SGI-110 in Adults With Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), Not Considered Candidates for Intensive Remission Induction

Sponsor
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Industry)
Overall Status
Completed
CT.gov ID
NCT02348489
Collaborator
(none)
815
135
2
51
6
0.1

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

To compare efficacy and safety between SGI-110 and Treatment Choice in adults with previously untreated AML who are not considered candidates for intensive remission induction chemotherapy.

Condition or Disease Intervention/Treatment Phase
  • Drug: SGI-110 (guadecitabine)
  • Drug: Treatment Choice
Phase 3

Study Design

Study Type:
Interventional
Actual Enrollment :
815 participants
Allocation:
Randomized
Intervention Model:
Parallel Assignment
Masking:
None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose:
Treatment
Official Title:
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized Study of SGI-110 Versus Treatment Choice (TC) in Adults With Previously Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Who Are Not Considered Candidates for Intensive Remission Induction Chemotherapy
Actual Study Start Date :
Mar 19, 2015
Actual Primary Completion Date :
May 31, 2018
Actual Study Completion Date :
Jun 17, 2019

Arms and Interventions

Arm Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: SGI-110 (guadecitabine)

Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles.

Drug: SGI-110 (guadecitabine)
Investigational medicinal product

Active Comparator: Treatment Choice

One of the following treatment regimens: 20 mg cytarabine administered subcutaneously (SC) twice daily (BID) on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.

Drug: Treatment Choice
Choice of one: cytarabine, decitabine, or azacitidine

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

  1. Number of Participants With a Complete Response (CR) [Up to 38 months (median follow-up of 25.5 months)]

    Number of participants with a best response of CR assessed based on International Working Group 2003 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) response criteria by a blinded independent pathologist.

  2. Overall Survival [At 676 death events (up to 38 months)]

    Survival time was defined as the number of days from the day the participant was randomly assigned to study treatment to the date of death, regardless of cause.

Secondary Outcome Measures

  1. Number of Participants With Composite CR (CRc) [Up to 38 months (median follow-up of 25.5 months)]

    CRc is reported as the number of participants with a best response of CR, complete response with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp), or complete response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi).

  2. Number of Days Alive and Out of the Hospital [Month 6]

    The date of each hospital admission and discharge was collected for each participant for up to 6 months, unless the participant died or withdrew consent prior to that time. Duration of each hospital stay in days was calculated as date of discharge minus date of admission. The Number of Days Alive and Out of the Hospital (NDAOH) was calculated as: NDAOH=180 - total duration of all hospital stays within 180 days from the first treatment - number of death days before Day 180. For subjects who were lost to follow-up within 6 months, the NDAOH was calculated conservatively assuming that the subject would have died the day after the last contact day.

  3. Progression-free Survival (PFS) [Up to 38 months (median follow-up of 25.5 months)]

    Progression-free survival was defined as the number of days from randomization to the earliest date of investigator's assessment of disease progression, participant receiving an alternative anti-leukemia therapy (including hematopoietic cell transplant), or relapse by peripheral blood (PB) assessment or blinded bone marrow (BM) assessment, whichever occurred first, or death, regardless of cause.

  4. Number of Red Blood Cell or Platelet Transfusions [Month 6]

    The total number of red blood cells (RBCs) transfused or, separately, the total number of platelets transfused up to the 6-month time point for each participant was counted from the date of randomization to Day 180, the date of last contact, or date of death, whichever occurred earlier. One RBC or platelet transfusion was defined as one unit, and a single bag of RBCs or platelets was considered one unit.

  5. Change in Health-related Quality of Life (QOL) Scores From Baseline: EQ-5D-5L [Baseline to Month 6]

    EuroQol 5-level 5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L) descriptive scores were collected for each participant for a minimum of 6 months, unless the participant died or withdrew consent. Scores within each dimension for EQ-5D (mobility, self-care, usual activity, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) were calculated using counts and proportions. Mean change in scores from baseline are summarized in which an index score of 0 represents the worst health state and 1 represents the best health state.

  6. Change in Health-related Quality of Life (QOL) Scores From Baseline: EQ-VAS [Baseline to Month 6]

    EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) descriptive scores were collected for each participant for a minimum of 6 months, unless the participant died or withdrew consent. A vertical 20-cm scale for EQ-VAS was used where the lowest value of 0 was labeled "the worst health you can imagine" and the top value of 100 was labeled "the best health you can imagine." Mean change in scores from baseline are summarized.

  7. Duration of CR [Up to 38 months (median follow-up of 25.5 months)]

    Duration of CR (in number of days) was calculated from the first time a CR was observed to the time of relapse, defined as the earliest time point whereby BM assessment or PB assessment indicated relapse/disease progression due to reappearance of leukemic blasts in PB or ≥ 5% leukemic blasts in BM.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:
18 Years and Older
Sexes Eligible for Study:
All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
No
Inclusion Criteria:

Cytologically or histologically confirmed diagnosis of AML (except M3 acute promyelocytic leukemia) according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification.

Performance status (ECOG) of 0-3. Adults with previously untreated AML except for hydroxyurea or corticosteroids. Prior hydroxyurea or lenalidomide treatment for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is allowed.

Not considered candidates for intensive remission induction chemotherapy at time of enrollment based on EITHER:

  1. ≥75 years of age OR

  2. <75 years of age with at least 1 of the following:

  1. Poor performance status (ECOG) score of 2-3.
  1. Clinically significant heart or lung comorbidities, as reflected by at least 1 of:
  1. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤50%.

  2. Lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) ≤65% of expected.

  3. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) ≤65% of expected.

