Safety and Effectiveness of Adding Either an HIV Vaccine, Interleukin-2, or Both to a Patient's Anti-HIV Drug Combination

Sponsor

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (NIH)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT00006291

Collaborator

(none)

100

Enrollment

Locations

3.8

Patients Per Site

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to see if adding an HIV vaccine (ALVAC-HIV vCP1452), IL-2 (interleukin-2, a protein found in the blood that helps boost the immune system), or both to anti-HIV-drug therapy is safe, tolerable, and effective in controlling viral load (level of HIV in the body). (This study has been changed to clarify drug name.) Anti-HIV drugs can help reduce a patient's viral load. However, HIV can still remain in CD4 cells (cells of the immune system that help fight infection). Combining an HIV vaccine, IL-2, or both with anti-HIV drugs may help reduce the number of HIV-infected cells.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
HIV Infections	Biological: ALVAC(2)120(B,MN)GNP (vCP1452) Drug: Aldesleukin	Phase 2

Detailed Description

The most important goal for designing future therapeutic interventions is to understand the nature of persistent HIV infection in patients successfully treated with potent antiretroviral therapy and to develop strategies to promote the clearance of these reservoirs or at least long-term suppression of these reservoirs. If latently infected cells are able to persist for a long period (despite effective suppression of de novo infection) primarily because immune clearance is not being adequately stimulated by viral antigen, then HIV-specific immunization is a reasonable strategy to enhance the clearance of these cells. Stimulating effective HIV-specific cellular immune responses at a time when plasma viremia is maximally suppressed also may contribute to the long-term containment of HIV replication on potent antiretroviral therapy. A second component to be evaluated in this trial is whether broad, cyclical activation of T cells with IL-2 will increase the activation of HIV proviral gene expression and thereby render target cells susceptible to immune-mediated clearance. This pathogenesis-based clinical trial will explore the potential for these novel treatment strategies (HIV-specific immunization and IL-2, alone and in combination) to complement the effects of potent antiretroviral therapy by promoting more effective immunologic control of HIV-1 replication.

This study is divided into 3 steps.

STEP I: Patients continue to receive their stable potent antiretroviral therapy and are randomized to 1 of 4 arms:

Arm A: Vaccine placebo [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/23/01: ALVAC]; Arm B: Canarypox HIV-specific immunogen [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/23/01: ALVAC-HIV] (vCP1452); Arm C: 8-week cycles of IL-2 plus vaccine placebo [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/23/01: ALVAC]; Arm D: 8-week cycles of IL-2 plus canarypox HIV-specific immunogen [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/23/01: ALVAC-HIV] (vCP1452).

Patients receive vaccine (or vaccine placebo) injections at Weeks 0, 8, 16, 24, and 48. IL-2 injections are synchronized with vaccine injections. IL-2 is given open-label while vCP1452 is double-blinded. Patients must be on Step I for a minimum of 51 weeks [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/23/01: prior to entry into Step II].

STEP II: Patients stop study medications and interrupt potent antiretroviral therapy for [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/23/01: "6 to 16" has been replaced by the following text: a minimum of 12] weeks. Patients whose viral load during Step II remains [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/23/01: at or] below 5,000 copies/ml [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/23/01: and whose CD4 count is 200 cells/mm3 or more] are encouraged to remain off antiretroviral medications and continue viral-load monitoring for up to an additional 10 weeks. These patients are followed [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/23/01: "for up to 16 weeks" has been replaced by the following text: through Week 74] on Step II and must register to Step III only if their viral load increases to 50,000 copies/ml or greater, their CD4 count decreases to below 200 cells/mm3, or if their primary care physician recommends resuming antiretrovirals.

STEP III: Patients resume their original potent antiretroviral therapy regimen for 6 to 10 weeks and are monitored for a minimum of 6 weeks. If patients do not achieve a viral load below 50 copies/ml during those 6 weeks, they continue to be monitored for up to an additional 4 weeks until this degree of suppression is achieved with the same potent antiretroviral therapy regimen or another appropriate regimen.

