Study to Evaluate the Impact of FeNO Assessments on Asthma Management Decisions in Subject 7 to 60 Years of Age

• Sponsor: Aerocrine AB (Industry)
• Overall Status: Completed
• CT.gov ID: NCT01729247
• Collaborator: (none)
• Enrollment: 50
• Location: 1
• Duration (Months): 1
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 49.1

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

Objective: To evaluate the impact of FeNO assessments on asthma treatment decisions.

Secondary objectives: Evaluate the ability of physicians to correctly assess airway inflammation using standard clinical assessment tools (i.e., prior to FeNO measurement). Estimate the cost consequences of changes in asthma management following FeNO determinations

Number of participants: Approximately 40 to 50 subjects will participate in the study during an (approximately) 8-12 week study enrollment period.

Reference product: NIOX MINO® Instrument (09-1100)

Performance assessments: Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) Measurements will be performed according to the "Perform FeNO Measurement" guidelines on page 7 of the NIOX MINO® User Manual (February, 2011).

Response to Study Physician Questions before (Questions 1, 2, and 3) and after (Question 4) FeNO has been measured and seen by the Physician/Health Care Practitioner.

Safety assessments: The Investigator is responsible for the detection, reporting, and documentation of events meeting the definition of an Adverse Event (AE) and/or Serious Injuries as provided in this clinical investigation plan (CIP) from the time that informed consent has been provided and during the study period

Criteria for evaluation: This is an observational, pilot study and there are currently no plans for a formal statistical analysis. Information gained from this study may be used to design subsequent studies in subjects with asthma. Data collected will be summarized in a clinical study report but will not be subject to formal hypothesis testing

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Asthma	Device: NIOX MINO® Instrument (09-1100)

Detailed Description

INTRODUCTION

Overview:

The measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is the only clinical test for measuring airway inflammation that can be performed consistently and accurately in clinical practice at the point-of-care. Airway inflammation is now recognized as the central mechanism in the pathogenesis of asthma. The measurement of FeNO with the NIOX MINO® device provides a rapid, noninvasive, and inexpensive tool to assess airway inflammation in inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma. The test is easy to perform and requires minimal training for the operator to conduct the test.

Role of Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO):

FeNO has evolved as a predictive and prognostic biomarker for airway inflammation. Nitric oxide (NO) gas is produced in the epithelial cells of the bronchial wall as an intrinsic part of the inflammatory process.

Measuring the amount of FeNO is useful in the initial assessment of patients with chronic cough or non-specific respiratory symptoms suggestive of asthma, and for the management of patients with established asthma who are receiving corticosteroid treatment.

Intended Use:

NIOX MINO® measures Nitric Oxide (NO) in human breath. Nitric Oxide is frequently increased in inflammatory processes such as asthma. The fractional NO concentration in expired breath (FeNO) can be measured by NIOX MINO® with assurance that such measurements are repeatable and according to guidelines for NO measurement established by the American Thoracic Society.

Rationale for Study:

None of the standard clinical assessment tools provide information regarding underlying airway inflammation, the control of which is central to an effective asthma management strategy. Therefore this study will evaluate the impact of FeNO assessments on asthma treatment decisions in approximately 40-50 subjects 7-60 years of age with asthma. This pilot study will also provide information regarding the ability of physicians to correctly assess airway inflammation using standard clinical assessment tools (i.e., prior to FeNO measurement). Finally, this pilot study will allow the cost consequences of changes in asthma management following FeNO determinations to be estimated.

CLINICAL INVESTIGATION OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of FeNO assessments on asthma treatment decisions.

The secondary objectives of this study are to:

• Evaluate the ability of physicians to correctly assess airway inflammation using standard clinical assessment tools (i.e., prior to FeNO measurement).

• Estimate the cost consequences of changes in asthma management following FeNO determinations.