  4. Chronic stable angina or congestive heart failure controlled with medication.

  1. Liver transaminases >3 × upper limit of normal (ULN).

  2. Other contraindication(s) to anthracycline therapy (must be documented).

  3. Other comorbidity the investigator judges incompatible with intensive remission induction chemotherapy, which must be documented and approved by the study medical monitor before randomization.

Creatinine clearance as estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault (C-G) or other medically acceptable formulas ≥30 mL/min.

Exclusion Criteria:

Candidate for intensive remission induction chemotherapy at the time of enrollment.

Candidate for best supportive care only, ie, not a candidate for any active therapy with the TC comparators.

Known extramedullary central nervous system (CNS) AML.

Second malignancy currently requiring active therapy except breast or prostate cancer stable on or responding to endocrine therapy.

Prior treatment with decitabine or azacitidine.

Hypersensitivity to decitabine, SGI-110, or SGI-110 excipients.

Known active human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Inactive hepatitis carrier status or low viral hepatitis titer on antivirals is allowed.

Known significant mental illness or other condition such as active alcohol or other substance abuse or addiction that, in the opinion of the investigator, predisposes the subject to high risk of noncompliance with the protocol.

Refractory congestive heart failure unresponsive to medical treatment; active infection resistant to all antibiotics; or advanced pulmonary disease requiring >2 liters per minute (LPM) oxygen.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

Site City State Country Postal Code
1 Mayo Clinic Cancer Center Scottsdale Arizona United States 85259-5499
2 Scripps Cancer Center La Jolla California United States
3 University of Southern California Los Angeles California United States 90033
4 University of Chicago Chicago Illinois United States 60637
5 University of Kansas Medical Center Westwood Kansas United States 66160
6 University of Minnesota Medical Center Minneapolis Minnesota United States 55454
7 Mayo Clinic Cancer Center Rochester Minnesota United States 55905
8 John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack Hackensack New Jersey United States 07601
9 University of New Mexico Cancer Center Albuquerque New Mexico United States 87131
10 Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New York United States 14263
11 Weill Cornell Medical College New York New York United States 10021
12 Columbia University Medical Center New York New York United States 10065
13 Stony Brook University Medical Center Stony Brook New York United States 11790
14 Duke Cancer Center Durham North Carolina United States
15 University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland Ohio United States 44106
16 University Hospitals Monarch Medical Center Cleveland Ohio United States
17 Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Hershey Pennsylvania United States 17033
18 Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania United States 19111
19 Western Pennsylvania Hospital Pittsburgh Pennsylvania United States 15224
20 Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee United States 37232
21 MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas United States 77030
22 University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin United States 53792
23 Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin United States 53226
24 Concord Repatriation General Hospital Concord New South Wales Australia 2139
25 Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia 5000
26 Monash Medical Centre Clayton Victoria Australia 3168
27 Austin Health Heidelberg Victoria Australia
28 Medizinische Universität Graz Graz Styria Austria
29 Hanusch Krankenhaus Wiener Gebietskrankenkasse Wien Vienna Austria
30 Grand Hôpital de Charleroi Charleroi Hainaut Belgium 6061
31 UZ Gent Ghent Oost-vlaanderen Belgium 9000
32 Algemeen Ziekenhuis Sint-Jan Brugge West-vlaanderen Belgium 8000
33 UMHAT 'Sveti Georgi' EAD Plovdiv Bulgaria
34 Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment "Sveta Marina'' EAD Varna Bulgaria
35 Tom Baker Cancer Center Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 4N2
36 University of Alberta Hospital Edmonton Alberta Canada 76B 2B7
37 Vancouver General Hospital Vancouver British Columbia Canada V5Z 1M9
38 The Ottawa Hospital Ottawa Ontario Canada K1H 8L6
39 Princess Margaret Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada M5G 2M9
40 Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto Ontario Canada
41 Fakultní nemocnice Brno Brno Jihormoravsky KRAJ Czechia
42 Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice v Praze Praha 2 Praha Czechia
43 Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady Praha 10 Czechia Praha 10
44 Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark 8000
45 Rigshospitalet-Copenhagen University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
46 Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
47 Tampere University Hospital Tampere Southern Finland Finland
48 Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki Finland
49 GHR Mulhouse Sud-Alsace Mulhouse Cedex Alsace France
50 Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu Bayonne Aquitaine France
51 Centre Henri-Becquerel Rouen Cedex 1 Haute-normandie France
52 Hôpital Saint Louis Paris Cedex 10 Ile-de-france France 75010
53 CHRU de Limoges - Hôpital Dupuytren Limoges Cedex Limousin, Lorraine France 87000
54 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Toulouse cedex 9 Midi-pyrenees France
55 Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu Nantes cedex 1 PAYS DE LA Loire France
