Temocillin Pharmacokinetic in Hemodialysis

Sponsor

AZ Sint-Jan AV (Other)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT02285075

Collaborator

Paul Tulkens, Louvain drug research institute, belgium (Other), Francoise Van Bambeke, Louvain drug research institute, belgium (Other), Ana Miranda Bastos, Louvain drug research institute, belgium (Other)

Enrollment

Locations

Arm

Duration (Months)

Patients Per Site

0.2

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The current study aimed to explore the pharmacokinetics of temocillin in patients treated with haemodialysis and to demonstrated whether or not the pharmacodynamics target of a time above a MIC of 16 mg/L of more than 40 and 60 % of the dosing interval could be obtained with a dosing schedule of 1 gram/24 hours, 2 gram/48 hours and 3 gram/72 hours, all of these doses given after haemodialysis sessions only.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Renal Failure Chronic Requiring Hemodialysis	Drug: temocillin PK/PD in haemodialysis	Phase 4

Detailed Description

Background: Temocillin is a renally cleared penicillin with long serum half-live and potent activity against most gram-negative bacteria, making it an ideal candidate for treatment given on dialysis days only of severe gram-negative infections in patients with ESRD treated with haemodialysis.

Endpoints:

Primary: The current study aimed to demonstrated by measurement of AUC whether or not the pharmacodynamics target of a time above a MIC of 8 and 16 mg/L of more than 40 and 60 % of the dosing interval could be obtained with a dosing schedule of 1 gram/24 hours, 2 gram/48 hours and 3 gram/72 hours, all of these doses given after haemodialysis sessions only.

Secondary: Key pharmacokinetic and dialytic parameters were determined as previously described16. The following parameters were recorded: the volume of distribution Vd (determined as Vd = dose / (Tempeak - Temtrough) in liter); the Vd/Wt (in liter/kg body weight); the non-dialysis clearance of temocillin (Ke(non-dialysis) = [ln(Tempeak) - ln(Tempre)] / time between peak level and start of next dialysis); the non-dialysis half-life (T1/2(non-dialysis) = 0.693 / Ke(non-dialysis) in hours); the dialysis clearance of temocillin (Ke(dialysis) = [ln(Tempre) - ln(Tempost)] / dialysis duration); the dialysis half-life (T1/2(dialysis) = 0.693 / Ke(dialysis) in hours); the Urea Reduction Ratio (URR = (BUNpre - BUNpost) / BUNpre); the Temocillin Reduction Ratio TRR = (Tempre - Tempost) / Tempre); the Temocillin Removal Ratio (the total amount of temocillin recovered in the dialysate, based on the area under the curve of the temocillin removal rate and the treatment time); and the AUC of temocillin. For all PK/PD analysis, the non-compartmental method using RStudio 0.98.501 with R 3.0.2 software was used.

Methods: Pharmacokinetic study measuring total and free temocillin concentrations in patients treated with intermittent haemodialysis and temocillin. Blood samples were drawn just before, and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 20 (before dialysis) and 24 (at the end of dialysis) hours after start of the infusion when patients were dialysed with a 1-day interval; just before and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 44 (before dialysis) and 48 (at the end of dialysis) hours after start of the infusion when patients were dialysed with a 2-day interval, and just before and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 68 (before dialysis) and 72 (at the end of dialysis) hours after start of the infusion if patients were dialysed with a 3-day interval. Patients were followed for 1 to 6 subsequent AUC. Dialysate samples were taken 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after the start of dialysis. All samples were taken from an arterial or venous catheter, after thorough rinsing. Serum (obtained by centrifugation after blood clotting) and dialysate was frozen (-80 C) immediately after sampling until analysis.

Temocillin total and free concentrations were determined with high performance liquid chromotography(HPLC) with a LiChrospher 100 RP-18 5 μm column (Merck AG), using an elution buffer 100 mM Na acetate buffer pH 7/acetonitrile (95:5, v/v), a flow rate 1 mL/min and a Waters 2690 Alliance System (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA), with quantification at 235 nm as previously described.

