Pento & tBU: Phase II Trial of Pentostatin and Targeted Busulfan

• Sponsor: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute (Other)
• Overall Status: Completed
• CT.gov ID: NCT00496340
• Collaborator: (none)
• Enrollment: 42
• Location: 1
• Arm: 1
• Duration (Months): 73
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 0.6

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The objective of this trial is to determine whether a regimen of pentostatin and busulfan (IV) can facilitate engraftment of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) partially compatible siblings and unrelated donor transplants by using CD4+ laboratory-guided immunosuppression among 41 transplant patients meeting the inclusion criteria.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Hematologic Malignancies	Drug: Pentostatin; Drug: Busulfan; Drug: Rituximab; Procedure: Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant	Phase 2

Detailed Description

Pentostatin (deoxycoformycin) is a purine analogue that is currently indicated for the treatment of chemo-naïve or interferon-refractory hairy cell leukemia. Pentostatin represents an ideal agent for conditioning recipients before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) due to its significant effect on lymphocytes and relatively reduced myelosuppression as compared to other purine analogues. It is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA) whose activity is generally more pronounced in T lymphocytes as compared to their B counterparts. Also, pentostatin has been shown, though its immunomodulatory effect to be active in patients with steroid-refractory acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD).

Pentostatin-based regimens have been studied as a conditioning strategy for patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Chan et al. evaluated 18 myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients ineligible for standard allogeneic transplantation. In that series, patients received conditioning with a preparative regimen of photopheresis day -7 and -6, pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 by continuous infusion day -5 and -4, and total body irradiation 600 centigray (cGy) in 3 fractions day -3 and -2, followed by allogeneic stem cell infusion from 6/6 or 5/6 HLA-matched related donors or 6/6 HLA-matched unrelated donors. Sixteen of 18 (89%) patients developed full donor chimerism, with no day +100 transplant-related mortality (TRM). Grade 2 to 4 aGVHD and extensive chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) developed in 19% and 18% of patients, respectively. Disease relapse occurred in 2 patients. At a median follow-up of 14 months (range, 1-35 months), the 1-year failure-free and overall survival were 64% and 65%, respectively. These findings clearly suggest that Pentostatin-based regimens are capable of achieving a successful donor engraftment and durable disease-remission with significantly lesser transplant toxicity and grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD. Pavletic et al., demonstrated that Pentostatin induces significant lympho-depleting effects with a promising safety, supporting its use as a conditioning regimen in non-myeloablative strategies with hematopoietic cell infusions as early as 7 days after initiation of Pentostatin.