CLINICAL INVESTIGATION PLAN

This is a pilot, observational, single-center, single-visit, outpatient study. Approximately 30 to 50 subjects will participate in the study during an (approximately) 8 to 12 week study enrollment period. Eligible subjects who meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria for this study will be invited to participate. The following documentation and information will be provided by subjects:

• Informed consent

• Demographics

• Smoking history (cigarettes only)

• Usual asthma standard of care assessments

• Asthma control test questionnaire

• Spirometry

• Study physician questions

FeNO: FeNO will be performed and the value will be reviewed and record.

Subject discharge from the study:

Once all information has been collected and all procedures have been performed, the subject will be discharged from the clinic and their study participation will be complete

Medical device:

The NIOX MINO® was initially cleared by the FDA on March 4, 2008 as a new hand-held device for the measurement of exhaled Nitric Oxide, a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. The most recent clearance by the FDA was on September 2, 2010 for Instrument (09-1100), which will be used in this study. NIOX MINO® can be used in children 7-17 years of age and in adults 18 years of age or older in the initial assessment and management of asthma.

The NIOX MINO® is a 10 second test based on exhaled breath measured at a 50 ml/second flow rate. Results are provided at the point of care within 2 minutes after the successful completion of the breath test. The test cannot be influenced by patient effort or variations in the clinician's test technique.

Definitions:

Adverse event: Any incident where the use of a medical device (including in vitro diagnostics) is suspected to have resulted in an adverse outcome in a patient.

Serious Injury means injury or illness that:

• Is life-threatening

• Results in permanent impairment of a body function or permanent damage to a body structure, or

• Necessitates medical or surgical intervention to preclude permanent impairment of a body function or permanent damage to a body structure.

Malfunction: the failure of a device to meet its performance specifications or otherwise perform as intended.

Caused or contributed: the death or serious injury was or may have been attributed to a medical device, or that the medical device was or may have been a factor in a death or serious injury, including events occurring as a result of:

• Failure

• Malfunction

• Improper or inadequate design

• Manufacture

• Labeling

• User error

Study Design

• Study Type: Observational
• Actual Enrollment: 50 participants
• Observational Model: Case-Only
• Time Perspective: Prospective
• Study Start Date: Oct 1, 2012
• Actual Primary Completion Date: Nov 1, 2012
• Actual Study Completion Date: Nov 1, 2012

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
FeNO Participants with asthma will have a fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement taken by NIOX MINO® Instrument (09-1100) according to the 'Perform FeNO Measurement' guidelines on page 7 of the NIOX MINO® User Manual (February 2011) during their study visit.	Device: NIOX MINO® Instrument (09-1100)

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. FeNO Values by ACT Score [Study Visit (single visit study). Approximately 1 hour.]

   Scores on an asthma control test (ACT) of <=19 indicates less well controlled asthma, scores >19 indicate well controlled asthma. Force exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was measured using a NIOX MINO device. FeNO measures were compared against ACT scores.

2. FeNO Categorical Levels by ICS Use [Study visit (single visit study). Approximately1 hour.]

   Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is measured using a NIOX MINO device. FeNO measurements were categorized into low (<25 ppb), intermediate (>=25 to <=50 ppb) and high (>50 ppb). Number of participants falling into FeNO categories were then categorized as those that used inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or ICS/long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) and those who did not use ICS or ICS/LABA.

Secondary Outcome Measures

1. Physician Assessment of Airway Inflammation [Study visit (single visit study) approximately 1 hour]

   Assessment of airway inflammation was performed by an allergist or nurse practitioner/physicians assistant prior to knowledge of forced exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) results. Airway inflammation was categorized as low, intermediate or high. Mean FeNO results were summarized by the physicians assessment of airway inflammation (low, intermediate, high, or unsure).

2. Number of Participants Correctly Categorized by True Level of Airway Inflammation [Study visit (single visit study) approximately 1 hour.]

   Assessment of airway inflamation was performed by an allergist or nurse practioner/physicians assistant prior to knowledge of forced exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) results. Airway inflamation was categorized as low, intermediate or high. A summary of the number of participants with correctly identified airway inflammation assessments by the physician for each true level of inflammation are displayed below.

