Rapid HIV Testing for Emergency Department Patients
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to test data collection options in emergency departments (EDs) and to enhance ED patient awareness of the risk of HIV infection.
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
N/A |
Detailed Description
Rapid HIV testing is a new technology that speeds receipt of HIV test results. Its use in EDs has been demonstrated, but patient acceptance of rapid testing in the ED has not been optimal. It is likely that the low acceptance is partially due to ED patients not realizing the risk of acquiring an HIV infection or the importance of knowing their HIV status. The purpose of this study is to test data collection options in EDs and to enhance ED patient awareness of the risk for HIV infection.
This three phase study will take place at the Rhode Island Hospital Emergency Department. Each participant will be followed for the duration of their ED visit.
In Phase I, the proportion of participants who are willing to undergo rapid HIV testing in the ED will be measured. Additionally, the HIV testing history of these participants, their reasons for undergoing testing or for never having been tested for HIV, and factors associated with acceptance or decline of testing and history of HIV testing will be determined. An educational video will be developed and used to investigate its effectiveness in convincing participants to have the rapid HIV test. All participants agreeing to undergo a rapid HIV test will receive a survey to complete.
In Phase II, a questionnaire and feedback tool to make participants aware of their risk for an HIV infection through injection drug use and sex will be developed and investigated.
In Phase III, the questionnaire and feedback tool developed in Phase II will be used to determine whether or not making participants aware of their risk for an HIV infection increases their acceptance of being tested for HIV in the ED. Participants in Arm 1 will receive the questionnaire and feedback tool while participants in Arm 2 will not.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Active Comparator: 1 Phase III participants who are educated about risk of HIV infection before receiving a rapid HIV test |
Behavioral: HIV risk education
Education for Phase III participants about potential risk of HIV infection before being asked to take a rapid HIV test in the ED
|
| No Intervention: 2 Phase III participants who are not educated about risk of HIV infection before receiving a rapid HIV test |
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Willingness of participant to have HIV testing [Throughout study]
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Participant comprehension of rapid HIV pre-test information [Throughout study]
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
-
English-speaking
-
Subcritical illness or injury
Exclusion Criteria:
-
Critical illness or injury
-
Mental or physical disability
-
Known HIV infection
-
Participation in an HIV vaccine study
-
Prison inmate
-
Acute psychiatric illness that, in the opinion of the investigator, would prevent the participant from completing the study
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rhode Island Hospital Emergency Department | Providence | Rhode Island | United States | 02903 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Roland C Merchant, MD, MPH, ScD, Rhode Island Hospital/Warren Alpert Medical School
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
None provided.- K23 A1060363
- K23 A1060363
- U65/CCU124504