Busulfan was available primarily as an oral formulation until recently. The oral drug has variable bioavailability that has been linked to erratic gastrointestinal absorption from patient to patient. In a phase I trial, Andersson et al evaluated an IV Bu formulation using dimethylacetamide and PEG400 as the solvent. This is the formulation currently marketed in the USA (Busulfex ESP Pharma). Fifteen patients with advanced hematologic malignancies were treated with BU every 6 hours for a total of 16 doses followed by cyclophosphamide (CY) 60mg/kg for 2 doses and hematopoietic cell transplant. The first BU dose given was by IV. The starting IV dose was 0.08mg/kg which was then escalated to 0.2, 0.4, and finally to 0.8mg/kg in cohorts of 3 patients each. Six hours after the start of the IV BU infusion, the patients began to receive oral BU 1mg/kg every 6 hours for 15 doses. Pharmacokinetic profiles were obtained to determine an equivalent exposure of IV BU to the oral BU dose of 1mg/kg. It was noted that the toxicity profile and rates of engraftment were similar to that of the oral drug (i.e., no additional toxicities were found attributable to the solvents). An IV dose of 0.8mg/kg gave an equivalent AUC (but with less variability) as the oral dose of 1mg/kg with a mean AUC of 1189 micrometer (uM)-min (range 964-1547uM-min; 24h DIE 4756uM-min [range 3856-6188uM-min]). Thus, 0.8mg/kg was chosen by the investigators as the dose to proceed to phase II testing. A subsequent phase II multicenter trial in 61 patients with a variety of hematologic malignancies using 0.8mg/kg every 6 hours x 16 doses of IV BU and 120mg/kg CY prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Pharmacokinetic analyses were also done. Once again, it was shown that the toxicity and outcome data was similar to that published for the oral BU. There were no patients with seizures. Lung toxicities occurred in two patients, one with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) and one with interstitial pneumonitis (IP); the latter patient had a history of lung irradiation. Grade 1-2 nausea and emesis occurred in 43% and grade 3 in 7%. Mucositis was grade 2 in 44%, Grade 3 in 26% and lasted a median of 6 days. There were five (8%) cases of veno-occlusive disease (VOD), which was fatal in two (3%). Treatment related mortality at 100 days was 9.8%. The AUC was <1500 uM-min (24h DIE <6000uM-min) in 55%; 86% of patients maintained an AUC between 800 and 1500uM-min (24h DIE 3200-6000uM-min). The AUC at dose 1 and dose 9 were similar indicating a consistent dose-to-dose behavior. The authors concluded that IV BU in this setting was well tolerated and demonstrated excellent antitumor efficacy, likely resulting from predictable pharmacokinetics. Based on these and other studies, IV administration has become the preferred route for BU when given in the high dose transplant setting. Fernandez, et al. evaluated the use of IV Bu (Busulfex® ESP Pharma) in either a once daily or twice daily dosing schedule when given as a part of BUCY regimen (BU: 3.2 mg/kg and CY 120mg/kg) prior to transplant. In both dosing schedules, there was little variability in the dose-to-dose levels and the pharmacokinetics of the first dose could predict the data on subsequent doses. In the twice-daily group, AUC 3390uM-min (2400- 4678uM-min; 24h DIE 6780uM-min [4800-9356uM-min]) and the once daily group the AUC 5561uM-min (4412 - 7368uM-min). The pharmacokinetic profiles (AUC, CL, Cmax and t 1/2) were similar from dose to dose. In the twelve patients studied, the following grade 3 toxicities were reported: mucositis, anorexia, infection, epistaxis and hyperglycemia. Two patients died: one from sepsis from presumed fungal infection and one sudden cardiac death. One patient developed mild, reversible VOD. Daily dosing of IV Bu results in similar outcomes and toxicity profile compared to oral dosing and ease in delivering a targeted exposure of BU. The importance of being able to target BU exposure has been illustrated in the above discussion of reports correlating BU pharmacokinetic parameters with its toxicity and efficacy. Thus, by utilizing a once daily IV dose, targeted to prespecified levels, BU therapy can be optimized to limit toxicity and maximize efficacy.

To see if the AUC of IV Bu was correlated to adverse effects, Andersson and colleagues treated 36 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients with either fixed or adjusted dose BuCy. The first 25 patients were given a fixed dose of Bu 0.8mg/kg every 6 hours. In the subsequent 12 patients, doses were adjusted to achieve an AUC of 1250uM-min (24h DIE 5000uM-min). At steady state, the population median AUC was 1265uM-min (range, 816-1905uM-min [24h DIE 5056uM-min; 3264-7620uM-min]). They found that the probabilities of developing gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, mucositis, and acute GVHD all increased with increasing AUC. The 26 patients within AUC of 950 - 1520uM-min (24h DIE 3800-6080uM-min) had a decreased incidence of death compared with the 10 patients outside this range. There were no cases of hepatic veno-occlusive disease or seizures. These were small numbers but did indicate a trend towards achieving an optimal systemic exposure by delivering individualized doses and a suggestion of a "therapeutic window" for Bu in this setting. The importance of being able to target BU exposure has been illustrated in the above discussion of reports correlating Bu pharmacokinetic parameters with its toxicity and efficacy. Thus, by utilizing a once daily IV dose, targeted to prespecified levels, Bu therapy can be optimized to limit toxicity and maximize efficacy.

Rituximab is an anti-CD20 human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody indicated for the treatment of relapsed or refractory, low-grade or follicular, CD20-positive, B-cell NHL. The use of rituximab, as monotherapy, results in significant responses and durations of response in patients with indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL); its efficacy improves even further when used in combination with chemotherapy for both indolent and aggressive NHL. Responses to rituximab treatment vary by the histologic subtype of NHL. In patients with low-grade follicular lymphoma, response rates are approximately 70% to 75% with first-line therapy. On the other hand, patients with diffuse B-cell large-cell lymphoma (DBLCL), single-agent rituximab results in response rates of 30% to 40% have been reported. Rituximab significantly increases response rates when used in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone.

