Multi-chip Meta-analysis of Parkinson's Disease for Clinical Validation of Small Samples of Key Genes in Disease

• Sponsor: Zhujiang Hospital (Other)
• Overall Status: Completed
• CT.gov ID: NCT03848455
• Collaborator: (none)
• Enrollment: 238
• Location: 1
• Actual Duration (Months): 7.8
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 30.6

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The research team used meta-analytical statistical methods to integrate the results of different research groups on Parkinson's disease, using meta-analysis to find key genes related to the pathogenesis and development of Parkinson's disease, and to make small clinical results. The verification of the sample, the internal mechanism of the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and provide guidance and reference for subsequent experimental research.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Parkinson's Disease	Diagnostic Test: genetic diagnosis

Detailed Description

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a relatively common degenerative disease of the central nervous system. As society gradually becomes aging, the number of PD patients is increasing, but its exact pathogenesis is still not fully understood. May be related to genetic factors, environmental factors, immunological abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, ageing, apoptosis and other factors; the current genetic diagnosis is in the ascendant, making the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease more In-depth, provide more basis and means for the pathogenesis and development of Parkinson's disease, but due to the number of individual samples, operational norms and platform differences, different research groups have great differences in the results of gene chip research on Parkinson's mechanism, resulting in the reliability is poor; In order to improve the credibility of the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and the development of genetic diagnosis, the investigators use the statistical means of meta-analysis to integrate the results of the chip research on Parkinson's disease in different research groups and find synaptic correlation function may be closely related to the development of Parkinson's disease, PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF, CYCS genes may be key genes in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, and the expression of these genes is related to the pathogenesis and development of PD patients. the investigators will conduct a small sample validation in the clinic to explore the intrinsic mechanism of Parkinson's disease and follow-up experimental research provides guidance and reference.

Study Design

• Study Type: Observational
• Actual Enrollment: 238 participants
• Observational Model: Case-Control
• Time Perspective: Prospective
• Official Title: Multi-chip Meta-analysis of Parkinson's Disease for Clinical Validation of Small Samples of Key Genes in Disease
• Actual Study Start Date: Feb 25, 2019
• Actual Primary Completion Date: Sep 20, 2019
• Actual Study Completion Date: Oct 20, 2019

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Parkinson's disease group Patients who meet the 2016 China Parkinson's diagnostic criteria and the 2015 International Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Association (MDS) Parkinson's disease diagnostic criteria; Newly diagnosed primary PD patients, diagnosed within 3-6 months; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older.	Diagnostic Test: genetic diagnosis; The venous blood of the two groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and non-PD patients.
Non-parkinson group Non-parkinson group inclusion criteria: age, gender-matched PD group, non-PD, non-PDS, non-neurological degenerative disease, patients without inflammatory disease and related family history; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older.	Diagnostic Test: genetic diagnosis; The venous blood of the two groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and non-PD patients.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. Parkinson's Key Gene [3 days]

   The blood of patients were taken for genetic testing and relative expression levels of the genes(These genes expression relative to a house keeping gene:GAPDH) for PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF were extracted.The method we used is RT-PCR.

2. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale 3.0（UPDRS 3.0） [2 days]

   The total score ranges from 0 to 199( minimum score is 0 and maximum scores is 199), in which a lower score denotes a better perception of the patient's. Scoring the mental, behavioral and emotional, daily living activities, exercise tests, and drug treatment complications associated with UPDRS3.0 in patients with Parkinson's disease;each item 0-4 points, total score 199 points, 0-50 points: limb and body mild dysfunction, posture response normal;51-100 points: mild postural reaction disorder, self-care in daily life, loss of labor force;101-199: obvious postural reaction disorder, loss of daily life and labor force, may need help to get up and confined to wheelchair life;The more severe the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, the higher the score.