56 Institut Paoli Calmettes Marseille Cedex 9 Provence Alpes COTE D'azur France
57 Centre Antoine Lacassagne Nice Provence Alpes COTE D'azur France
58 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble La Tronche Rhone-alpes France 38700
59 Centre Léon Bérard Lyon Cedex 08 Rhone-alpes France
60 Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud Pierre Bénite Cedex Rhone-alpes France
61 Universitaetsklinikum Freiburg Freiburg Baden-wuerttemberg Germany
62 Universitätsklinikum Ulm Ulm Baden-wuerttemberg Germany
63 Schwarzwald-Baar Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen GmbH Villingen-Schwenningen Baden-wuerttemberg Germany
64 Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main Hessen Germany
65 Städtisches Klinikum Braunschweig gGmbH Braunschweig Niedersachsen Germany 38114
66 Marien Hospital Düsseldorf GmbH Düsseldorf Nordrhein-westfalen Germany
67 Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Schleswig-holstein Germany
68 Bacs-Kiskun Megyei Korhaz Kecskemét Bacs-kiskun Hungary
69 Semmelweis Egyetem Budapest Hungary 1085
70 Debreceni Egyetem Klinikai Kozpont Debrecen Hungary 4032
71 Somogy Megyei Kaposi Mór Oktató Kórház Kaposvár Hungary 7400
72 Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord Pesaro Pesaro E Urbino Italy
73 IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Basilicata di Rionero in Vulture Rionero in Vulture Potenza Italy
74 Azienda Ospedaliero-Univesitaria San Luigi Gonzaga Orbassano Torino Italy
75 Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio E. Biagio E. Cesare Arrigo di Alessandria Alessandria Italy
76 Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna - Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi Bologna Italy
77 Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale di Busto Arsizio Busto Arsizio Italy 21052
78 Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Vittorio Emanuele-Ferrarotto-Santo Bambino Catania Italy
79 IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino - IST Genova Italy
80 Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano Italy
81 Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena Modena Italy
82 AORN A. Cardarelli Napoli Italy
83 Azienda Policlinico Umberto I di Roma Roma Italy
84 Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria S. Maria della Misericordia di Udine Udine Italy
85 Chubu Japan
86 Chugoku Japan
87 Kanto Japan
88 Kinki Japan
89 Kyushu Japan
90 Tohoku Japan
91 Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do Korea, Republic of
92 Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Hwasun Jeollanam-do Korea, Republic of
93 Seoul National University Hospital Jongno Gu Seoul Korea, Republic of
94 Inje University Busan Paik Hospital Busan Korea, Republic of
95 Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Korea, Republic of
96 Asan Medical Center Seoul Korea, Republic of
97 Samsung Medical Center Seoul Korea, Republic of
98 Seoul Saint Mary's Hospital Seoul Korea, Republic of
99 Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System Seoul Korea, Republic of
100 Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan Korea, Republic of
101 Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht Utrecht Netherlands
102 Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny Nr 1 we Wroclawiu Wroclaw Dolnoslaskie Poland
103 Wojewodzki Szpital Specjalistyczny im. M. Kopernika Lódz Lodzkie Poland
104 Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny nr 1 w Lublinie Lublin Lubelskie Poland
105 Instytut Hematologii i Transfuzjologii Warszawa Mazowieckie Poland
106 Samodzielny Publiczny Centralny Szpital Kliniczny Warszawa Mazowieckie Poland
107 Szpital Wojewódzki w Opolu - Samodzielny Publiczny Zaklad Opieki Zdrowotnej Opole Opolskie Poland
108 Samodzielny Publiczny Zaklad Opieki Zdrowotnej Zespól Szpitali Miejskich Chorzów Slaskie Poland
109 Spitalul Clinic Judetean de Urgenta Tirgu-Mures Targu-Mures Mures Romania
110 Institutul Regional de Oncologie Iasi Iasi Romania
111 Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital #1 Ekaterinburg Russian Federation
112 Ryazan Regional Clinical Hospital Ryazan Russian Federation
113 Saratov State Medical University Saratov Russian Federation
114 Clinical Center of Serbia Belgrade Serbia
115 Clinical Centre of Vojvodina Novi Sad Serbia
116 Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias Oviedo Asturias Spain
117 Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol Badalona Barcelona Spain
118 Hospital Vall d´Hebrón Barcelona Spain
119 Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara Caceres Spain
120 Hospital General Virgen de las Nieves Granada Spain
121 Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon Madrid Spain
122 Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
123 Hospital Clínico Universitario de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
124 Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio Sevilla Spain
125 Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe de Valencia Valencia Spain 46026
126 Skånes Universitetssjukhus i Lund Lund Skane Sweden
127 Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
128 Chang Gung Medical Foundation-LinKou Branch Tao-Yuan Taoyuan Taiwan
129 China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan
130 Mackay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan
131 National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
132 Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
133 Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London England United Kingdom
134 King's College Hospital London England United Kingdom
135 Medway Maritime Hospital Gillingham Kent United Kingdom