CD20 is not expressed by hematopoietic stem cells, and therefore, we hypothesize that treatment with rituximab is safe and would not inhibit engraftment produced by these early progenitors. Treatment with rituximab may successfully eliminate minimal residual disease, further delaying or preventing disease relapse and potentially extending the duration of survival in CD20+ expressing malignancies.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional
• Actual Enrollment: 42 participants
• Allocation: N/A
• Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: Phase II Trial of Pentostatin and Targeted Busulfan as a Novel Reduced Intensity Regimen for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Using Laboratory-Guided (CD4-guided) Immunosuppression.
• Study Start Date: Jul 1, 2007
• Actual Primary Completion Date: Apr 1, 2013
• Actual Study Completion Date: Aug 1, 2013

Arms and Interventions

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

Experimental: Conditioning Followed by HCT Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT). Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants will receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28. Patients may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Patients will receive anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6. Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4. Patient will then receive pentostatin at a dose of 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3. Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) will be administered on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600. Hematopoietic progenitor cells to be infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan. Rituximab: Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies will be treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines.

Drug: Pentostatin; Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants will receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28. Patients may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Participant will receive pentostatin at a dose of 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3.; Other Names: deoxycoformycin ; Drug: Busulfan; Pre-conditioning therapy: Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4. Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) will be administered on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600.; Other Names: BU Busulfex ; Drug: Rituximab; Pre-conditioning therapy: Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies will be treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines.; Other Names: Rituxan ; Procedure: Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant; Hematopoietic progenitor cells to be infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. Incidence of Greater Than or Equal to 50% Donor Chimerism [28 days post-transplant]

   The primary endpoint was achievement of >/= 50% donor chimerism in CD3+ peripheral blood lymphocytes by day +28 (± 7) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT).

Secondary Outcome Measures

1. Cumulative Incidence of Hematopoietic Cell Engraftment [28 days post-transplant]

   Hematologic engraftment: defined as time to achieve an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >/= 500/µl for 3 consecutive days or a platelet count of >/= 20,000//µl without the need for platelet support.

2. Rate of T-cell (CD3+) and Myeloid (CD33+) Chimerism by Day +28 [28 days post-transplant]

   Median Percentage of Donor Cells in Study Population (Chimerism).

3. Rate of T-cell (CD3+) and Myeloid (CD33+) Chimerism by Day +100 [100 days post-transplant]

   Median Percentage of Donor Cells in Study Population (Chimerism).

4. Non-relapse Mortality Rate (NRM) [Up to 2 years post-transplant]

   The cumulative incidence of NRM after allo-HCT.

5. Incidence of Infections [Up to 2 years post-transplant]

   Infections: Incidence of infections (opportunistic and non-opportunistic) following conditioning.

6. Time to Incidence of Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) [Up to 2 years post-transplant]

   The median time from allo-HCT to the initiation of tacrolimus (TAC) taper. The median time to onset of acute GVHD (aGVHD). Clinical manifestations of acute GVHD include a classic maculopapular rash; persistent nausea and/or emesis; abdominal cramps with diarrhea; and a rising serum bilirubin concentration.

7. Incidence of Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) [Up to 2 years post-transplant]

   By day +100, the cumulative incidence of GVHD, acute of grades 2-4, and 3-4. At 2 years, the cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD of any severity according to National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus criteria. Diagnosis of chronic GVHD requires the presence of at least one diagnostic clinical sign of chronic GVHD or the presence of at least one distinctive manifestation confirmed by pertinent biopsy or other relevant tests in the same or another organ. Furthermore, other possible diagnoses for clinical symptoms must be excluded. No time limit is set for the diagnosis of chronic GVHD. At 2 years, the cumulative incidence of moderate/severe chronic GVHD.

8. Percentage of Participants With Progression Free Survival (PFS) [2 years post-transplant]

   PFS at 2 years post-transplant. PFS, defined as time from day of hematopoietic cell infusion to disease relapse. Relapsed disease: Disease was in complete remission post-transplant but returned (e.g., >5% blast in bone marrow or any peripheral blasts).

9. Percentage of Participants With Overall Survival (OS) [2 years post-transplant]

   OS at 2 years post-transplant. OS, defined as time from day of hematopoietic cell infusion to death from any cause.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and Older
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Inclusion Criteria:

Recipients:

• Age: greater than 18 years of age, or younger with parental consent.

