Idarubicin, Cytarabine, and Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin in Treating Patients With Previously Untreated High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome or Acute Myeloid Leukemia Secondary to Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as idarubicin and cytarabine, work in different ways to stop cancer cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Monoclonal antibodies, such as gemtuzumab ozogamicin, can locate cancer cells and either kill them or deliver cancer-killing substances to them without harming normal cells. Giving monoclonal antibody therapy together with chemotherapy may kill more cancer cells. Giving healthy stem cells from a donor whose blood closely resembles the patient's blood will help the patient's bone marrow make new stem cells that become red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well giving idarubicin and cytarabine together with gemtuzumab ozogamicin works in treating patients with previously untreated high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome.
Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
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Phase 2 |
Detailed Description
OBJECTIVES:
Primary
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Determine the feasibility of combining gemtuzumab ozogamicin with idarubicin and cytarabine with or without cyclophosphamide with total body irradiation vs busulfan followed by allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with previously untreated high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia secondary to MDS.
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Determine the toxicity profile of this regimen in these patients.
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Determine the antileukemic/anti-MDS activity of this regimen in these patients.
Secondary
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Determine the hepatotoxicity of this regimen, in terms of veno-occlusive disease, in these patients.
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Determine the severity of pancytopenia and duration of recovery in patients treated with this regimen.
OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study. Patients are assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups.
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Group 1 (for patients with no HLA-matched sibling donor): Patients receive remission-induction chemotherapy comprising idarubicin IV over 5 minutes on days 1, 3, and 5; cytarabine IV continuously over 24 hours on days 1-10; and gemtuzumab ozogamicin IV over 2 hours on day 7. Treatment continues for a second course in the absence of unacceptable toxicity.
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Group 2 (for patients with an HLA-matched sibling donor): Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.
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Arm I: Patients receive myeloablative consolidation chemotherapy comprising cyclophosphamide on days -6 and -5 and total body irradiation twice daily on days -4 to -2.
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Arm II: Patients receive myeloablative consolidation chemotherapy comprising busulfan on days -8 to -5 and cyclophosphamide on days -4 and -3.
Patients in both arms may alternatively undergo T-cell depletion and/or a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen.
Approximately 4-8 weeks after completion of consolidation chemotherapy, all patients in group 2 undergo allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Patients in group 2 then proceed to remission-induction chemotherapy as in group 1.
Patients achieving complete remission are recommended for consolidation therapy off study.
Patients are followed monthly for 6 months, every 2 months for 6 months, and then every 3 months thereafter.
PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 28 patients will be accrued for this study within 10 months.
Study Design
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Rate of complete remission (CR) or complete remission with incomplete recovery of platelets (CRp) as measured by Cheson response criteria after the start of treatment []
- Severe toxicity after the start of treatment []
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Disease-free survival from CR/CRp []
- Duration of overall survival []
- Severity of pancytopenia and duration of recovery in patients who reached CR/CRp after the start of treatment []
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:
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Histologically confirmed diagnosis of 1 of the following:
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High-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), including any of the following:
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Refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) with > 10% blast cells in the bone marrow
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RAEB in transformation
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Other forms of MDS with multiple (3 or more) chromosomal abnormalities or chromosome 7 abnormalities AND/OR profound cytopenias, defined as neutrophil count < 500/mm3 and/or platelet count < 20,000/mm3
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Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with > 5% blast cells in the bone marrow
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Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with neutrophil count > 16,000/mm3 OR monocyte count > 2,600/mm3
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Secondary acute myeloid leukemia supervening after overt MDS of more than 6 months in duration
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Patients with or without an HLA-identical sibling
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No active CNS leukemia
PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:
Age
- 16 to 70
Performance status
- WHO 0-2
Life expectancy
- Not specified
Hematopoietic
- See Disease Characteristics
Hepatic
- Bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
Renal
- Creatinine ≤ 1.5 times ULN
Cardiovascular
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No severe cardiovascular disease
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No arrhythmias requiring chronic treatment
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No congestive heart failure
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No symptomatic ischemic heart disease
Pulmonary
- No severe lung disease
Other
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Not pregnant or nursing
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Fertile patients must use effective contraception
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No HIV positivity
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No other concurrent malignant disease
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No active uncontrolled infection
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No history of alcohol abuse (i.e., averaged less than 5 alcoholic consumptions daily for the past year)
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No concurrent severe neurological or psychiatric disease
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No other psychological, familial, sociological, or geographical condition that would preclude study compliance
PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:
Biologic therapy
- More than 6 weeks since prior growth factors
Chemotherapy
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No prior intensive chemotherapy
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More than 6 weeks since prior low-dose chemotherapy or hydroxyurea
Endocrine therapy
- Not specified
Radiotherapy
- Not specified
Surgery
- Not specified
Other
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More than 6 weeks since prior immunosuppressants
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No prior participation in this clinical study
Contacts and Locations
Locations
Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
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1 | AZ Sint-Jan | Brugge | Belgium | 8000 | |
2 | Institut Jules Bordet | Brussels | Belgium | 1000 | |
3 | Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc | Brussels | Belgium | 1200 | |
4 | H. Hartziekenhuis - Roeselaere. | Roeselare | Belgium | 8800 | |
5 | Ruprecht - Karls - Universitaet Heidelberg | Heidelberg | Germany | D-69117 | |
6 | Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1091 HA | |
7 | Leiden University Medical Center | Leiden | Netherlands | 2300 CA | |
8 | Universitair Medisch Centrum St. Radboud - Nijmegen | Nijmegen | Netherlands | NL-6500 HB | |
9 | Universitaetsspital-Basel | Basel | Switzerland | CH-4031 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - EORTC
Investigators
- Study Chair: Theo De Witte, MD, PhD, Universitair Medisch Centrum St. Radboud - Nijmegen
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
None provided.- EORTC-06013
- EORTC-06013