Sponsors and Collaborators

  • Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Investigators

None specified.

Study Documents (Full-Text)

More Information

Publications

None provided.
Responsible Party:
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT02348489
Other Study ID Numbers:
  • SGI-110-04
First Posted:
Jan 28, 2015
Last Update Posted:
Jan 14, 2021
Last Verified:
Dec 1, 2020
Keywords provided by Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Study Results

Participant Flow

Recruitment Details A total of 949 participants were assessed for inclusion in the study. Of these, 134 participants failed screening assessments and 815 participants were randomized.
Pre-assignment Detail For the efficacy analysis (all randomized participants), the total duration was 38 months, with a median follow-up of 766 days (25.5 months), lower quartile follow-up of 671 days (22.4 months), and upper quartile follow-up of 896 days (29.9 months). For safety analysis (all treated participants), total duration was 51 months. Combining participants into a single group as part of the Treatment Choice arm was pre-specified as part of the study design.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens was administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) twice daily (BID) on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED 408 407
COMPLETED 55 40
NOT COMPLETED 353 367

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice Total
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens was administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days. Total of all reporting groups
Overall Participants 408 407 815
Age (years) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [years]
75.9
(6.2)
75.9
(5.8)
75.9
(6.0)
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female
177
43.4%
165
40.5%
342
42%
Male
231
56.6%
242
59.5%
473
58%
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
Hispanic or Latino
15
3.7%
14
3.4%
29
3.6%
Not Hispanic or Latino
365
89.5%
345
84.8%
710
87.1%
Unknown or Not Reported
28
6.9%
48
11.8%
76
9.3%
Race (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0
0%
1
0.2%
1
0.1%
Asian
71
17.4%
74
18.2%
145
17.8%
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
2
0.5%
0
0%
2
0.2%
Black or African American
9
2.2%
5
1.2%
14
1.7%
White
311
76.2%
291
71.5%
602
73.9%
More than one race
0
0%
1
0.2%
1
0.1%
Unknown or Not Reported
15
3.7%
35
8.6%
50
6.1%

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome
Title Number of Participants With a Complete Response (CR)
Description Number of participants with a best response of CR assessed based on International Working Group 2003 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) response criteria by a blinded independent pathologist.
Time Frame Up to 38 months (median follow-up of 25.5 months)

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
The efficacy analysis set includes all randomized participants.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens was administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Measure Participants 408 407
Count of Participants [Participants]
79
19.4%
71
17.4%
Statistical Analysis 1
Statistical Analysis Overview Comparison Group Selection SGI-110 (Guadecitabine), Treatment Choice
Comments The complete response rate was compared between the treatment groups using a Cochran Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) test at an alpha level of 0.04 stratified to adjust for stratification factors used at randomization: age (<75 or >=75), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (0-1, 2-3), study center region (North American, Europe, Rest of World), and secondary AML (secondary to MDS or other antecedent hematologic disorder) or poor-risk cytogenetics (Yes, No/Unknown).
Type of Statistical Test Superiority
Comments
Statistical Test of Hypothesis p-Value 0.482
Comments
Method Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel
Comments
Method of Estimation Estimation Parameter Difference in response rate (%)
Estimated Value 1.92
Confidence Interval (2-Sided) 96%
-3.67 to 7.5
Parameter Dispersion Type:
Value:
Estimation Comments
2. Primary Outcome
Title Overall Survival
Description Survival time was defined as the number of days from the day the participant was randomly assigned to study treatment to the date of death, regardless of cause.
Time Frame At 676 death events (up to 38 months)

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
The efficacy analysis set includes all randomized participants.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens was administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Measure Participants 408 407
Median (95% Confidence Interval) [days]
213
254
Statistical Analysis 1
Statistical Analysis Overview Comparison Group Selection SGI-110 (Guadecitabine), Treatment Choice
Comments Overall survival curves were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method and compared between the treatment groups using a 2-sided stratification log-rank test, stratified by the same factors used at randomization: age (<75 or >=75), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (0-1, 2-3), study center region (North American, Europe, Rest of World), and secondary AML (secondary to MDS or other antecedent hematologic disorder) or poor-risk cytogenetics (Yes, No/Unknown).
Type of Statistical Test Superiority
Comments
Statistical Test of Hypothesis p-Value 0.7328
Comments
Method Stratified log-rank
Comments
Method of Estimation Estimation Parameter Hazard Ratio (HR)
Estimated Value 0.97
Confidence Interval (2-Sided) 95%
0.83 to 1.14
Parameter Dispersion Type:
Value:
Estimation Comments
3. Secondary Outcome
Title Number of Participants With Composite CR (CRc)
Description CRc is reported as the number of participants with a best response of CR, complete response with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp), or complete response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi).
Time Frame Up to 38 months (median follow-up of 25.5 months)

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
The efficacy analysis set includes all randomized participants.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens were administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Measure Participants 408 407
Count of Participants [Participants]
93
22.8%
91
22.4%
4. Secondary Outcome
Title Number of Days Alive and Out of the Hospital
Description The date of each hospital admission and discharge was collected for each participant for up to 6 months, unless the participant died or withdrew consent prior to that time. Duration of each hospital stay in days was calculated as date of discharge minus date of admission. The Number of Days Alive and Out of the Hospital (NDAOH) was calculated as: NDAOH=180 - total duration of all hospital stays within 180 days from the first treatment - number of death days before Day 180. For subjects who were lost to follow-up within 6 months, the NDAOH was calculated conservatively assuming that the subject would have died the day after the last contact day.
Time Frame Month 6

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
The efficacy analysis set includes all randomized participants.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens was administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Measure Participants 408 407
Mean (Standard Deviation) [days]
98.1
(63.6)
105.7
(63.58)
5. Secondary Outcome
Title Progression-free Survival (PFS)
Description Progression-free survival was defined as the number of days from randomization to the earliest date of investigator's assessment of disease progression, participant receiving an alternative anti-leukemia therapy (including hematopoietic cell transplant), or relapse by peripheral blood (PB) assessment or blinded bone marrow (BM) assessment, whichever occurred first, or death, regardless of cause.
Time Frame Up to 38 months (median follow-up of 25.5 months)

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
The efficacy analysis set includes all randomized participants.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens were administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Measure Participants 408 407
Median (95% Confidence Interval) [days]
159
166
6. Secondary Outcome
Title Number of Red Blood Cell or Platelet Transfusions
Description The total number of red blood cells (RBCs) transfused or, separately, the total number of platelets transfused up to the 6-month time point for each participant was counted from the date of randomization to Day 180, the date of last contact, or date of death, whichever occurred earlier. One RBC or platelet transfusion was defined as one unit, and a single bag of RBCs or platelets was considered one unit.
Time Frame Month 6