3. Non-motor Symptom Scale (NMSS) [2 days]

   Scoring based on the patient's own situation in the last month Severity: 1 = mild; 2 = moderate; 3 = severe Frequency: 1 = very little (less than once a week); 2 = often (1 time a week); 3 = frequent (a few times a week); 4 = very frequent (every day or persist)

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and Older
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Inclusion Criteria:

• PD group：

• Patients who meet the 2016 China Parkinson's diagnostic criteria and the 2015 International Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Association (MDS) Parkinson's disease diagnostic criteria

• Newly diagnosed primary PD patients, diagnosed within 3-6 months

• Informed consent to the study

• Age > 18 older

• Non-PD group:

• Age, gender-matched PD group

• Non-PD, non-PDS, non-neurological degenerative disease, patients without inflammatory disease and related family history

• Informed consent to the study

• Age > 18 older

Exclusion Criteria:

• Severe craniocerebral trauma patients

• Disturbance of consciousness

• Severe organic diseases, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral thrombosis, severe coronary heart disease and lung disease, severe liver and kidney dysfunction, severe diabetes, severe hearing And visual impairment

• History of severe brain tumors, encephalitis or brain surgery

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	Zhujiang Hospiatal	Guangzhou	Guangdong	China	510000

Sponsors and Collaborators

• Zhujiang Hospital

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Xiaoya Gao, doctor, Southern Medical University, China

Study Documents (Full-Text)

• Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan - Apr 3, 2019
• Informed Consent Form - Apr 3, 2019

More Information

Publications

• Lee Y, Kim MS, Lee J. Neuroprotective strategies to prevent and treat Parkinson's disease based on its pathophysiological mechanism. Arch Pharm Res. 2017 Oct;40(10):1117-1128. doi: 10.1007/s12272-017-0960-8. Epub 2017 Sep 26. Review.
• Li X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xu J, Xin P, Meng Y, Wang Q, Kuang H. The Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine Underlying the Prevention and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Front Pharmacol. 2017 Sep 19;8:634. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00634. eCollection 2017. Review.
• Lotankar S, Prabhavalkar KS, Bhatt LK. Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease: Recent Advancement. Neurosci Bull. 2017 Oct;33(5):585-597. doi: 10.1007/s12264-017-0183-5. Epub 2017 Sep 21. Review.
• Tseng GC, Ghosh D, Feingold E. Comprehensive literature review and statistical considerations for microarray meta-analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 May;40(9):3785-99. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkr1265. Epub 2012 Jan 19. Review.
• Walsh CJ, Hu P, Batt J, Santos CC. Microarray Meta-Analysis and Cross-Platform Normalization: Integrative Genomics for Robust Biomarker Discovery. Microarrays (Basel). 2015 Aug 21;4(3):389-406. doi: 10.3390/microarrays4030389. Review.
• Wang X, Kang DD, Shen K, Song C, Lu S, Chang LC, Liao SG, Huo Z, Tang S, Ding Y, Kaminski N, Sibille E, Lin Y, Li J, Tseng GC. An R package suite for microarray meta-analysis in quality control, differentially expressed gene analysis and pathway enrichment detection. Bioinformatics. 2012 Oct 1;28(19):2534-6. Epub 2012 Aug 3.

• Responsible Party: Gao Xiaoya, Associate Chief Physician, Zhujiang Hospital
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03848455
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2018-SJNK-008-1
• First Posted: Feb 20, 2019
• Last Update Posted: Aug 3, 2020
• Last Verified: Jul 1, 2020

• Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: No
• Plan to Share IPD: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No
• Keywords provided by Gao Xiaoya, Associate Chief Physician, Zhujiang Hospital: Parkinson's disease; synaptic correlation function; key gene
• Additional relevant MeSH terms: Parkinson Disease

