Pomegranate Improve Biological Recovery Kinetics in Elite Weightlifter

Sponsor

The Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax (Other)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT02697903

Collaborator

(none)

Enrollment

Location

Arms

Duration (Months)

8.8

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

From the recent scientific literature in the field of biological response to physical exercise, a significant increase in muscle damage, soreness and inflammation were registered immediately and even 48 after resistance exercise. In the other hand, from the recent scientific literature in the field of nutrition it is well established that Pomegranate juice is a potent antioxidant that can help prevent or treat various disease risk factors. However, only few studies associated the effect of the pomegranate with the physical exercise. To the authors' knowledge, there are no studies investigated the acute and delayed effect of pomegranate supplementation in performance and muscle recovery after exercises involved muscle of whole body. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of natural Pomegranate juice supplementation on the acute and delayed response of muscle soreness and biochemical parameters following weightlifting training session

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Healthy	Dietary Supplement: Natural Pomegranate Juice Dietary Supplement: Placebo Juice	N/A

Detailed Description

Participants (i.e., 9 elite weightlifters) performed-as part of their habitual training program from 08h:00 to 09h:45- two training sessions using respectively, PLA and POMj supplementations (500ml), with a recovery period of 48 h in between. Upon arrival for their first test session, each participant's body mass and height were recorded. Moreover, before and after each tested training session, oral temperature was recorded with a calibrated digital clinical thermometer (Omron, Paris, France; accuracy: 0.05°C) inserted sublingually for at least 3 min with the subjects in a seated resting position for at least 15 min. Also, before and after each training session, fasting blood samples (blood sample 2, 3, 4 and 5, Figure1) were collected and heart rate (HR) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) were recorded using a heart rate monitor and a manual sphygmomanometer. Additionally, to assess the recovery kinetic of the biological parameters, blood sample, temperature, HR and SAP were collected at resting state (i.e., after 10 days of recovery, blood sample 6) and immediately (3min) after the training session which proceed the PLA session (blood sample 1). Given that values of markers of muscle damage remain raised for at least 7 days following intensive weightlifting exercises, a recovery period of 10 days was chosen to evaluate the biological resting state. Additionally, given that (i) using randomized order in this study will results in consuming POMj then PLA supplementations (after 48h) for some participant and (ii) the delayed effect of POMj (which we expect) could alter the results of PLA supplementation, in the present study investigators choose to avoid randomized order and to evaluate the PLA at first then the POMj effect using all the participant together. Supplements (1500ml) of placebo (PLA) or pomegrenate juice (POMj) were taken three times daily in the 48h which proceed the first and the second tested training sessions respectively (i.e. 250ml × 6 times with 8-h intervals between it). Moreover, during these tested sessions, subject consumed an additional 500ml of PLA and 500ml of POMj, respectively. The tested quantity of the natural POMj were prepared from a fresh pomegranate fruit 48h before the beginning of the experimentation and were shipped frozen and stored at -4°C. No additional chemical products were added to the natural POMj. Each 500-mL of the tested POMj contained 2.56g of total polyphenol, 1.08g of ortho-diphenols, 292.59mg of flavonoids and 46.75mg of flavonols. Subjects were reminded verbally through phone communication to consume at the required times their supplements. Placebo juice consisted of an Pomegranate-flavored commercial drink contained water, citric acid, natural flavor and natural identical flavor (Pomegranate), sweeteners (aspartame × (0.3g/l), acesulfame K (0.16g/l)), stabilizers (Arabic gum) and lacked antioxidants, fruit and vegetable extracts or vitamins. Placebo juice contains no polyphenols.

Study Design

Study Type:

Interventional

Actual Enrollment :

9 participants

Allocation:

Non-Randomized

Intervention Model:

Crossover Assignment

Masking:

None (Open Label)

Primary Purpose:

Supportive Care

Official Title:

Pomegranate Supplementation Accelerates the Recovery Kinetics of Muscle Damage, Muscle Soreness and Inflammatory Marker After Weightlifting Training Session.

Study Start Date :

Jan 1, 2015

Actual Primary Completion Date :

Feb 1, 2015

Actual Study Completion Date :

Feb 1, 2015

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: 9 elite weightlifters age: 21 ± 0.5 years, body mass: 80 ± 20 kg, height 175 ± 8.1 cm (mean ± SD). They received "Natural Pomegranate Juice" supplementation during and 48h following the first weightlifting training session.	Dietary Supplement: Natural Pomegranate Juice Supplements (1500ml) of pomegrenate juice (POMj) were taken three times daily in the 48h which proceed the first tested training sessions (i.e. 250ml × 6 times with 8-h intervals between it). Moreover, during this tested sessions, subject consumed an additional 500ml of POMj. Arm-specific: Experimental: 9 elite weightlifter
Placebo Comparator: 9elite weightlifters age: 21 ± 0.5 years, body mass: 80 ± 20 kg, height 175 ± 8.1 cm (mean ± SD). They received "Placebo Juice" supplementation during and 48h following the second weightlifting training session.	Dietary Supplement: Placebo Juice Supplements (1500ml) of Placebo juice (PLA) were taken three times daily in the 48h which proceed the second tested training sessions (i.e. 250ml × 6 times with 8-h intervals between it). Moreover, during this tested sessions, subject consumed an additional 500ml of POMj. Arm-specific: Placebo Comparator: 9 elite weightlifter

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

Experimental: 9 elite weightlifters

age: 21 ± 0.5 years, body mass: 80 ± 20 kg, height 175 ± 8.1 cm (mean ± SD). They received "Natural Pomegranate Juice" supplementation during and 48h following the first weightlifting training session.

