MOSAR-ICU: Clinical Trial to Reduce Antibiotic Resistance in European Intensive Cares

Sponsor

UMC Utrecht (Other)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT00976638

Collaborator

(none)

14,318

Enrollment

Locations

Arms

Duration (Months)

1101.4

Patients Per Site

31.5

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

Colonization of patients with Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria (AMRB) like Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) enterobacteriaceae leads to infections; and ultimately to adverse outcomes (eg prolonged hospital stay, death). This is an urgent problem in Europe, especially in Intensive Care Units (ICUs).

In this trial, colonization of patients with these AMRB will be assessed in the baseline period (6m). In phase 2 the effect of a Hygiene Improvement Program, including Chlorhexidine body washings and a Hand Hygiene training program, will be assessed (6m). In phase 3 units will be randomized to either Active Surveillance with Chromagar based tests or a Molecular based tests.

Study Hypothesis: the abovementioned interventions will reduce ICU-acquired colonization rates with MRSA, VRE and ESBL.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Hospital Acquired Infections	Other: Chromogenic surveillance Other: Molecular surveillance	N/A

Detailed Description

A cluster-randomized trial with a stepped wedge design will be conducted in adult ICU's throughout Europe

The MOSAR-ICU trial is motivated by three primary considerations:

Advances in behavioral sciences and research about (hand) hygiene compliance have allowed a better understanding of barriers to increase compliance with (hand) hygiene practices within healthcare institutions;
Recent investigations have identified new rapid tests, both chromogenic media and molecular based tests, which may help identifying previously unknown carriage of AMRB at the time of admission; and
Currently practiced procedures, such as regular surveillance of all patients and daily cleansing of ICU patients with Chlorhexidine, have not been evaluated properly for their effectiveness.

In conclusion, evidence base derived recommendations from prospective studies regarding the costeffectiveness of different control strategies are lacking.

This study assess the impact of the three interventions on ICU acquired colonisation rates for AMRB(MRSA,VRE and ESBL).

Study design: Multi-center, cluster-randomised clinical trial.

Study population: Adult patients admitted to the ICU.

Intervention: The first phase of the study will be a 6-month baseline period to determine acquisition rates of AMRB during current standard practice in the individual participating centers (including currently performed surveillance strategies). The second phase will consist of a Hygiene Improvement Program to improve standard precautions and hand hygiene; and daily washing of all ICU patients with Chlorhexidine gluconate (HIP; 6 months). In both periods Contact Precautions (contact isolation) will be implemented for carriers of AMRB, as identified upon clinical cultures and following current practice of individual wards. In the third phase of the study (12 months) units will be randomized, and all interventions of phase 2 will be continued in all units. Half of the units will implement surveillance (admission and twice weekly cultures) of all admitted patients for carriage of MRSA and VRE using chromogenic agar. The other half will add molecular based rapid testing of ALL admission cultures for MRSA and VRE in addition to twice weekly screening of all patients with Chromagar based tests for MRSA, VRE and ESBL.

Main study endpoints: ICU-acquired colonization rates with MRSA, VRE and ESBL.

Primary Objective: To evaluate the impact of enhanced standard barrier precautions and rapid screening with targeted isolation of patients carrying AMRB on transmission of AMRB.

Secondary Objectives:

Evaluate the impact of interventions on ICU-acquired bacteremia rates with MRSA, VRE or ESBL.
Evaluate the impact of the HIP intervention on frequency and quality of hand hygiene, the application of standard precautions and the use of contact precautions during patient care.
Evaluate the effect of the three strategies on other patient outcomes, including length of stay and in hospital mortality.
Evaluate the overall antibiotic use and effectiveness of empirical treatment of ICU-acquired bacteremia.
Evaluate the effect of the three strategies on the incidence density of new acquisitions with MRSA, VRE and ESBL individually.

Study Design

Study Type:

Interventional

Actual Enrollment :

14318 participants

Allocation:

Randomized

Intervention Model:

Parallel Assignment

Masking:

None (Open Label)

Primary Purpose:

Screening

Official Title:

Mastering Hospital Antibiotic Resistance, a Cluster Randomized Intervention Study in Intensive Care Units Throughout Europe (Work Package 3)

Study Start Date :

Jun 1, 2008

Actual Primary Completion Date :

May 1, 2011

Actual Study Completion Date :

May 1, 2011

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Active Comparator: Chromogenic Arm Active surveillance of colonization with MRSA or VRE by chromogenic agar with isolation of positive patients.	Other: Chromogenic surveillance All admitted patients are screened on admission for MRSA and VRE by chromogenic agar and isolated when positive Other Names: chromogenic screening
Active Comparator: Molecular Arm Active surveillance of colonization with MRSA and VRE by PCR; and of ESBL by chromogenic agar with isolation of positive patients	Other: Molecular surveillance All patients are screened for MRSA and VRE by PCR; and for ESBL by chromogenic agar on admission. Positive patients are isolated Other Names: molecular screening

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

Active Comparator: Chromogenic Arm

Active surveillance of colonization with MRSA or VRE by chromogenic agar with isolation of positive patients.

