MICROVID: MIcrovascular Dysfunction in CRitically Ill cOVID-19 Patients

Sponsor

Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (Other)

Overall Status

Recruiting

CT.gov ID

NCT04819802

Collaborator

(none)

Enrollment

Location

18.1

Anticipated Duration (Months)

2.2

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

Microcirculatory dysfunction appears to play a key role in the development of organ failure leading to the death of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). It is still uncertain today whether this damage is secondary to direct viral infection of endothelial cells or the consequence of the inappropriate inflammatory response induced by the infection. The analysis of endothelial and microcirculatory dysfunctions and glycocalyx degradation therefore appears to be necessary in the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of Covid sepsis and could play a role in the evaluation of the efficacy of certain therapeutics which would aim at improving regional perfusion by decreasing microcirculatory dysfunction.However, the analysis of microcirculatory failure, endothelial dysfunction and glycocalyx degradation has so far only been evaluated in small cohorts, without quantitative analysis of microcirculatory perfusion

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Covid-19 Critical Illness Hemodynamics SARS-CoV Infection	Other: Measurement of sublingual microcirculation Other: Plasma sampling

Detailed Description

The study of pathophysiological mechanisms of cellular penetration of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) allows the understanding of organ failures observed in COVID 19. In order to allow its fusion with the cell membrane, SARS-Cov-2 must bind the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) via its Spike protein. This process requires the priming of the viral S protein by a cellular serine protease TMPRSS2. Thus, any cell co-expressing these two receptors is a potential target for the virus. Among all the cells for which this co-expression could be observed, endothelial cells and vascular pericytes seem to be potential targets, whose infection could lead to the development of an endothelial dysfunction responsible for microcirculatory dysfunction. In addition, inappropriate host immune system response observed in Covid-19 with massive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as IL-6, TNF α and VEGF could lead to endothelial dysfunction through neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages mobilization producing Reactive Oxygen Species that increase endothelium and glycocalyx damages. The resulting pro-adhesive, pro-vasoconstricting and prothrombotic effects could lead to vascular micro-thrombosis, capillary plugging and impairment of capillary flow.

Whether endothelial dysfunction is caused by direct viral cell infection or pro-inflammatory response is uncertain, but various studies have confirmed that endotheliopathy plays a key role in pathophysiological mechanisms in Covid 19.

In the context of critical care, the evaluation of microcirculatory perfusion appears to be a diagnostic tool of major importance. Indeed, microcirculatory dysfunction is directly associated with increased organ failure and mortality in the ICU. In addition, many clinical situations such as sepsis or hemorrhagic shock may be responsible for a loss of hemodynamic coherence between macro and microcirculatory parameters. Thus, the correction of macrohemodynamic parameters (arterial pressure, cardiac output, plasma lactate, central venous oxygen saturation) may be associated with persistent microcirculatory hypoperfusion. It thus appears essential to develop systems for assessing the microcirculation in order to move towards resuscitation guided by microcirculatory objectives.

The aim of this study is to describe the sublingual microcirculation and to evaluate endothelial dysfunction in critically ill patient with Covid-19, and to determine whether there is a correlation between the severity of microcirculatory damage, endothelial dysfunction and clinically important outcomes in ICU. The data will serve to develop strategies for individualized management of high-risk patients screened with microcirculation evaluation.

Study Design

Study Type:

Observational

Anticipated Enrollment :

40 participants

Observational Model:

Cohort

Time Perspective:

Retrospective

Official Title:

Microvascular Flow Alteration and Endothelial Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patient With Covid-19

Actual Study Start Date :

Mar 28, 2021

Anticipated Primary Completion Date :

Apr 1, 2022

Anticipated Study Completion Date :

Oct 1, 2022

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Covid-19 patients Adult Covid-19 patients admitted to intensive care units	Other: Measurement of sublingual microcirculation Sublingual microcirculation will be evaluated using a MicroScan (Microvision Medical, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) incident dark field imaging device. Perfusion measurements will be taken once a day during the first three days after inclusion (i.e. three measurement times). At each measurement time, five sequences of 20 secs will be recorded at five different sites. The video clips will be secondarily analyzed by a trained, blind investigator. Other: Plasma sampling Additional volume during blood draw to assess plasma levels of the following endothelial markers: syndecan-1, angiopoietin-2, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), thrombomodulin.