• HLA A, B, C, DRB1, DQB1, 10/10 or 9/10 allele sequence matched related donor or unrelated donor available

• Histologically confirmed diagnosis by pathologic review.

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 - 1, or Karnofsky performance status of greater than 70

• Organ function:

1. Pulmonary: diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) >/= 50%

2. Cardiac: left ventricular ejection fraction >/= 50%

3. Renal: creatinine clearance (measured or calculated) equal or greater than 50 ml/min (at any time pentostatin is administered)

4. Hepatic: total bilirubin less than or equal to 2mg/dL, (Gilbert and other syndromes with increased indirect bilirubin should be allowed); serum transaminases less than two times the institutional upper limit of normal (< 2 x ULN).

Donors:

• Capable of receiving Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and undergo apheresis

• Age >18

• Signed informed consent form in accordance with institutional or National Donor Marrow Program (NMDP) policies

Exclusion Criteria:

Recipients:

• Pregnant or lactating women

• HIV or seropositive, confirmed by nucleic acid test (NAT)

• Active central nervous system (CNS) malignancy

• Active infection

• Unfavorable psychosocial evaluation or history of poor compliance to prescribed medical care.

• Current use of metronidazole or acetaminophen; patients must discontinue use of these agents at least 7 days prior to the start of Busulfex administration

• Prior allogeneic HCT (patients who had received a prior autologous HCT will be allowed)

• Lack of a capable caregiver.

• Presence of any of the following comorbid conditions

1. History of recent myocardial infarction within 30 days

2. Congestive heart failure (NY class III, IV or if symptomatically uncontrolled)

3. Peripheral vascular disease (including intermittent claudication or history of bypass for arterial insufficiency)

4. Untreated thoracic or abdominal aneurysm (6 cm or more)

5. History of any cerebrovascular accident including transient ischemic attacks within 30 days

6. Dementia

7. History of recent gastrointestinal bleeding (within 30 days)

8. Connective tissue/rheumatologic disorders

9. Hemiplegia/paraplegia

10. History of solid tumor excluding skin or cervical carcinoma after curative resection. Patients with other prior solid tumor (s) who are in remission for more than 5 years will be allowed on a case-by-case basis

Donors:

• Pregnant or lactating women

• HIV seropositive, confirmed by NAT

• Human T- lymphotropic virus (HTLV) I/II seropositive

• Hepatitis B or C seropositive

• Donors with uncontrolled bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic infections.

• Donors with known hypersensitivity to recombinant human G-CSF or any E. coli-derived products.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute	Tampa	Florida	United States	33612

Sponsors and Collaborators

• H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Marcie Riches, MD, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Publications

None provided.

• Responsible Party: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00496340
• Other Study ID Numbers: MCC-15009
• First Posted: Jul 4, 2007
• Last Update Posted: Jun 5, 2014
• Last Verified: Mar 1, 2014

• Keywords provided by H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute: Pentostatin; Busulfan; Rituxan; Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
• Additional relevant MeSH terms: Hematologic Neoplasms; Rituximab; Busulfan; Pentostatin

Study Results

Participant Flow

Recruitment Details	Participants were enrolled at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center between February 2008 and March 2011.

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total area under curve (AUC) of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED	42
COMPLETED	42
NOT COMPLETED	0

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Overall Participants	42
Age (years) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [years]	53
Age (Count of Participants)
<=18 years	0 0%
Between 18 and 65 years	38 90.5%
>=65 years	4 9.5%
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	11 26.2%
Male	31 73.8%
Region of Enrollment (participants) [Number]
United States	42 100%

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	Incidence of Greater Than or Equal to 50% Donor Chimerism
Description	The primary endpoint was achievement of >/= 50% donor chimerism in CD3+ peripheral blood lymphocytes by day +28 (± 7) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT).
Time Frame	28 days post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All participants

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	42
Number [percentage of participants]	100 238.1%

2. Secondary Outcome

Title	Cumulative Incidence of Hematopoietic Cell Engraftment
Description	Hematologic engraftment: defined as time to achieve an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >/= 500/µl for 3 consecutive days or a platelet count of >/= 20,000//µl without the need for platelet support.
Time Frame	28 days post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All participants

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	42
Number (95% Confidence Interval) [percentage of participants]	97.6 232.4%

3. Secondary Outcome

Title	Rate of T-cell (CD3+) and Myeloid (CD33+) Chimerism by Day +28
Description	Median Percentage of Donor Cells in Study Population (Chimerism).
Time Frame	28 days post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

Participants with bone marrow chimerism data available at time of analysis.

