Kettlebell Swings and Paraspinal Muscle Function

Sponsor

University of Central Florida (Other)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT06069271

Collaborator

(none)

Enrollment

Location

Arms

34.4

Actual Duration (Months)

1.2

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The purpose of this randomized control trial is to determine the extent of muscle fatigue in the lumbar erector spinae musculature secondary to a high-intensity interval kettlebell swing protocol utilizing TMG previously published by Jay et. al in 2011.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Exercise Training	Other: Kettlebell swing	N/A

Detailed Description

Background: Kettlebell swings are commonly utilized to target the lumbar erector spinae and lower body musculature. This exercise exhibits distinct loading properties that requires cyclical contraction of the trunk extensors and posterior chain, potentially explaining its novel influence on muscle contractility. Tensiomyography (TMG) is a reliable, noninvasive, passive technique that may be used to examine muscular fatigue produced by kettlebell swings. Purpose: The purpose of this randomized control trial is to determine the extent of muscle fatigue in the lumbar erector spinae musculature secondary to a high-intensity interval kettlebell swing protocol utilizing TMG previously published by Jay et. al in 2011. Subjects: Forty-one adults between the ages of 18 and 45 were recruited. Inclusion criteria included subjects with no recent history of low back pain and clearance by the physical activity readiness questionnaire. Methods: Participants were randomly allocated to either a kettlebell swing group (KBS; n=21) or a control group (CON; n=20) who only performed the unloaded warm up. Participants were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 24-hours post-intervention for bilateral erector spinae fatigue, measured by five TMG parameters (Dm, Tc, Tr, Td, Ts).

Study Design

Study Type:

Interventional

Actual Enrollment :

41 participants

Allocation:

Randomized

Intervention Model:

Parallel Assignment

Intervention Model Description:

Randomized Control TrialRandomized Control Trial

Masking:

Single (Outcomes Assessor)

Masking Description:

Assessor was blinded to group assignment

Primary Purpose:

Treatment

Official Title:

The Immediate Effects of a Standardized Kettlebell Swing Protocol on Lumbar Paraspinal Muscle Function

Actual Study Start Date :

Mar 4, 2020

Actual Primary Completion Date :

Mar 8, 2022

Actual Study Completion Date :

Jan 15, 2023

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
No Intervention: Rest Subjects in the control group were instructed to complete the general warm up followed by a 10-minute rest period.
Experimental: Exercise The intervention group completed two-handed Russian KBSs using an interval training protocol outlined by Jay et al.10 involving 30 seconds of work followed by 30 seconds of rest for 10 total intervals. Prior to completing the intervention, participants completed a general warmup consisting of 10 non-weighted squats, 10 non-weighted dead-lifts, and 10 dowel rod shoulder flexion repetitions. Participants were instructed to perform all warm-up activities at an intensity of 70% of maximal effort using a Rate of Perceived Exertion scale(RPE).	Other: Kettlebell swing The intervention group completed two-handed Russian KBSs using an interval training protocol outlined by Jay et al.10 involving 30 seconds of work followed by 30 seconds of rest for 10 total intervals. Prior to completing the intervention, participants completed a general warmup consisting of 10 non-weighted squats, 10 non-weighted dead-lifts, and 10 dowel rod shoulder flexion repetitions. Participants were instructed to perform all warm-up activities at an intensity of 70% of maximal effort using a Rate of Perceived Exertion scale(RPE).

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

No Intervention: Rest

Subjects in the control group were instructed to complete the general warm up followed by a 10-minute rest period.

Experimental: Exercise

The intervention group completed two-handed Russian KBSs using an interval training protocol outlined by Jay et al.10 involving 30 seconds of work followed by 30 seconds of rest for 10 total intervals. Prior to completing the intervention, participants completed a general warmup consisting of 10 non-weighted squats, 10 non-weighted dead-lifts, and 10 dowel rod shoulder flexion repetitions. Participants were instructed to perform all warm-up activities at an intensity of 70% of maximal effort using a Rate of Perceived Exertion scale(RPE).

Other: Kettlebell swing

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Tensiomyography [Baseline, immediate after exercise, 24 hours after exercise]
Research has progressed to support the test-retest and inter-rater reliability using TMG for measurement of muscle contraction. TMG demonstrates good to excellent relative reliability(0.80-0.99) and inter-rater ICC between 0.77-0.97 Across all five TMG parameters.4-7

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years to 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Yes

Inclusion Criteria:

Ages of 18 and 45 years of age.
Clear PAR-Q

Exclusion Criteria:

history of low back pain
pre-existing injuries
If "YES" was the response to any of the seven questions in the PAR-Q, the participant was deemed to be unable to exercise safely.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	University of Central Florida	Orlando	Florida	United States	32816

Sponsors and Collaborators

University of Central Florida

Investigators

Study Director: William J Hanney, PhD, University of Central Florida

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Publications

None provided.

Responsible Party:

Randi Richardson, Clinical Assistant Professor, University of Central Florida

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:

NCT06069271

Other Study ID Numbers:

00001277

First Posted:

Oct 5, 2023

Last Update Posted:

Oct 5, 2023

Last Verified:

Sep 1, 2023

Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:

Plan to Share IPD:

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product:

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product:

Study Results

No Results Posted as of Oct 5, 2023