeks. Completion of symptom questionnaires before chemoradiation and then 1 time a week during Weeks 1-10 of the study. Questionnaire take up to 5 minutes to complete.	Other: Placebo; 1 capsule by mouth 2 times a day for 6 weeks.; Other Names: Sugar pill ; Behavioral: Questionnaires; Completion of symptom questionnaires before chemoradiation and then 1 time a week during Weeks 1-10 of the study. Questionnaire take up to 5 minutes to complete.; Other Names: Surveys

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. Proportion of Patients Under Each Treatment Arm Who Experienced a Mean Symptom Increase of 2 Units or More From Baseline to 6 Weeks. [Baseline, 6 weeks]

   Mean symptom score defined as the mean of MDASI fatigue, pain, disturbed sleep, lack of appetite, and drowsiness scores

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and Older
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with a pathologically proven diagnosis of esophageal cancer

2. Patients > or = 18 years old

3. Patients who will receive chemotherapy and radiation therapy

4. Patients who speak English or Spanish

5. Patients must be willing and able to review, understand, and provide written consent before starting therapy

6. Patients must agree to discontinue St John's Wort herbal supplement use, and refrain from taking it while on protocol

7. Women of childbearing potential (women who are not postmenopausal for at least 1 year and are not surgically sterile) must have a negative urine pregnancy test

8. Sexually active males and females must agree to use effective birth control or to be abstinent for the duration of the study period

9. Women currently taking birth control pills or planning to start birth control pills must agree to an additional method of birth control (either abstinence or a barrier method) while on the study medication and for 1 additional month after study completion.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients who are enrolled in other symptom management clinical trials

2. Patients currently taking methylphenidate and/or dextroamphetamine

3. Patients with a history of clinically significant cutaneous drug reaction, or a history of clinically significant hypersensitivity reaction, as documented in the patient medical records

4. Patients with pre-existing psychosis or bipolar disorder

5. Patients with pre-existing renal impairment: The screening cut off for serum creatinine >1.5 times the upper limit of normal, within the past 30 days, will be done by the oncologist to qualify for CXRT.

6. Patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment: The screening for total bilirubin >25.7 µmol/L (1.5 mg/dL) will be done by the oncologist to qualify for CXRT. The screening for > 2 times the upper limit of normal hepatotoxicity, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) will be done by the oncologist to qualify for CXRT.

7. Patients with pre-existing Tourette's syndrome

8. Patients with hypersensitivity to any tetracyclines

9. Patients with uncontrolled cardiac disease, including angina and cardiac ischemia, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, and mitral valve prolapse.

10. Patients taking medicines that are strong CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers (including conivaptan, indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, nefazodone, and phenetoin), or strong CYP2C19 inhibitors (including citalopram and clopidogrel).

11. Patients on vitamin K antagonist warfarin

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center	Houston	Texas	United States	77030

Sponsors and Collaborators

• M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
• National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Steven H. Lin, MD, PHD, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Additional Information:

• University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Website

Publications

None provided.

• Responsible Party: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01746043
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2012-0117; NCI-2013-00584; R01CA026582
• First Posted: Dec 10, 2012
• Last Update Posted: Jun 6, 2018
• Last Verified: May 1, 2018

• Keywords provided by M.D. Anderson Cancer Center: Esophageal cancer; Chemotherapy; Radiation therapy; XRT; Chemoradiation; CXRT; Symptom Burden; Armodafinil; Nuvigil; Minocycline; Dynacin; Minocin; Minocin PAC; Myrac; Solodyn; Placebo; Sugar pill; Questionnaires; Surveys
• Additional relevant MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms; Minocycline; Modafinil

Study Results

Participant Flow

Recruitment Details	Recruitment period: February 25, 2013 to January 5, 2017. All recruitment done at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Pre-assignment Detail	Of the 22 participants enrolled 1 participant were excluded from the study before assignment to groups: Of the 21 randomized patients, 19 (90%) were evaluable for the primary efficacy analysis.