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	38
CD3+	87
CD33+	100

4. Secondary Outcome

Title	Rate of T-cell (CD3+) and Myeloid (CD33+) Chimerism by Day +100
Description	Median Percentage of Donor Cells in Study Population (Chimerism).
Time Frame	100 days post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

Participants with bone marrow chimerism data available at time of analysis.

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	36
CD3+	96
CD33+	100

5. Secondary Outcome

Title	Non-relapse Mortality Rate (NRM)
Description	The cumulative incidence of NRM after allo-HCT.
Time Frame	Up to 2 years post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All participants

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	42
Day +100	2 4.8%
2 Years	17 40.5%

6. Secondary Outcome

Title	Incidence of Infections
Description	Infections: Incidence of infections (opportunistic and non-opportunistic) following conditioning.
Time Frame	Up to 2 years post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All participants

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	42
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Reactivation	17 40.5%
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Reactivation	3 7.1%
Post-transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorder	1 2.4%
Viral Infections	5 11.9%
Lung Infections	2 4.8%

7. Secondary Outcome

Title	Time to Incidence of Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)
Description	The median time from allo-HCT to the initiation of tacrolimus (TAC) taper. The median time to onset of acute GVHD (aGVHD). Clinical manifestations of acute GVHD include a classic maculopapular rash; persistent nausea and/or emesis; abdominal cramps with diarrhea; and a rising serum bilirubin concentration.
Time Frame	Up to 2 years post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All participants

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	42
Initiation of TAC Taper	62
Onset of aGVHD	33

8. Secondary Outcome

Title	Incidence of Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)
Description	By day +100, the cumulative incidence of GVHD, acute of grades 2-4, and 3-4. At 2 years, the cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD of any severity according to National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus criteria. Diagnosis of chronic GVHD requires the presence of at least one diagnostic clinical sign of chronic GVHD or the presence of at least one distinctive manifestation confirmed by pertinent biopsy or other relevant tests in the same or another organ. Furthermore, other possible diagnoses for clinical symptoms must be excluded. No time limit is set for the diagnosis of chronic GVHD. At 2 years, the cumulative incidence of moderate/severe chronic GVHD.
Time Frame	Up to 2 years post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All participants

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	42
Day +100 aGVHD Grade 2-4	59 140.5%
Day +100 aGVHD Grade 3-4	19 45.2%
2 Years, Chronic GVHD of Any Severity	69 164.3%
2 Years, Moderate/Severe Chronic GVHD	58 138.1%

9. Secondary Outcome

Title	Percentage of Participants With Progression Free Survival (PFS)
Description	PFS at 2 years post-transplant. PFS, defined as time from day of hematopoietic cell infusion to disease relapse. Relapsed disease: Disease was in complete remission post-transplant but returned (e.g., >5% blast in bone marrow or any peripheral blasts).
Time Frame	2 years post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All participants

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	42
Number (95% Confidence Interval) [percentage of participants]	55 131%

10. Secondary Outcome

Title	Percentage of Participants With Overall Survival (OS)
Description	OS at 2 years post-transplant. OS, defined as time from day of hematopoietic cell infusion to death from any cause.
Time Frame	2 years post-transplant

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All participants

Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
Measure Participants	42
Number (95% Confidence Interval) [percentage of participants]	68 161.9%