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
The efficacy analysis set includes all randomized participants.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens was administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Measure Participants 408 407
Red Blood Cell Transfusions
16.2
(11.84)
15.6
(13.02)
Platelet Transfusions
12.5
(18.78)
14.4
(39.10)
7. Secondary Outcome
Title Change in Health-related Quality of Life (QOL) Scores From Baseline: EQ-5D-5L
Description EuroQol 5-level 5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L) descriptive scores were collected for each participant for a minimum of 6 months, unless the participant died or withdrew consent. Scores within each dimension for EQ-5D (mobility, self-care, usual activity, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) were calculated using counts and proportions. Mean change in scores from baseline are summarized in which an index score of 0 represents the worst health state and 1 represents the best health state.
Time Frame Baseline to Month 6

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
The efficacy analysis set includes all randomized participants.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens was administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Measure Participants 391 378
Baseline
0.7767
(0.2160)
0.7663
(0.2291)
Month 6
0.8252
(0.1825)
0.8240
(0.1948)
Change from Baseline
-0.0023
(0.1830)
0.0112
(0.2325)
8. Secondary Outcome
Title Change in Health-related Quality of Life (QOL) Scores From Baseline: EQ-VAS
Description EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) descriptive scores were collected for each participant for a minimum of 6 months, unless the participant died or withdrew consent. A vertical 20-cm scale for EQ-VAS was used where the lowest value of 0 was labeled "the worst health you can imagine" and the top value of 100 was labeled "the best health you can imagine." Mean change in scores from baseline are summarized.
Time Frame Baseline to Month 6

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
The efficacy analysis set includes all randomized participants.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens was administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Measure Participants 391 377
Baseline
64.64
(21.69)
63.58
(21.05)
Month 6
72.76
(18.61)
71.72
(18.88)
Change from Baseline
3.28
(19.35)
3.67
(22.16)
9. Secondary Outcome
Title Duration of CR
Description Duration of CR (in number of days) was calculated from the first time a CR was observed to the time of relapse, defined as the earliest time point whereby BM assessment or PB assessment indicated relapse/disease progression due to reappearance of leukemic blasts in PB or ≥ 5% leukemic blasts in BM.
Time Frame Up to 38 months (median follow-up of 25.5 months)

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description
The efficacy analysis set includes all randomized participants.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously (SC) daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens was administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
Measure Participants 408 407
Median (95% Confidence Interval) [days]
217
231