Arm/Group Title	Armodafinil + Placebo	Minocycline + Placebo	Armodafinil + Minocycline	Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Armodafinil 150mg once a day during the entire course of radiation (6 weeks + 5 days).	Minocycline 100mg twice a day during the entire course of radiation therapy (6 weeks + 5 days)	Armodafinil (150 mg once a day for 6 weeks) + Minocycline (100 mg twice a day for 6 weeks).	Matching Placebo
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED	5	4	5	5
COMPLETED	5	4	5	5
NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	Armodafinil + Placebo	Minocycline + Placebo	Armodafinil + Minocycline	Placebo	Total
Arm/Group Description	Armodafinil 150mg once a day during the entire course of radiation (6 weeks + 5 days)	Minocycline 100mg twice a day during the entire course of radiation therapy (6 weeks + 5 days)	Armodafinil (150 mg once a day for 6 weeks) + Minocycline (100 mg twice a day for 6 weeks).	Matching Placebo	Total of all reporting groups
Overall Participants	5	4	5	5	19
Age (Count of Participants)
<=18 years	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Between 18 and 65 years	2 40%	2 50%	2 40%	5 100%	11 57.9%
>=65 years	3 60%	2 50%	3 60%	0 0%	8 42.1%
Age (years) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [years]	63.4 (4.6)	64.5 (0.6)	61.6 (10.2)	56.2 (4.9)	61.4 (5.1)
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	2 40%	0 0%	2 40%	0 0%	4 21.1%
Male	3 60%	4 100%	3 60%	5 100%	15 78.9%
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
Hispanic or Latino	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Not Hispanic or Latino	5 100%	4 100%	5 100%	5 100%	19 100%
Unknown or Not Reported	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Region of Enrollment (Count of Participants)
United States	5 100%	4 100%	5 100%	5 100%	19 100%

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	Proportion of Patients Under Each Treatment Arm Who Experienced a Mean Symptom Increase of 2 Units or More From Baseline to 6 Weeks.
Description	Mean symptom score defined as the mean of MDASI fatigue, pain, disturbed sleep, lack of appetite, and drowsiness scores
Time Frame	Baseline, 6 weeks

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

Of the 21 randomized patients , 19 (90% were evaluable for the primary efficacy analysis).

Arm/Group Title	Armodafinil + Placebo	Minocycline + Placebo	Armodafinil + Minocycline	Placebos
Arm/Group Description	Armodafinil 150mg once a day during the entire course of radiation (6 weeks + 5 days)	Minocycline 100mg twice a day during the entire course of radiation therapy (6 weeks + 5 days)	Armodafinil (150mg once a day) + Minocycline (100mg once a day)	Matching Placebo
Measure Participants	5	4	5	5
Count of Participants [Participants]	0 0%	2 50%	1 20%	2 40%

Adverse Events

Arm/Group Title	Armodafinil		Minocycline		Armodafinil+Minocycline		Placebo
Arm/Group Description	Armodafinil 150 mg once a day during the entire course of chemoXRT (6 weeks + 5 days) or a total of 6 weeks.		Minocycline 100 mg twice a day during the entire course of chemoXT ( 6 weeks + 5 days)		Armodafinil + Minocycline		Matching Placebo
All Cause Mortality
	Armodafinil		Minocycline		Armodafinil+Minocycline		Placebo
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/5 (0%)		0/4 (0%)		0/5 (0%)		0/5 (0%)
Serious Adverse Events
	Armodafinil		Minocycline		Armodafinil+Minocycline		Placebo
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	1/5 (20%)		1/4 (25%)		1/5 (20%)		1/5 (20%)
Gastrointestinal disorders
Dysphagia	1/5 (20%)		0/4 (0%)		0/5 (0%)		0/5 (0%)
General disorders
Fatigue	1/5 (20%)		0/4 (0%)		0/5 (0%)		0/5 (0%)
Fever	0/5 (0%)		1/4 (25%)		0/5 (0%)		0/5 (0%)
Nervous system disorders
Peripheral Neuropathy	0/5 (0%)		0/4 (0%)		1/5 (20%)		0/5 (0%)
Headache	0/5 (0%)		0/4 (0%)		0/5 (0%)		1/5 (20%)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	Armodafinil		Minocycline		Armodafinil+Minocycline		Placebo
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/5 (0%)		0/4 (0%)		0/5 (0%)		0/5 (0%)

Limitations/Caveats

[Not Specified]

More Information

Certain Agreements

All Principal Investigators ARE employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.