Adverse Events

Time Frame	Up to 2 years post-transplant
Adverse Event Reporting Description	There were no Adverse Events (AEs) that would not be expected for transplant patients.
Arm/Group Title	Conditioning Followed by HCT
Arm/Group Description	Pentostatin/Busulfan/Rituximab/Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Pre-conditioning therapy: All participants receive pentostatin 4 mg/m^2 on day -28, may receive additional doses on days -21 & -14 depending on cell counts. Conditioning: Anti-seizure prophylaxis with lorazepam 0.5 mg every 6 hours beginning day -6 Intravenous Busulfan (1st dose) at a dose of 200mg/m^2 on day -4 Pentostatin, 4 mg/m^2 by intravenous infusion over 1-2 hours on days -4, -3 Intravenous Busulfan (2nd dose) on day (-2) to target a total AUC of 16,000 +/- 1600 Hematopoietic progenitor cells infused at least 36 hours after last dose of Busulfan Patients with CD20+ expressing malignancies treated with rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m^2 according to prescribing and institutional guidelines
All Cause Mortality
	Conditioning Followed by HCT
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	/ (NaN)
Serious Adverse Events
	Conditioning Followed by HCT
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	25/42 (59.5%)
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Blood/Bone Marrow - Other, Complications with GVHD	1/42 (2.4%)
Coagulation - Other, Right jugular vein occlusion	2/42 (4.8%)
Thrombotic microangiopathy	2/42 (4.8%)
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac General - Other, Cardiac arrest	1/42 (2.4%)
Pericardial effusion (non-malignant)	1/42 (2.4%)
Endocrine disorders
Pancreatic endocrine: glucose intolerance	1/42 (2.4%)
Eye disorders
Vision-photophobia	1/42 (2.4%)
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhea	3/42 (7.1%)
Enteritis (inflammation of the small bowel)	1/42 (2.4%)
Typhlitis (cecal inflammation)	1/42 (2.4%)
Vomiting	1/42 (2.4%)
General disorders
Fever (in the absence of neutropenia)	1/42 (2.4%)
Death not associated with CTCAE term - Death NOS	5/42 (11.9%)
Pain - Other, chest/epigastric	1/42 (2.4%)
Hepatobiliary disorders
Liver dysfunction/failure (clinical)	1/42 (2.4%)
Infections and infestations
Infection (documented clinically or microbiologically) with Grade 3 or 4 neutrophils - Blood	2/42 (4.8%)
Infection (documented clinically or microbiologically) with Grade 3 or 4 neutrophils - Eye NOS	1/42 (2.4%)
Infection (documented clinically or microbiologically) with Grade 3 or 4 neutrophils - Lung	1/42 (2.4%)
Infection (documented clinically or microbiologically) with Grade 3 or 4 neutrophils - Skin	1/42 (2.4%)
Infection (documented clinically or microbiologically) with Grade 3 or 4 neutrophils - Upper airway	1/42 (2.4%)
Infection with normal ANC or Grade 1 or 2 neutrophils - Blood	1/42 (2.4%)
Infection with normal ANC or Grade 1 or 2 neutrophils - Lung	2/42 (4.8%)
Infection with normal ANC or Grade 1 or 2 neutrophils - Skin	1/42 (2.4%)
Infection with normal ANC or Grade 1 or 2 neutrophils - Stomach	1/42 (2.4%)
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Creatinine - high	1/42 (2.4%)
Glucose, serum-high (hyperglycemia)	1/42 (2.4%)
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Cervical spine-range of motion	1/42 (2.4%)
Joint-effusion	1/42 (2.4%)
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Secondary Malignancy - Basal cell	1/42 (2.4%)
Secondary Malignancy - EBV driven PTLD	1/42 (2.4%)
Nervous system disorders
Seizure	1/42 (2.4%)
Pain - Head/headache	1/42 (2.4%)
Psychiatric disorders
Confusion	2/42 (4.8%)
Mental status	2/42 (4.8%)
Renal and urinary disorders
Obstruction, GU - Bladder	1/42 (2.4%)
Renal failure	3/42 (7.1%)
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Hemorrhage, pulmonary/upper respiratory - Bronchopulmonary NOS	1/42 (2.4%)
Hemorrhage, pulmonary/upper respiratory - Nose	1/42 (2.4%)
Cough	1/42 (2.4%)
Dyspnea (shortness of breath)	1/42 (2.4%)
Hypoxia	1/42 (2.4%)
Pleural effusion (non-malignant)	1/42 (2.4%)
Pulmonary/Upper Respiratory - Other, Respiratory failure	2/42 (4.8%)
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Dermatology/Skin - Other, Shingles reactivation	1/42 (2.4%)
Pruritus/itching	1/42 (2.4%)
Vascular disorders
Hematoma	1/42 (2.4%)
Thrombosis/thrombus/embolism	1/42 (2.4%)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	Conditioning Followed by HCT
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/42 (0%)

Limitations/Caveats

Bone marrow chimerism data were available for only 38 patients at day +28 and for only 36 patients at day +100.

More Information

Certain Agreements

All Principal Investigators ARE employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.