Study Design

Study Type:

Interventional

Actual Enrollment :

16 participants

Allocation:

N/A

Intervention Model:

Single Group Assignment

Masking:

None (Open Label)

Primary Purpose:

Treatment

Official Title:

A Clinical Pharmacokinetic Study: Is Three Times Weekly Temocillin Appropriate for the Treatment of Severe Gram-negative Infections in Patients With ESRD Treated With Intermittent Hemodialysis?

Study Start Date :

Jun 1, 2011

Actual Primary Completion Date :

Dec 1, 2014

Actual Study Completion Date :

Dec 1, 2014

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Other: temocillin PK/PD in haemodialysis Pharmacokinetic study measuring total and free temocillin concentrations in patients treated with haemodialysis receiving 1 gram temocillin for a 1 day interval, 2 gram temocillin for a two day interval and 3 gram temocillin for a 3 day interval to the next dialysis session	Drug: temocillin PK/PD in haemodialysis Pharmacokinetic study measuring total and free temocillin concentrations just before, and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 20 (before dialysis) and 24 (at the end of dialysis) hours after start of the infusion when patients were dialysed with a 1-day interval; just before and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 44 (before dialysis) and 48 (at the end of dialysis) hours after start of the infusion when patients were dialysed with a 2-day interval, and just before and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 68 (before dialysis) and 72 (at the end of dialysis) hours after start of the infusion if patients were dialysed with a 3-day interval in order to determine basic PK and PD parameters in patients treated with intermittent haemodialysis and temocillin (Vd, T1/2, protein binding, clearance, reduction rate and T > MIC of 8 and 16 mg/L).

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

Other: temocillin PK/PD in haemodialysis

Pharmacokinetic study measuring total and free temocillin concentrations in patients treated with haemodialysis receiving 1 gram temocillin for a 1 day interval, 2 gram temocillin for a two day interval and 3 gram temocillin for a 3 day interval to the next dialysis session

Drug: temocillin PK/PD in haemodialysis

Pharmacokinetic study measuring total and free temocillin concentrations just before, and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 20 (before dialysis) and 24 (at the end of dialysis) hours after start of the infusion when patients were dialysed with a 1-day interval; just before and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 44 (before dialysis) and 48 (at the end of dialysis) hours after start of the infusion when patients were dialysed with a 2-day interval, and just before and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 68 (before dialysis) and 72 (at the end of dialysis) hours after start of the infusion if patients were dialysed with a 3-day interval in order to determine basic PK and PD parameters in patients treated with intermittent haemodialysis and temocillin (Vd, T1/2, protein binding, clearance, reduction rate and T > MIC of 8 and 16 mg/L).

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

% of the dosing interval time above an MIC of 8 and 16 mg/L (% T>MIC 8 or 16 mg/L) [two to ten days]
Is T > MIC 8 and 16 mg/ML > 40 or 60 %

Secondary Outcome Measures

Determine basic pharmacokinetic parameters of temocillin in intermittent haemodialysis [two to ten days]
Vd (volume of distribution)
Determine basic pharmacokinetic parameters of temocillin in intermittent haemodialysis [two to ten days]
T1/2 (serum half life, on and of dialysis)
Determine basic pharmacokinetic parameters of temocillin in intermittent haemodialysis [two to ten days]
Temocillin clearance (renal and non-renal)
Determine basic pharmacokinetic parameters of temocillin in intermittent haemodialysis [two to ten days]
Temocillin reduction rate
Determine basic pharmacokinetic parameters of temocillin in intermittent haemodialysis [two to ten days]
temocillin removal rate
Determine basic pharmacokinetic parameters of temocillin in intermittent haemodialysis [two to ten days]
temocillin protein binding

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years and Older

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Inclusion Criteria:

all patients under treatment with haemodialysis for ESRD for whom a treatment with temocillin was indicated according to the attending physician were eligible for the study.