Study Results

Participant Flow

Arm/Group Title	Parkinson's Disease Group	Healthy Controls	Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
Arm/Group Description	Patients who meet the 2016 China Parkinson's diagnostic criteria and the 2015 International Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Association (MDS) Parkinson's disease diagnostic criteria; Newly diagnosed primary PD patients, diagnosed within 3-6 months; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD ,PPS patients and healthy controls.	healthy group inclusion criteria: age, gender-matched PD group, non-PD, non-PDS, non-neurological degenerative disease, patients without inflammatory disease and related family history; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .	1. patients with Parkinson-plus syndrome were diagnosed according to 2017 MDS progressive supranuclear paralysis and 2017 clinical diagnostic criteria for MDS progressive supra palsy (PSP patients) and Giman standard, the 2008 American board of neurology (AAN) MSA diagnostic consensus.2.informed consent to the study; 3.age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED	90	125	23
COMPLETED	90	125	23
NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	Parkinson's Disease Group	Healthy Controls	Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group	Total
Arm/Group Description	Patients who meet the 2016 China Parkinson's diagnostic criteria and the 2015 International Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Association (MDS) Parkinson's disease diagnostic criteria; Newly diagnosed primary PD patients, diagnosed within 3-6 months; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD ,PPS patients and healthy controls.	healthy group inclusion criteria: age, gender-matched PD group, non-PD, non-PDS, non-neurological degenerative disease, patients without inflammatory disease and related family history; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .	1. patients with Parkinson-plus syndrome were diagnosed according to 2017 MDS progressive supranuclear paralysis and 2017 clinical diagnostic criteria for MDS progressive supra palsy (PSP patients) and Giman standard, the 2008 American board of neurology (AAN) MSA diagnostic consensus.2.informed consent to the study; 3.age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .	Total of all reporting groups
Overall Participants	90	125	23	238
Age (Count of Participants)
<=18 years	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Between 18 and 65 years	46 51.1%	71 56.8%	16 69.6%	133 55.9%
>=65 years	44 48.9%	54 43.2%	7 30.4%	105 44.1%
Age (years) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [years]	63.66 (11.94)	63.42 (10.99)	62.30 (8.13)	63.40 (11.09)
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	34 37.8%	59 47.2%	15 65.2%	108 45.4%
Male	56 62.2%	66 52.8%	8 34.8%	130 54.6%
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
Hispanic or Latino	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Not Hispanic or Latino	90 100%	125 100%	23 100%	238 100%
Unknown or Not Reported	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Race (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
American Indian or Alaska Native	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Asian	90 100%	125 100%	23 100%	238 100%
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Black or African American	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
White	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
More than one race	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Unknown or Not Reported	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Region of Enrollment (Count of Participants)
China	90 100%	125 100%	23 100%	238 100%

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	Parkinson's Key Gene
Description	The blood of patients were taken for genetic testing and relative expression levels of the genes(These genes expression relative to a house keeping gene:GAPDH) for PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF were extracted.The method we used is RT-PCR.
Time Frame	3 days

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Parkinson's Disease Group	Healthy Controls	Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
Arm/Group Description	Patients who meet the 2016 China Parkinson's diagnostic criteria and the 2015 International Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Association (MDS) Parkinson's disease diagnostic criteria; Newly diagnosed primary PD patients, diagnosed within 3-6 months; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD ,PPS patients and healthy controls.	healthy group inclusion criteria: age, gender-matched PD group, non-PD, non-PDS, non-neurological degenerative disease, patients without inflammatory disease and related family history; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .	1. patients with Parkinson-plus syndrome were diagnosed according to 2017 MDS progressive supranuclear paralysis and 2017 clinical diagnostic criteria for MDS progressive supra palsy (PSP patients) and Giman standard, the 2008 American board of neurology (AAN) MSA diagnostic consensus.2.informed consent to the study; 3.age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .
Measure Participants	90	125	23
PPP2CA	1.502	3.653	0.916
PPP3CB	1.669	2.237	2.320
SYNJ1	0.924	4.662	5.206
NSF	1.002	3.058	1.408