Adverse Events

Time Frame Up to 51 months. Median (range) duration of treatment was 5 cycles (1-42) for SGI-110 and 5 cycles (1-37) for Treatment Choice (28 days per cycle). Treatment-emergent adverse events were events that first occurred or worsened after the first dose of study treatment until 30 days after the last dose or start of an alternative anti-leukemia treatment, whichever occurred first.
Adverse Event Reporting Description Safety analysis set (randomized participants who received study treatment) was analyzed for TEAEs. All-cause mortality is presented for all randomized participants (participant flow shows number of deaths with primary reason for study withdrawal). Combining participants into a single group (Treatment Choice) was pre-specified as part of the study design and data for each treatment in that arm were not analyzed separately. Death is listed as an SAE when there is no identifiable cause or event.
Arm/Group Title SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Arm/Group Description Guadecitabine 60 mg/m^2 was administered subcutaneously daily for 5 days (Days 1-5) in 28-day cycles. One of the following treatment regimens were administered: 20 mg cytarabine subcutaneously (SC) BID on Days 1-10 every 28 days; 20 mg/m^2 decitabine given as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion daily on Days 1-5 every 28 days; or 75 mg/m^2 azacitidine given IV or SC daily on Days 1-7 every 28 days.
All Cause Mortality
SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Affected / at Risk (%) # Events Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
Total 341/408 (83.6%) 344/407 (84.5%)
Serious Adverse Events
SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Affected / at Risk (%) # Events Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
Total 327/401 (81.5%) 297/392 (75.8%)
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Agranulocytosis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Anemia 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Disseminated intravascular coagulation 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Febrile bone marrow aplasia 3/401 (0.7%) 3 4/392 (1%) 4
Febrile neutropenia 101/401 (25.2%) 147 88/392 (22.4%) 138
Hemorrhagic diathesis 2/401 (0.5%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Histiocytosis hematophagic 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Leukocytosis 6/401 (1.5%) 7 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Lymphoadenopathy 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Lymphoadenopathy mediastinal 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Neutropenia 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Pancytopenia 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Splenic infarction 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Thrombocytopenia 15/401 (3.7%) 15 5/392 (1.3%) 5
Cardiac disorders
Acute coronary syndrome 3/401 (0.7%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Acute myocardial infarction 3/401 (0.7%) 6 3/392 (0.8%) 3
Angina pectoris 3/401 (0.7%) 4 4/392 (1%) 4
Arrhythmia 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Atrial fibrillation 5/401 (1.2%) 5 6/392 (1.5%) 13
Atrial flutter 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Atrial tachycardia 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Atrioventricular block complete 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Cardiac arrest 3/401 (0.7%) 3 9/392 (2.3%) 9
Cardiac failure 8/401 (2%) 8 10/392 (2.6%) 11
Cardiac failure acute 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Cardiac failure chronic 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Cardiac failure congestive 4/401 (1%) 7 3/392 (0.8%) 3
Cardiac tamponade 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Cardio-respiratory arrest 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Cardiogenic shock 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Cardiopulmonary failure 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Cardiorenal syndrome 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Cardiovascular insufficiency 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Coronary artery stenosis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Myocardial infarction 1/401 (0.2%) 1 3/392 (0.8%) 3
Pericardial effusion 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Pericarditis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Sinus node dysfunction 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Supraventricular tachycardia 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Ear and labyrinth disorders
Mastoid disorder 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Sudden hearing loss 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Vertigo 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Endocrine disorders
Diabetes insipidus 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal pain 4/401 (1%) 4 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Abdominal pain upper 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Anal fissure 1/401 (0.2%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Anal fistula 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Colitis 3/401 (0.7%) 4 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Colitis ischemic 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Constipation 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 2
Diarrhea 8/401 (2%) 9 7/392 (1.8%) 10
Diverticular perforation 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Diverticulum 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Dyspepsia 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Dysphagia 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Enteritis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Fecaloma 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Gastric hemorrhage 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 2/401 (0.5%) 3 1/392 (0.3%) 2
Hemorrhoids 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Ileus 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Ileus paralytic 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Incarcerated inguinal hernia 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Intestinal perforation 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Intussusception 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Melaena 3/401 (0.7%) 3 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Mesenteric artery thrombosis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Nausea 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Neutropenic colitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Esophagitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pancreatitis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Pneumatosis intestinalis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Proctalgia 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Rectal hemorrhage 2/401 (0.5%) 2 4/392 (1%) 4
Small intestinal hemorrhage 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Small intestinal obstruction 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Stomatitis 3/401 (0.7%) 3 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Tooth disorder 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Vomiting 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 2
General disorders
Asthenia 2/401 (0.5%) 2 4/392 (1%) 4
Catheter site erythema 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Chest pain 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Death 5/401 (1.2%) 5 5/392 (1.3%) 5
Device related thrombosis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Discomfort 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Fatigue 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Gait disturbance 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
General physical health deterioration 9/401 (2.2%) 9 10/392 (2.6%) 10
Impaired healing 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Injection site reaction 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Malaise 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 5/401 (1.2%) 5 4/392 (1%) 4
Non-cardiac chest pain 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Edema peripheral 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pyrexia 16/401 (4%) 19 13/392 (3.3%) 14
Sudden cardiac death 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Sudden death 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 2
Hepatobiliary disorders
Biliary colic 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Cholangitis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Cholecystitis acute 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Gallbladder obstruction 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Hepatitis acute 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Ischemic hepatitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Jaundice cholestatic 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Portal vein thrombosis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Immune system disorders
Anaphylactic reaction 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Infections and infestations
Abdominal wall abscess 1/401 (0.2%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Abscess intestinal 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Anal abscess 3/401 (0.7%) 3 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Appendicitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Arthritis bacterial 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Aspergillus infection 3/401 (0.7%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Atypical pneumonia 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Bacteremia 7/401 (1.7%) 8 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Bacterial infection 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Bacteroides bacteremia 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Bronchitis 6/401 (1.5%) 6 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Campylobacter gastroenteritis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Cellulitis 3/401 (0.7%) 4 6/392 (1.5%) 7
Cellulitis orbital 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Cellulitis staphylococcal 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Clostridium colitis 1/401 (0.2%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Clostridium difficile colitis 4/401 (1%) 4 2/392 (0.5%) 3
Clostridium difficile infection 4/401 (1%) 5 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Cystitis 3/401 (0.7%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Dermo-hypodermitis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Device related infection 4/401 (1%) 4 7/392 (1.8%) 8
