Evaluation of Liver and Cardiometabolic Health Benefits on Low Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
To evaluate the impact of a Low Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet (LCKD) weight loss program and compare to the standard of care program established for patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) on: (1) Liver fat and liver stiffness scores, (2) lipid profile and insulin sensitivity; and (3) depression scores and quality of life, and (4) Cardiometabolic measures such as cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE).
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
Detailed Description
This prospective pilot pragmatic trial will investigate the role of a LCKD weight loss program for obese patients (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and compare it to the group of known obese NAFLD patients who receive dietetic counseling as part of their standard of care in a dedicated NAFLD program. All participants (n=50) will be recruited at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).
Patients will do initial paperwork including
Questionnaires QOL, eating disorder screen, depression screen:
QOL, eating disorder screen and depression screen.
Labwork:
Data will be collected from routine care labwork to include a fasting cholesterol panel, insulin, A1c and comprehensive panel (if they have not received these labs in the preceding 3 months), and at 6 and 12 months. A1c will be collected at 3,6,9 months as well (if A1c >/=7), or just additionally at 6 months if A1c <7
Study labs will be collected:
Blood at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months Urine, stool and saliva at 0, 1, 3 and 12 months
Fibroscan will be done at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months
Echo/CPET testing and Room calorimetry will be offered and the patients agreeing to do this will have them done at 0, 3 and 12 months
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Ketogenic diet exposed group Fibroscan changes with different diets: Patients in a weight loss program using a ketogenic diet. Will compare differences in Fibroscan and metabolic changes. |
Other: Fibroscan changes with different diets
Observational study of liver fat and stiffness and cardiometabolic parameters comparing two different standard of care dietary regimens
|
| NAFLD diet exposed group Fibroscan changes with different diets: Patients in a NAFLD clinic using low calorie, low fat diet. Will compare differences in Fibroscan and metabolic changes. |
Other: Fibroscan changes with different diets
Observational study of liver fat and stiffness and cardiometabolic parameters comparing two different standard of care dietary regimens
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Change in liver fat and stiffness scores compared to control group as well as intrasubject trend [0, 3, 6, 12 months]
Performed with a fibroscan
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Change in Cardiometabolic labs [0, 6, 12 months (3 and 9 months for A1c if >7]
Lipids, A1c, Insulin, comprehensive metabolic panel
- Other specialized testing [Only to a few of the eligible patients, 0, 3, 12 months]
Echo, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, room calorimetry
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- The inclusion criteria include patients aged 18 years and older, BMI ≥ 30, ALT (alanine transferase) > 19 (female) and > 30 (male) or radiographic evidence of hepatic parenchymal disease and seen in either the PIs weight loss clinic or a patient in the VCU NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) program.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients will be excluded if they have known other liver disease such as viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, liver transplant, severely ill, weekly alcohol use (>14 drinks in men and >7 drinks in women), HIV, pregnant females, those< 18 years, and prisoners.
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Virginia Commonwealth University | Richmond | Virginia | United States | 23298 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Obesity Treatment Foundation
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Susan Wolver, MD, VCU
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
- Anstee QM, Targher G, Day CP. Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Jun;10(6):330-44. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.41. Epub 2013 Mar 19. Review.
- Arulanandan A, Ang B, Bettencourt R, Hooker J, Behling C, Lin GY, Valasek MA, Ix JH, Schnabl B, Sirlin CB, Loomba R. Association Between Quantity of Liver Fat and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Independent of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Aug;13(8):1513-20.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.01.027. Epub 2015 Feb 3.
- Boursier J, Vergniol J, Guillet A, Hiriart JB, Lannes A, Le Bail B, Michalak S, Chermak F, Bertrais S, Foucher J, Oberti F, Charbonnier M, Fouchard-Hubert I, Rousselet MC, Calès P, de Lédinghen V. Diagnostic accuracy and prognostic significance of blood fibrosis tests and liver stiffness measurement by FibroScan in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol. 2016 Sep;65(3):570-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.04.023. Epub 2016 May 2.
- Chang Y, Jung HS, Yun KE, Cho J, Cho YK, Ryu S. Cohort study of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD fibrosis score, and the risk of incident diabetes in a Korean population. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 Dec;108(12):1861-8. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.349. Epub 2013 Oct 8.
- Ekstedt M, Hagström H, Nasr P, Fredrikson M, Stål P, Kechagias S, Hultcrantz R. Fibrosis stage is the strongest predictor for disease-specific mortality in NAFLD after up to 33 years of follow-up. Hepatology. 2015 May;61(5):1547-54. doi: 10.1002/hep.27368. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
- Francque SM, van der Graaff D, Kwanten WJ. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: Pathophysiological mechanisms and implications. J Hepatol. 2016 Aug;65(2):425-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.04.005. Epub 2016 Jun 1. Review.
- Nagano M, Sasaki H, Kumagai S. Association of cardiorespiratory fitness with elevated hepatic enzyme and liver fat in Japanese patients with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Sports Sci Med. 2010 Sep 1;9(3):405-10. eCollection 2010.
- Prati D, Taioli E, Zanella A, Della Torre E, Butelli S, Del Vecchio E, Vianello L, Zanuso F, Mozzi F, Milani S, Conte D, Colombo M, Sirchia G. Updated definitions of healthy ranges for serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Ann Intern Med. 2002 Jul 2;137(1):1-10.
- Targher G, Byrne CD, Lonardo A, Zoppini G, Barbui C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis. J Hepatol. 2016 Sep;65(3):589-600. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 May 17.
- Vanwagner LB, Bhave M, Te HS, Feinglass J, Alvarez L, Rinella ME. Patients transplanted for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are at increased risk for postoperative cardiovascular events. Hepatology. 2012 Nov;56(5):1741-50. doi: 10.1002/hep.25855.
- Wong RJ, Cheung R, Ahmed A. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the most rapidly growing indication for liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the U.S. Hepatology. 2014 Jun;59(6):2188-95. doi: 10.1002/hep.26986. Epub 2014 Apr 25.
- HM20009338