Effects of Energy Drinks on Sleep and Cardiovascular Health
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to learn about the change in quality of sleep, structural organization of sleep, and cardiovascular responses after consuming an energy drink compared to a placebo drink with no caffeine or stimulants.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Experimental: Energy drink first, then placebo drink Subjects will consume two 16-oz energy drinks before sleep for the first study visit, then consume two 16-oz identical looking placebo drink before sleep at the second study visit. |
Other: Energy Drink
Two 16-oz energy drinks consumed orally to be finished approximately 4 hours prior to bed
Other: Placebo Drink
Two 16-oz identical looking placebo drink without caffeine consumed orally to be finished approximately 4 hours prior to bed
|
| Experimental: Placebo drink first, than energy drink Subjects will consume two 16-oz identical looking placebo drink before sleep at the fist study visit, then consume two 16-oz energy drinks before sleep for the second study visit. |
Other: Energy Drink
Two 16-oz energy drinks consumed orally to be finished approximately 4 hours prior to bed
Other: Placebo Drink
Two 16-oz identical looking placebo drink without caffeine consumed orally to be finished approximately 4 hours prior to bed
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Changes in sleep efficiency [Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2)]
Time asleep / time in bed
- Changes in sleep continuity [Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2)]
Frequency of wakefulness after sleep initiation
- Changes in sleep architecture [Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2)]
Time spent in each stage of sleep
- QT segment [Baseline, approximately 1 hour prior to energy drink consumption]
QT duration
- QT segment [Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2)]
QT duration
- Atrial arrhythmias [Baseline, approximately 1 hour prior to energy drink consumption]
Frequency of ectopic atrial beats
- Atrial arrhythmias [Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2)]
Frequency of ectopic atrial beats
- Ventricular arrhythmias [Baseline, approximately 1 hour prior to energy drink consumption]
Frequency of ectopic ventricular beats
- Ventricular arrhythmias [Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2)]
Frequency of ectopic ventricular beats
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Sympathetic activation quantified by changes in plasma norepinephrine [Baseline and AM of day 2]
Plasma norepinephrine while supine
- Sympathetic activation quantified by changes in plasma epinephrine [Baseline and AM of day 2]
Plasma epinephrine while supine
- Sympathetic activation quantified by changes in plasma dopamine [Baseline and AM of day 2]
Plasma dopamine while supine
- Sympathetic activation quantified by urine norepinephrine [Approximately 24 hours]
Total urine norepinephrine secretion
- Sympathetic activation quantified by urine epinephrine [Approximately 24 hours]
Total urine epinephrine secretion
- Sympathetic activation quantified by urine dopamine [Approximately 24 hours]
Total urine dopamine secretion
Other Outcome Measures
- Changes in resting heart rate [Baseline and AM of day 2]
Seated heart rate
- Changes in resting blood pressure [Baseline and AM of day 2]
Seated systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
-
Adults 18 years of age and older.
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Healthy subjects without known cardiovascular disease and thyroid disease.
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Subjects who are on no medications (except oral contraceptive pill).
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Nonsmokers.
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No prior history of caffeine sensitivity or allergy.
Exclusion Criteria:
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Subjects with known cardiovascular or thyroid disease.
-
Subjects currently taking medications other than oral contraceptive pill.
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Smokers.
-
Prior history of caffeine sensitivity or allergy.
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Pregnancy.
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Subjects who regularly consume energy drinks.
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Subjects who typically go to sleep after midnight.
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Subjects who traveled across 2 time zones in the last 7 days.
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Shift workers.
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Subjects who have or are suspected to have sleep apnea.
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Subjects who have a body mass index > 35kg/m^2.
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mayo Clinic Rochester | Rochester | Minnesota | United States | 55905 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- Mayo Clinic
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Anna Svatikova, MD, PhD, Mayo Clinic
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Additional Information:
Publications
None provided.- 21-012902