Device related sepsis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Diverticulitis 4/401 (1%) 6 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Encephalomyelitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Endocarditis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Enterobacter infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Epiglottitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Erysipelas 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Escherichia bacteremia 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Escherichia infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Escherichia urinary tract infection 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Eye infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Febrile infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Gastric infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Gastroenteritis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Gastroenteritis pseudomonas 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Gastroenteritis viral 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Gingivitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
H1N1 influenza 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Hematoma infection 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Hepatosplenic abscess 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Herpes simplex 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Herpes zoster 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Herpes zoster oticus 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Infection 6/401 (1.5%) 6 5/392 (1.3%) 6
Infectious colitis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Influenza 6/401 (1.5%) 6 3/392 (0.8%) 3
Injection site abscess 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Injection site cellulitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Injection site infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Kidney infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Klebsiella infection 3/401 (0.7%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Liver abscess 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Localized infection 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Lower respiratory tract infection 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Mastoiditis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Mucormycosis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Muscle abscess 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Neutropenic infection 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Osteomyelitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Otitis media 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Otitis media acute 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Parotitis 2/401 (0.5%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Pathogen resistance 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Periorbital cellulitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Peritonitis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Periumbilical abscess 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pharyngitis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 2
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pneumonia 117/401 (29.2%) 147 79/392 (20.2%) 102
Pneumonia cytomegaloviral 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pneumonia influenzal 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pneumonia legionella 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pneumonia pseudomonal 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Post procedural cellulitis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Postoperative wound infection 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pseudomembranous colitis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pseudomonal sepsis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pseudomonas infection 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Pulmonary tuberculosis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pulpitis dental 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pyelonephritis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Pyelonephritis acute 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Rectal abscess 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Respiratory syncytial virus infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Respiratory tract infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Scrotal infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Sepsis 62/401 (15.5%) 83 44/392 (11.2%) 58
Septic shock 16/401 (4%) 17 17/392 (4.3%) 19
Septic vasculitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Sinusitis 0/401 (0%) 0 4/392 (1%) 4
Sinusitis fungal 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Skin infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Soft tissue infection 3/401 (0.7%) 3 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Staphylococcal bacteremia 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Staphylococcal infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Staphylococcal sepsis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 3/392 (0.8%) 3
Streptococcal bacteremia 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Systemic candida 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Systemic infection 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Tonsillitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Tooth infection 2/401 (0.5%) 3 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Tuberculous pleurisy 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Upper respiratory tract infection 4/401 (1%) 4 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Urethritis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Urinary tract infection 14/401 (3.5%) 16 10/392 (2.6%) 11
Urinary tract infection enterococcal 3/401 (0.7%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Urosepsis 3/401 (0.7%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Viral infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Wound infection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Wound infection staphylococcal 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis allergic 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Urinary tract infection staphylococcal 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Allergic transfusion reaction 1/401 (0.2%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Ankle fracture 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Concussion 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Contusion 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Craniocerebral injury 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Fall 1/401 (0.2%) 1 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Femur fracture 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Fibula fracture 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Fracture 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Hemolytic transfusion reaction 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Head injury 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Hip fracture 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Humerus fracture 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Infusion related reaction 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Joint dislocation 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pelvic fracture 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Rib fracture 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Spinal compression fracture 1/401 (0.2%) 1 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Splenic rupture 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Subarachnoid hemorrhage 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Subdural hematoma 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Subdural hemorrhage 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Tibia fracture 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Transfusion reaction 4/401 (1%) 4 0/392 (0%) 0
Traumatic lung injury 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 2
Upper limb fracture 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Investigations
Blood bilirubin increased 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
C-reactive protein increased 3/401 (0.7%) 3 3/392 (0.8%) 3
Influenza A virus test positive 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Decreased appetite 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Dehydration 2/401 (0.5%) 2 4/392 (1%) 4
Failure to thrive 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Hypercalcemia 1/401 (0.2%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Hyperglycemia 1/401 (0.2%) 1 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Hypoglycemia 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Hypokalemia 2/401 (0.5%) 2 4/392 (1%) 5
Hyponatremia 1/401 (0.2%) 1 3/392 (0.8%) 4
Tumor lysis syndrome 5/401 (1.2%) 5 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthritis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Back pain 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Bone pain 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Bursitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Intervertebral disc protrusion 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Joint effusion 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Lumbar spinal stenosis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Muscle atrophy 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Muscle hemorrhage 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Musculoskeletal pain 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Neck pain 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Osteoarthritis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 3
Osteonecrosis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pain in extremity 1/401 (0.2%) 1 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Rhabdomyolysis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Shoulder deformity 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Spinal pain 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