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

Covid-19 patients

Adult Covid-19 patients admitted to intensive care units

Other: Measurement of sublingual microcirculation

Sublingual microcirculation will be evaluated using a MicroScan (Microvision Medical, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) incident dark field imaging device. Perfusion measurements will be taken once a day during the first three days after inclusion (i.e. three measurement times). At each measurement time, five sequences of 20 secs will be recorded at five different sites. The video clips will be secondarily analyzed by a trained, blind investigator.

Other: Plasma sampling

Additional volume during blood draw to assess plasma levels of the following endothelial markers: syndecan-1, angiopoietin-2, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), thrombomodulin.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Change in Microvascular flow index (MFI) [At admission, on day 1 and day 2]
Change in a semi quantitative score evaluating the sublingual microcirculation using an incident dark field imaging device (Microscan, MicroVision Medical ) over the first days of ICU stay

Secondary Outcome Measures

Change in perfused vessel density [At admission, on day 1 and day 2]
Change in sublingual microcirculation over the first days of ICU stay as assessed by perfused vessel density evaluation
Change in plasma Syndecan-1 levels (in pg/ml) [At admission, on day 1 and day 2]
Change in the levels of endothelium biomarker Syndecan-1 over the first days of ICU stay
Change in plasma Thrombomodulin levels (in arbitrary units/ml) [At admission, on day 1 and day 2]
Change in the levels of endothelium biomarker Thrombomodulin over the first days of ICU stay
Change in plasma VEGF-A levels (in arbitrary units/ml) [At admission, on day 1 and day 2]
Change in the levels of endothelium biomarker VEGF-A over the first days of ICU stay
Change in plasma Angiopoietin-2 levels (in ng/ml) [At admission, on day 1 and day 2]
Change in the levels of endothelium biomarker Angiopoietin-2 over the first days of ICU stay
Change in cardiac output [At admission, on day 1 and day 2]
Change in cardiac output (in ml/min) measured by transthoracic echocardiography over the first days in ICU stay
Blood D-dimer levels (in µg/l) [At admission]
D-dimer level measurement to evaluate the prothrombotic condition
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio [At admission]
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio measurement to evaluate the proinflammatory status
Blood C Reactive Protein levels (in mg/l) [At admission]
C Reactive Protein levels measurement to evaluate the proinflammatory status
The ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) to fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) [At admission]
PaO2/FiO2 ratio measurement to evaluate the severity of lung disease
The percentage of pulmonary lesions as assessed by computerized tomography (CT) scan [At admission]
The percentage of pulmonary lesions as assessed by CT scan to evaluate the severity of lung disease at ICU admission
Mortality [Day 28]
Mortality rate in the ICU
Invasive Mechanical ventilation [Day 28]
Number of days under invasive Mechanical ventilation in the ICU
Length of stay in the ICU [Day 28]
Number of days of hospitalization in the ICU
Acute kidney injury [Day 28]
Occurrence of acute kidney injury using KDIGO definition during the ICU stay
Organ failure [Every day from Day 0 to Day 8, and at Day 28 after inclusion]
Change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score during the ICU stay (minimum value 0; maximum value 24; the higher score means a worst outcome).

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years and Older

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Inclusion Criteria:

Adult patient (≥ 18 ans)
Affiliation to the French social security system
Patient admitted to ICU within 72 hours before inclusion
Patient presenting SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia diagnosed by CT scan or by COVID-19 PCR test