3. Asthma Management Changes After FeNO Results Were Considered [Study visit (single visit study). Approximately1 hour.]

   Assessment of airway inflammation was performed by an allergist or nurse practitioner/physicians assistant prior to knowledge of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) results. Airway inflammation was categorized as low, intermediate or high. Based on these assessments asthma medications were prescribed (prior to knowledge of FeNO results). Following the initial prescriptions, the physicians were informed of FeNO results, and any changes to asthma medication prescriptions were recorded. Asthma medications included short-acting beta-agonist (SABA), inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), ICS/long-acting beta-agonist (LABA), leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA), and oral corticosteroid (OCS).

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 7 Years to 60 Years
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age: 7 to 60 years of age, inclusive

• Sex: Males and Females

• Diagnosis: Asthma

Exclusion Criteria:

• Concurrent Conditions or Disease: Subjects with an established diagnosis of chronic, obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis, obliterative bronchiolitis, ciliary dyskinesia, post-viral bronchial hyperresponsive syndrome, or vocal cord dysfunction are excluded from participation

• Cigarette Smoking: Subjects with greater than a 10 pack-year history of cigarette smoking are excluded from participation

• Study Participation Outside of This Protocol: Subjects currently enrolled in studies of Investigational or Non-Investigational Drugs or Medical Devices and/or who participated in these studies within 30 days prior to this study are excluded from participation

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	North Carolina Clinical Research	Raleigh	North Carolina	United States	27607

Sponsors and Collaborators

• Aerocrine AB

Investigators

None specified.

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Publications

None provided.

• Responsible Party: Aerocrine AB
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01729247
• Other Study ID Numbers: AER-043
• First Posted: Nov 20, 2012
• Last Update Posted: Mar 3, 2014
• Last Verified: Jan 1, 2014

• Keywords provided by Aerocrine AB: Asthma
• Additional relevant MeSH terms: Asthma

Study Results

Participant Flow

Recruitment Details	Participants expressing interest who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were asked to sign written informed consent prior to participation.

Arm/Group Title	FeNO
Arm/Group Description	Participants with asthma will have a fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement taken by NIOX MINO® Instrument (09-1100) according to the 'Perform FeNO Measurement' guidelines on page 7 of the NIOX MINO® User Manual (February 2011) during their study visit.
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED	50
COMPLETED	50
NOT COMPLETED	0

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	FeNO
Arm/Group Description	Participants with asthma will have a fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement taken by NIOX MINO® Instrument (09-1100) according to the 'Perform FeNO Measurement' guidelines on page 7 of the NIOX MINO® User Manual (February 2011) during their study visit.
Overall Participants	50
Age (years) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [years]	35.1 (15.81)
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	30 60%
Male	20 40%
Region of Enrollment (participants) [Number]
United States	50 100%
Smoking Status (participants) [Number]
Never Smoked	35 70%
Current Smoker	0 0%
Past Smoker	15 30%
Current Medications used for Pulmonary and/or Allergy Conditions (participants) [Number]
SABA	47 94%
ICS/LABA Combination	20 40%
H1-Receptor Antagonist	17 34%
ICS	10 20%
Antihistamine	9 18%
Intranasal Corticosteroid	9 18%
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist	8 16%
Nasal Decongestant	4 8%

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	FeNO Values by ACT Score
Description	Scores on an asthma control test (ACT) of <=19 indicates less well controlled asthma, scores >19 indicate well controlled asthma. Force exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was measured using a NIOX MINO device. FeNO measures were compared against ACT scores.
Time Frame	Study Visit (single visit study). Approximately 1 hour.

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Low ACT Score	High ACT Score
Arm/Group Description	Participants who had an asthma control test (ACT) score of <=19, which indicates less well-controlled asthma	Participants who had an asthma control test (ACT) score of >19, which indicates well-controlled asthma
Measure Participants	29	21
Mean (Standard Deviation) [parts per billion (ppb)]	40.3 (50.84)	26.3 (21.42)

2. Primary Outcome

Title	FeNO Categorical Levels by ICS Use
Description	Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is measured using a NIOX MINO device. FeNO measurements were categorized into low (<25 ppb), intermediate (>=25 to <=50 ppb) and high (>50 ppb). Number of participants falling into FeNO categories were then categorized as those that used inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or ICS/long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) and those who did not use ICS or ICS/LABA.
Time Frame	Study visit (single visit study). Approximately1 hour.