Study Design

Study Type:

Interventional

Masking:

Double

Primary Purpose:

Treatment

Official Title:

A Phase II, Randomized, Partially Blinded Trial of Combinations of Potent Antiretroviral Therapy, HIV-Specific Immunizations, and Cycles of Interleukin-2 to Promote Efficient Control of Viral Replication

Actual Study Completion Date :

Oct 1, 2005

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years and Older

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Inclusion Criteria

Patients may be eligible to enter this study if they:

Are HIV-positive.
Have taken the same anti-HIV drugs for at least 6 months prior to study entry. A change of 1 drug to another similar drug is allowed in certain cases.
Have a viral load of less than 50 copies/ml at screening and pre-entry. The measurements must be within 45 days of study entry.
Have a CD4 cell count of at least 350 cells/mm3 within 45 days prior to study entry.
Agree to use effective methods of birth control during the study and for 12 weeks after.

Exclusion Criteria

Patients may not be eligible for this study if they:

Have or have had an AIDS-related illness (except Kaposi's sarcoma or Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia).
Have had more than one potent antiretroviral regimen change due to virologic failure.
Have a history of autoimmune disease with the exception of stable autoimmune thyroid disease.
Have a history of allergy to eggs or other serious allergies.
Have serious heart problems. Patients with high blood pressure controlled by blood pressure medication but no heart disease may be eligible for this study.
Have cancer requiring chemotherapy.
Have untreated thyroid disease. Patients who are on treatment and stable for at least 4 weeks before study entry are eligible.
Have a serious central nervous system (CNS) disease or seizures, if these have been active within 1 year before study entry.
Require certain heart medications for angina or arrhythmia.
Are taking certain experimental anti-HIV drugs.
Are taking certain drugs that may interfere with their anti-HIV-drug combination.
Have taken drugs that might affect the immune system, within 4 weeks prior to study entry.
Have taken IL-2 before.
Have taken rifampin or rifabutin within 7 days before study entry if receiving indinavir.
Have received therapy for an infection or any serious medical illness within 30 days before study entry.
Have received immunizations within 30 days before study entry.
Have received any HIV vaccine during the past year or at any time while on their present anti-HIV therapy.
Work in close contact with canaries and are likely to have antibodies to the study vaccine prior to enrollment. (Patients with a pet canary may participate.)
Abuse alcohol or drugs or have mental or learning problems.
Are pregnant or breast-feeding.
Have received abacavir or hydroxyurea within 8 weeks prior to study entry.
Have a history of transplantation.
(This study has been changed to reflect added criteria.)

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	Alabama Therapeutics CRS	Birmingham	Alabama	United States	35294
2	USC CRS	Los Angeles	California	United States	900331079
3	UCLA CARE Center CRS	Los Angeles	California	United States	90095
4	Stanford CRS	Palo Alto	California	United States	943055107
5	Ucsf Aids Crs	San Francisco	California	United States	94110
6	Santa Clara Valley Med. Ctr.	San Jose	California	United States	951282699
7	San Mateo County AIDS Program	San Mateo	California	United States	943055107
8	Marin County Dept. of Health & Human Services, HIV/AIDS Program & Specialty Clinic	San Rafael	California	United States
9	Harbor-UCLA Med. Ctr. CRS	Torrance	California	United States	90502
10	University of Colorado Hospital CRS	Aurora	Colorado	United States	80262
11	Univ. of Miami AIDS CRS	Miami	Florida	United States	331361013
12	The Ponce de Leon Ctr. CRS	Atlanta	Georgia	United States
13	Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Leahi Hosp.	Honolulu	Hawaii	United States	96816
14	Northwestern University CRS	Chicago	Illinois	United States	60611
15	Indiana Univ. School of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Clinic	Indianapolis	Indiana	United States	462025250
16	Indiana Univ. School of Medicine, Wishard Memorial	Indianapolis	Indiana	United States	46202
17	Methodist Hosp. of Indiana	Indianapolis	Indiana	United States	46202
18	University of Minnesota, ACTU	Minneapolis	Minnesota	United States	55455
19	Beth Israel Med. Ctr., ACTU	New York	New York	United States	10003
20	NY Univ. HIV/AIDS CRS	New York	New York	United States	10016
21	Univ. of Rochester ACTG CRS	Rochester	New York	United States	14642
22	Unc Aids Crs	Chapel Hill	North Carolina	United States	275997215
23	Hosp. of the Univ. of Pennsylvania CRS	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania	United States	19104
24	Vanderbilt Therapeutics CRS	Nashville	Tennessee	United States	37203
25	Univ. of Texas Medical Branch, ACTU	Galveston	Texas	United States	775550435
26	Puerto Rico-AIDS CRS	San Juan		Puerto Rico	009365067