Other: Chromogenic surveillance

All admitted patients are screened on admission for MRSA and VRE by chromogenic agar and isolated when positive

Other Names:

chromogenic screening

Active Comparator: Molecular Arm

Active surveillance of colonization with MRSA and VRE by PCR; and of ESBL by chromogenic agar with isolation of positive patients

Other: Molecular surveillance

All patients are screened for MRSA and VRE by PCR; and for ESBL by chromogenic agar on admission. Positive patients are isolated

Other Names:

molecular screening

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Colonization with MRSA, VRE and ESBL [On admission]
By taking surveillance swabs from nose, perineum and wounds (if present) on admission we will assess whether patients are colonized with MRSA, VRE and ESBL at the moment of ICU admission. Swabs will be processed on chromogenic agars.
Colonization with MRSA, VRE and ESBL [During ICU stay]
By taking surveillance swabs twice weekly from nose, perineum and wounds (if present) we will assess whether patients become colonized with MRSA, VRE and ESBL during ICU stay. Swabs will be processed on chromogenic agars. Note: for patients admitted for longer than 21 days, surveillance is reduced to once weekly.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Incidence density of new acquisitions with MRSA, VRE and ESBL individually. [Acquired during ICU stay (median LOS 14 days)]
In phase 2, we implement a hygiene improvement program. We will assess if this program reduces the number of patients acquiring colonization with MRSA, VRE and ESBL. We will measure colonization as stated in the primary outcome measure. In phase 3, we will implement direct feedback of screening results, and isolation of colonized patients. Swabs will be processed either by chromogenic agar (a) or molecular tests (b). Thus, the effect of these interventions on incidence density of new acquisitions of MRSA, VRE or ESBL will be assessed.
ICU-acquired bacteremia rates with MRSA,VRE or ESBL. [Acquired during ICU stay (median LOS 14 days)]
We will collect data on all bacteremias occuring during ICU stay, after completion of the trial. We include all bacteremias with s aureus (MSSA and MRSA), e faecium/ e faecalis ("S" and "R") and enterobacteriaceae ("S" and "R"). Data will be collected from the microbiology labs.
28 day-mortality [28 days]
We will collect length of stay, and disposition at d28 as well as disposition at discharge from the ICU. Data will be collected in the online CRF.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years and Older

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Inclusion Criteria:

colonization with either MRSA, VRE or ESBL is endemic
at least one dedicated infection control physician
ability to obtain, store and analyze surveillance cultures
at least 8 ICU beds; all of which have possibility for mechanical ventilation
ability to collect the data required for analysis
written approval of the institution's IRB
signed protocol signature page

Exclusion Criteria:

burn units
cardiothoracic units
pediatric and neonatal ICUs
ICU is currently using rapid diagnostic testing in their screening program for AMRB
ICU is planning to enroll subjects in studies testing investigational agents for the purpose of eradicating or preventing colonization with MRSA, VRE or ESBL or devices or practice management strategies that have colonization and/or infection with AMRB as an outcome
using SOD/ SDD or any topical antimicrobial therapy
using chlorhexidine body washings

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	Country	Postal Code
1	Hopital Henri Mondor	Creteil	France	94000
2	Raymond Poincare Hospital	Garches	France	F-92380
3	Hopital Paris Saint Joseph	Paris	France	75674
4	Laikon General Hospital	Athens	Greece	11527
5	University General Hospital Attikon	Athens	Greece	12462
6	San Camillo Forlanini Hospital	Rome	Italy	00152
7	Paul Stradins University Hospital	Riga	Latvia	LV-1008
8	Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg	Luxembourg	Luxembourg	L-1210
9	Hospital Geral de Sto Antonio	Porto	Portugal	4260-363
10	Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro	Vila Real	Portugal	5000-508
11	University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases	Golnik	Slovenia	4204
12	University Medical Center Ljubljana	Ljubljana	Slovenia	SI 1000
13	Hospital Clinic Y Provencal	Barcelona	Spain	8025