Dietary Supplement: Natural Pomegranate Juice

Supplements (1500ml) of pomegrenate juice (POMj) were taken three times daily in the 48h which proceed the first tested training sessions (i.e. 250ml × 6 times with 8-h intervals between it). Moreover, during this tested sessions, subject consumed an additional 500ml of POMj. Arm-specific: Experimental: 9 elite weightlifter

Placebo Comparator: 9elite weightlifters

age: 21 ± 0.5 years, body mass: 80 ± 20 kg, height 175 ± 8.1 cm (mean ± SD). They received "Placebo Juice" supplementation during and 48h following the second weightlifting training session.

Dietary Supplement: Placebo Juice

Supplements (1500ml) of Placebo juice (PLA) were taken three times daily in the 48h which proceed the second tested training sessions (i.e. 250ml × 6 times with 8-h intervals between it). Moreover, during this tested sessions, subject consumed an additional 500ml of POMj. Arm-specific: Placebo Comparator: 9 elite weightlifter

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Change in physical performance from using Placebo to using Pomegranate juice [3min after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
The performance in each session was measured by the total volume lifted in the two Olympic movements (volume lifted (kg) in snatch added volume lifted (kg) in clean and Jerk: only the right lifts are taken into consideration) and by the maximal power lifted amounts in both Olympic movement (i.e., the maximal load lifted (kg) in the power snatch added to the maximal load lifted (kg) in the power clean and Jerk)
Change in Acute Hematological responses from using Placebo to using Pomegranate juice [3min after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
Haematological parameters (i.e., white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (NEU), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT)and platelets (PLT) were generally performed within 3 h of blood sampling in a multichannel automated blood cell analyser Beckman Coulter Gen system-2 (Coulter T540)
Change in Acute Biochemical responses from using Placebo to using Pomegranate juice [3min after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
Glycemia (GLY), Creatinine (CRE), muscle damage markers (Creatinine kinase (CK), Alkaline phosphate (PAL), Gammaglutamyl (GGT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) and c-reactive protein (CRP) were determined spectrophotometrically using Abott Architect Ci 4100
Change in Delayed Hematological responses from using Placebo to using Pomegranate juice [48h after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
Haematological parameters (i.e., white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (NEU), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT)and platelets (PLT) were generally performed within 3 h of blood sampling in a multichannel automated blood cell analyser Beckman Coulter Gen system-2 (Coulter T540)
Change in Delayed Biochemical responses from using Placebo to using Pomegranate juice [48h after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
Glycemia (GLY), Creatinine (CRE), muscle damage markers (Creatinine kinase (CK), Alkaline phosphate (PAL), Gammaglutamyl (GGT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) and c-reactive protein (CRP) were determined spectrophotometrically using Abott Architect Ci 4100

Secondary Outcome Measures

Change in the acute fatigue perception (RPE values) from Placebo to Pomegranate supplementation [3min after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
The RPE scale (15-points) runs from 6 (very, very light) to 20 (very, very hard) 10. RPE scale measures feelings of effort, strain, discomfort, and/or fatigue experienced during physical task. Although this is a subjective measure (person's exertion), RPE values were shown to provide good estimation of the increase in heart rate, muscle fatigue and several other physiological measures during physical activity
Change in the delayed muscle soreness (DOMS values) from Placebo to Pomegranate supplementation [48 after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
Delayed onset soreness (DOMS) of the knee extensor and elbow flexor was determined 48 hours after training sessions. 48h after each training session, participants were asked to rate subjectively the degree of soreness in both muscles using a visual analog scale of 0 (absence of soreness) to 10 (unbearable soreness) [28]. Soreness was normalized to 100% of the maximal perceived level.
Change in the acute oral temperature response from Placebo to Pomegranate supplementation [3min after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
oral temperature was recorded with a calibrated digital clinical thermometer (Omron, Paris, France; accuracy: 0.05°C) inserted sublingually for at least 3 min with the subjects in a seated resting position
Change in the acute Heart rate ( HR) response from Placebo to Pomegranate supplementation [3min after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
heart rate (HR) was recorded using a heart rate monitor
Change in the acute systolic arterial pressure (SAP) response from Placebo to Pomegranate supplementation [3min after Placebo and Pomegranate training sessions]
systolic arterial pressure (SAP) was recorded using a manual sphygmomanometer
Baseline values of body mass [at baseline status]
baseline values of height [at baseline status]

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

20 Years to 24 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Yes

Inclusion Criteria:

trained at least five sessions per week with 90 to 120 min per session
had an experience of more than 3 years in Olympic weightlifting

Exclusion Criteria:

use any antioxidant (e.g., vitamin E, A, C etc..) or anti-inflammatory during the experimentation period and one month before
had injuries during the experimentation period and one month before