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	ICS Use	No ICS Use
Arm/Group Description	Participants that used inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or ICS/long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)	Participants that did not use inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or ICS/long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)
Measure Participants	29	21
Low FeNO	18 36%	11 NaN
Intermediate FeNO	6 12%	4 NaN
High FeNO	5 10%	6 NaN

3. Secondary Outcome

Title	Physician Assessment of Airway Inflammation
Description	Assessment of airway inflammation was performed by an allergist or nurse practitioner/physicians assistant prior to knowledge of forced exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) results. Airway inflammation was categorized as low, intermediate or high. Mean FeNO results were summarized by the physicians assessment of airway inflammation (low, intermediate, high, or unsure).
Time Frame	Study visit (single visit study) approximately 1 hour

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Low Airway Inflammation	Intermediate Airway Inflammation	High Airway Inflammation
Arm/Group Description	As categorized by physician assessment	As categorized by physician assessment	As categorized by physician assessment
Measure Participants	34	14	2
Mean (Standard Deviation) [parts per billion (ppb)]	31.4 (38.16)	40.6 (51.37)	42.0 (25.46)

4. Secondary Outcome

Title	Number of Participants Correctly Categorized by True Level of Airway Inflammation
Description	Assessment of airway inflamation was performed by an allergist or nurse practioner/physicians assistant prior to knowledge of forced exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) results. Airway inflamation was categorized as low, intermediate or high. A summary of the number of participants with correctly identified airway inflammation assessments by the physician for each true level of inflammation are displayed below.
Time Frame	Study visit (single visit study) approximately 1 hour.

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Low Airway Inflammation	Intermediate Airway Inflammation	High Airway Inflammation
Arm/Group Description	As categorized by physician assessment	As categorized by physician assessment	As categorized by physician assessment
Measure Participants	29	10	11
Number [participants correctly categorized]	21 42%	3 NaN	1 NaN

5. Secondary Outcome

Title	Asthma Management Changes After FeNO Results Were Considered
Description	Assessment of airway inflammation was performed by an allergist or nurse practitioner/physicians assistant prior to knowledge of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) results. Airway inflammation was categorized as low, intermediate or high. Based on these assessments asthma medications were prescribed (prior to knowledge of FeNO results). Following the initial prescriptions, the physicians were informed of FeNO results, and any changes to asthma medication prescriptions were recorded. Asthma medications included short-acting beta-agonist (SABA), inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), ICS/long-acting beta-agonist (LABA), leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA), and oral corticosteroid (OCS).
Time Frame	Study visit (single visit study). Approximately1 hour.

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	FeNO
Arm/Group Description	Participants with asthma will have a fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement taken by NIOX MINO® Instrument (09-1100) according to the 'Perform FeNO Measurement' guidelines on page 7 of the NIOX MINO® User Manual (February 2011) during their study visit.
Measure Participants	50
No Changes	32 64%
Changes to SABA	9 18%
Changes to ICS	8 16%
Changes to ICS/LABA Combination	6 12%
Changes to LTRA	2 4%

Adverse Events

Time Frame	Study Visit (single visit study). Approximately 1 hour.
Arm/Group Title	FeNO
Arm/Group Description	Participants with asthma will have a fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement taken by NIOX MINO® Instrument (09-1100) according to the 'Perform FeNO Measurement' guidelines on page 7 of the NIOX MINO® User Manual (February 2011) during their study visit.
All Cause Mortality
	FeNO
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	/ (NaN)
Serious Adverse Events
	FeNO
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/50 (0%)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	FeNO
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/50 (0%)

Limitations/Caveats

[Not Specified]

More Information

Certain Agreements

Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.