Pre-emptive Analgesic Administration in Primary Tooth Extraction
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
Brief Summary:
Aims: The objective of the current study will be to compare the effectiveness of Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen, and Placebo on reducing injection pain and post-operative pain in primary tooth extraction, and to compare the parents' satisfaction.
Design: This will be a blinded, randomized placebo-controlled trial including sixty six cooperative children, aged 6-8 years old.
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
Phase 2/Phase 3 |
Detailed Description
Background and Aims: The pain could be a problem for the patients during the first few hours after the extraction because of both soft and hard tissues trauma during the operation, despite that the local anesthesia will last for a long time in most of the cases.
There are no enough studies that ensure the validity of giving any analgesic in reducing injection pain and post-operative pain in primary tooth extraction so far.
Design: This will be a blinded, randomized placebo-controlled trial including sixty six cooperative children, aged 6-8 years old, randomly assigned to one of three groups to receive one of the oral suspension drugs, that have the same colour and taste, via pre-calibrated medication bottles, which are identical, numbered and containing the same amount of pre-calibrated dosages, as per the following portions:
-
Acetaminophen syrup: 160mg/5ml
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Placebo solution
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Ibuprofen suspension: 100mg/5ml
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Experimental: A (Acetaminophen) 22 children will receive 320mg (10ml) 30 minutes before the local anesthesia injection. |
Drug: Acetaminophen
Patients will receive 320mg (10ml) Acetaminophen (Strawberry flavour), wait for 30 minutes after the administration, then they will be given the local anesthesia injection. Then the child will be asked to point to the face that fits the degree of pain on the self-reporting pain scale WBFS immediately after the injection.
The tooth will be extracted 10 minutes after the injection, then the child will be asked to record the degree of pain on the same scale immediately after the extraction.
Pain will be re-evaluated 15 minutes after the extraction.
The scale will be given to the parents in order to evaluate the post-extraction pain in 1 to 6 hours while the child is at home.
Parents' satisfaction will be evaluated using Likert fifth scale.
Other Names:
|
| Placebo Comparator: B (Placebo) 22 children will receive 10ml 30 minutes before the local anesthesia injection. |
Drug: Placebo
Patients will receive 10ml Strawberry Juice (placebo), wait for 30 minutes after the administration, then they will be given the local anesthesia injection. Then the child will be asked to point to the face that fits the degree of pain on the self-reporting pain scale WBFS immediately after the injection.
The tooth will be extracted 10 minutes after the injection, then the child will be asked to record the degree of pain on the same scale immediately after the extraction.
Pain will be re-evaluated 15 minutes after the extraction.
The scale will be given to the parents in order to evaluate the post-extraction pain in 1 to 6 hours while the child is at home.
Parents' satisfaction will be evaluated using Likert fifth scale.
Other Names:
|
| Experimental: C (Ibuprofen) 22 children will receive 200mg (10ml) 30 minutes before the local anesthesia injection. |
Drug: Ibuprofen
Patients will receive 200mg (10ml) of Ibuprofen (Strawberry flavour), wait for 30 minutes after the administration, then they will be given the local anesthesia injection. Then the child will be asked to point to the face that fits the degree of pain on the self-reporting pain scale WBFS immediately after the injection.
The tooth will be extracted 10 minutes after the injection, then the child will be asked to record the degree of pain on the same scale immediately after the extraction.
Pain will be re-evaluated 15 minutes after the extraction.
The scale will be given to the parents in order to evaluate the post-extraction pain in 1 to 6 hours while the child is at home.
Parents' satisfaction will be evaluated using Likert fifth scale.
Other Names:
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Assessment pain related to the injection of the local anesthesia using WBFS. [30-60 seconds after injection of the local anesthesia.]
The Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFS) is a pain scale that shows a series of faces ranging from a happy face at 0, or "no hurt", to a crying face at 10, which represents "hurts like the worst pain imaginable". Based on the faces and written descriptions, the patient chooses the face that best describes their level of pain. Immediately after the injection, the child will be asked to point to the face that fits the degree of pain on the self-reporting pain scale, WBFS.
- Post operative pain assessment using WBFS. [10 minutes - 6 hours after the extraction.]
After 10minutes from the injection and immediately after the extraction, the child will be asked to point to the face that fits the degree of pain on the same scale. Re-evaluate the pain after 15minutes from the extraction. The scale will be given to the parents to evaluate the pain post-extraction after an hour to 6 hours while the child is at home.
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Evaluate the parents' satisfaction using Likert fifth scale. [6 hours after extraction.]
After the post-operation pain assessment is being done by the parents, the Likert fifth scale is used to determined the degree of parents satisfaction by choosing one of the following degrees: strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, strongly disagree.
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Teeth with an abscess or infection exceeding one-third of the interradicular area (not exceeding the oral cavity) 2. Unrestorable decayed teeth. 3. Teeth with periapical / interradicular lesions.
Exclusion Criteria:
Teeth with advanced root resorption (a third of the root at least)
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tishreen University | Latakia | Syrian Arab Republic |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- Tishreen University
Investigators
- Study Chair: Nabih Raslan, Dr, Tishreen University
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
- Ashkenazi M, Blumer S, Eli I. Post-operative pain and use of analgesic agents in children following intrasulcular anaesthesia and various operative procedures. Br Dent J. 2007 Mar 10;202(5):E13; discussion 276-7. Epub 2007 Feb 2.
- Ashley PF, Parekh S, Moles DR, Anand P, MacDonald LC. Preoperative analgesics for additional pain relief in children and adolescents having dental treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Aug 8;(8):CD008392. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008392.pub3. Review.
- Baygin O, Tuzuner T, Isik B, Kusgoz A, Tanriver M. Comparison of pre-emptive ibuprofen, paracetamol, and placebo administration in reducing post-operative pain in primary tooth extraction. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2011 Jul;21(4):306-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2011.01124.x. Epub 2011 Apr 6.
- Gazal G, Mackie IC. A comparison of paracetamol, ibuprofen or their combination for pain relief following extractions in children under general anaesthesia: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2007 May;17(3):169-77.
- Jürgens S, Warwick RS, Inglehearn PJ, Gooneratne DS. Pain relief for paediatric dental chair anaesthesia: current practice in a community dental clinic. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2003 Mar;13(2):93-7.
- McGaw T, Raborn W, Grace M. Analgesics in pediatric dental surgery: relative efficacy of aluminum ibuprofen suspension and acetaminophen elixir. ASDC J Dent Child. 1987 Mar-Apr;54(2):106-9.
- Pozos-Guillen A, Martinez-Rider R, Aguirre-Banuelos P, Perez-Urizar J. Pre-emptive analgesic effect of tramadol after mandibular third molar extraction: a pilot study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007 Jul;65(7):1315-20.
- Primosch RE, Nichols DL, Courts FJ. Comparison of preoperative ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and placebo administration on the parental report of postextraction pain in children. Pediatr Dent. 1995 May-Jun;17(3):187-91.
- Tishreen - Pre-emptive