B-cell lymphoma 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Basal cell carcinoma 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Bile duct cancer 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Biliary neoplasm 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Central nervous system leukemia 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Chloroma 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Endometrial cancer metastatic 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Kaposi's sarcoma 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Lung adenocarcinoma 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Squamous cell carcinoma 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Transitional cell carcinoma 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Tumor associated fever 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Nervous system disorders
Cerebral hemorrhage 1/401 (0.2%) 1 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Cerebrovascular accident 6/401 (1.5%) 6 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Depressed level of consciousness 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Epilepsy 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Facial paralysis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Hemorrhage intracranial 1/401 (0.2%) 1 4/392 (1%) 5
Hemorrhagic stroke 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Headache 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Intracranial hematoma 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Ischemic stroke 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Lethargy 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Nervous system disorder 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Peroneal nerve palsy 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Presyncope 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 2
Seizure 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Syncope 2/401 (0.5%) 2 4/392 (1%) 6
Transient ischemic attack 1/401 (0.2%) 1 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Vocal cord paralysis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Product Issues
Device dislocation 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Psychiatric disorders
Confusional state 4/401 (1%) 4 0/392 (0%) 0
Delirium 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Depression 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Personality change 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Suicide attempt 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Renal and urinary disorders
Acute kidney injury 11/401 (2.7%) 11 15/392 (3.8%) 16
Chronic kidney disease 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Cystitis hemorrhagic 1/401 (0.2%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Hematuria 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Renal colic 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Renal failure 4/401 (1%) 4 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Ureterolithiasis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Urinary retention 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Urinary tract obstruction 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Acute pulmonary edema 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Acute respiratory distress syndrome 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Acute respiratory failure 2/401 (0.5%) 2 6/392 (1.5%) 6
Aspiration 1/401 (0.2%) 1 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Asthma 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2/401 (0.5%) 3 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Dyspnea 2/401 (0.5%) 2 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Epistaxis 3/401 (0.7%) 3 3/392 (0.8%) 3
Hemoptysis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Interstitial lung disease 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Laryngeal inflammation 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Laryngeal edema 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Organizing pneumonia 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Oropharyngeal pain 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pleural effusion 6/401 (1.5%) 7 3/392 (0.8%) 3
Pleuritic pain 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pneumonia aspiration 1/401 (0.2%) 1 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pneumonitis 3/401 (0.7%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pulmonary embolism 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Pulmonary hemorrhage 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Pulmonary mass 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pulmonary edema 5/401 (1.2%) 5 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Respiratory distress 2/401 (0.5%) 2 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Respiratory failure 5/401 (1.2%) 5 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Stridor 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Angioedema 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Dermatitis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Eczema 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Hypersensitivity vasculitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Pyoderma gangrenosum 1/401 (0.2%) 3 0/392 (0%) 0
Rash generalized 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Rash maculo-papular 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Skin disorder 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Skin ulcer 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Toxic skin eruption 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Vascular disorders
Aortic aneurysm 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Aortic dissection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Artery dissection 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Circulatory collapse 5/401 (1.2%) 5 4/392 (1%) 4
Deep vein thrombosis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Hematoma 3/401 (0.7%) 3 1/392 (0.3%) 2
Hypertension 0/401 (0%) 0 2/392 (0.5%) 2
Hypotension 2/401 (0.5%) 2 3/392 (0.8%) 3
Iliac artery embolism 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Leriche syndrome 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Lupus vasculitis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Orthostatic hypotension 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Peripheral arterial occlusive disease 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Phlebitis 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Shock 1/401 (0.2%) 1 0/392 (0%) 0
Shock hemorrhagic 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Thrombophlebitis 2/401 (0.5%) 2 0/392 (0%) 0
Venous thrombosis 0/401 (0%) 0 1/392 (0.3%) 1
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) Treatment Choice
Affected / at Risk (%) # Events Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
Total 379/401 (94.5%) 371/392 (94.6%)
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anemia 88/401 (21.9%) 211 78/392 (19.9%) 201
Febrile neutropenia 66/401 (16.5%) 103 40/392 (10.2%) 57
Leukopenia 37/401 (9.2%) 120 33/392 (8.4%) 124
Neutropenia 115/401 (28.7%) 319 88/392 (22.4%) 233
Thrombocytopenia 116/401 (28.9%) 380 101/392 (25.8%) 313
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal pain 30/401 (7.5%) 43 46/392 (11.7%) 50
Abdominal pain upper 21/401 (5.2%) 25 15/392 (3.8%) 16
Constipation 125/401 (31.2%) 166 114/392 (29.1%) 168
Diarrhea 122/401 (30.4%) 169 83/392 (21.2%) 116
Hemorrhoids 24/401 (6%) 28 19/392 (4.8%) 24
Nausea 91/401 (22.7%) 141 108/392 (27.6%) 150
Stomatitis 46/401 (11.5%) 59 38/392 (9.7%) 44
Vomiting 58/401 (14.5%) 80 66/392 (16.8%) 82
General disorders
Asthenia 61/401 (15.2%) 102 55/392 (14%) 81
Fatigue 63/401 (15.7%) 97 50/392 (12.8%) 74
Injection site reaction 73/401 (18.2%) 148 48/392 (12.2%) 75
Edema peripheral 95/401 (23.7%) 125 78/392 (19.9%) 108
Pain 21/401 (5.2%) 22 14/392 (3.6%) 14
Pyrexia 89/401 (22.2%) 155 110/392 (28.1%) 176
Infections and infestations
Bronchitis 22/401 (5.5%) 30 13/392 (3.3%) 15
Cellulitis 29/401 (7.2%) 37 22/392 (5.6%) 25
Nasopharyngitis 18/401 (4.5%) 27 20/392 (5.1%) 21
Oral candidiasis 23/401 (5.7%) 27 17/392 (4.3%) 21
Oral herpes 31/401 (7.7%) 36 20/392 (5.1%) 21
Pneumonia 54/401 (13.5%) 64 31/392 (7.9%) 34
Upper respiratory tract infection 22/401 (5.5%) 34 20/392 (5.1%) 28
Urinary tract infection 33/401 (8.2%) 46 28/392 (7.1%) 39
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Contusion 20/401 (5%) 23 22/392 (5.6%) 27
Fall 34/401 (8.5%) 43 29/392 (7.4%) 37
Investigations
Weight decreased 35/401 (8.7%) 47 25/392 (6.4%) 28
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Decreased appetite 89/401 (22.2%) 116 62/392 (15.8%) 80
Hyperkalemia 24/401 (6%) 33 13/392 (3.3%) 19
Hypoalbuminemia 26/401 (6.5%) 36 23/392 (5.9%) 43
Hypocalcemia 25/401 (6.2%) 30 18/392 (4.6%) 29
Hypokalemia 96/401 (23.9%) 173 77/392 (19.6%) 128
Hypomagnesemia 31/401 (7.7%) 50 27/392 (6.9%) 36
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthralgia 24/401 (6%) 28 35/392 (8.9%) 39
Back pain 34/401 (8.5%) 43 36/392 (9.2%) 43
Musculoskeletal pain 17/401 (4.2%) 20 20/392 (5.1%) 22
Pain in extremity 40/401 (10%) 51 32/392 (8.2%) 39
Nervous system disorders
Dizziness 36/401 (9%) 47 42/392 (10.7%) 56
Headache 32/401 (8%) 44 38/392 (9.7%) 53
Psychiatric disorders
Anxiety 23/401 (5.7%) 23 22/392 (5.6%) 24
Depression 14/401 (3.5%) 15 21/392 (5.4%) 21
Insomnia 38/401 (9.5%) 52 45/392 (11.5%) 56
Renal and urinary disorders
Acute kidney injury 23/401 (5.7%) 24 16/392 (4.1%) 17
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Cough 79/401 (19.7%) 100 66/392 (16.8%) 83
Dyspnea 63/401 (15.7%) 83 51/392 (13%) 60
Epistaxis 53/401 (13.2%) 71 36/392 (9.2%) 51
Oropharyngeal pain 22/401 (5.5%) 29 23/392 (5.9%) 27
Pleural effusion 21/401 (5.2%) 23 13/392 (3.3%) 13
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Erythema 21/401 (5.2%) 21 17/392 (4.3%) 20
Pruritis 22/401 (5.5%) 28 26/392 (6.6%) 32
Rash 41/401 (10.2%) 55 28/392 (7.1%) 33
Vascular disorders
Hematoma 25/401 (6.2%) 33 19/392 (4.8%) 29
Hypertension 28/401 (7%) 42 25/392 (6.4%) 37
Hypotension 31/401 (7.7%) 40 31/392 (7.9%) 37

Limitations/Caveats

[Not Specified]

More Information

Certain Agreements

Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There IS an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.

Results Point of Contact

Name/Title Dr. Harold Keer
Organization Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Phone 925-560-2913
Email harold.keer@astx.com
Responsible Party:
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT02348489
Other Study ID Numbers:
  • SGI-110-04
First Posted:
Jan 28, 2015
Last Update Posted:
Jan 14, 2021
Last Verified:
Dec 1, 2020