Statistical Analysis 1

Statistical Analysis Overview	Comparison Group Selection	Parkinson's Disease Group, Healthy Controls, Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
	Comments	we use the method of RT-PCR to detect the relative expression level of PPP2CA gene in Parkinson's disease group(90 participants), healthy controls group(125 participants) and Parkinson-plus syndrome group(23 participants).This gene expression is relative to a house keeping gene GAPDH.The data were processed using 2-△△Ct. ΔCT(test) = CT(target, test) - CT(ref, test), ΔCT(calibrator) = CT(target, calibrator) - CT(ref, calibrator),ΔΔCT = ΔCT(test) - ΔCT(calibrator).
	Type of Statistical Test	Other
	Comments
Statistical Test of Hypothesis	p-Value	<0.001
	Comments
	Method	Kruskal-Wallis
	Comments

Statistical Analysis 2

Statistical Analysis Overview	Comparison Group Selection	Parkinson's Disease Group, Healthy Controls, Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
	Comments	we use the method of RT-PCR to detect the relative expression level of SYNJ1 gene in Parkinson's disease group(90 participants), healthy controls group(125 participants) and Parkinson-plus syndrome group(23 participants).This gene expression is relative to a house keeping gene GAPDH.The data were processed using 2-△△Ct. ΔCT(test) = CT(target, test) - CT(ref, test), ΔCT(calibrator) = CT(target, calibrator) - CT(ref, calibrator),ΔΔCT = ΔCT(test) - ΔCT(calibrator).
	Type of Statistical Test	Other
	Comments
Statistical Test of Hypothesis	p-Value	<0.001
	Comments
	Method	Kruskal-Wallis
	Comments

Statistical Analysis 3

Statistical Analysis Overview	Comparison Group Selection	Parkinson's Disease Group, Healthy Controls, Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
	Comments	we use the method of RT-PCR to detect the relative expression level of PPP3CB gene in Parkinson's disease group(90 participants), healthy controls group(125 participants) and Parkinson-plus syndrome group(23 participants).This gene expression is relative to a house keeping gene GAPDH.The data were processed using 2-△△Ct. ΔCT(test) = CT(target, test) - CT(ref, test), ΔCT(calibrator) = CT(target, calibrator) - CT(ref, calibrator),ΔΔCT = ΔCT(test) - ΔCT(calibrator).
	Type of Statistical Test	Other
	Comments
Statistical Test of Hypothesis	p-Value	0.149
	Comments
	Method	Kruskal-Wallis
	Comments

Statistical Analysis 4

Statistical Analysis Overview	Comparison Group Selection	Parkinson's Disease Group, Healthy Controls, Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
	Comments	we use the method of RT-PCR to detect the relative expression level of NSF gene in Parkinson's disease group(90 participants), healthy controls group(125 participants) and Parkinson-plus syndrome group(23 participants).This gene expression is relative to a house keeping gene GAPDH.The data were processed using 2-△△Ct. ΔCT(test) = CT(target, test) - CT(ref, test), ΔCT(calibrator) = CT(target, calibrator) - CT(ref, calibrator),ΔΔCT = ΔCT(test) - ΔCT(calibrator).
	Type of Statistical Test	Other
	Comments
Statistical Test of Hypothesis	p-Value	<0.001
	Comments
	Method	Kruskal-Wallis
	Comments

2. Primary Outcome

Title	Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale 3.0（UPDRS 3.0）
Description	The total score ranges from 0 to 199( minimum score is 0 and maximum scores is 199), in which a lower score denotes a better perception of the patient's. Scoring the mental, behavioral and emotional, daily living activities, exercise tests, and drug treatment complications associated with UPDRS3.0 in patients with Parkinson's disease;each item 0-4 points, total score 199 points, 0-50 points: limb and body mild dysfunction, posture response normal;51-100 points: mild postural reaction disorder, self-care in daily life, loss of labor force;101-199: obvious postural reaction disorder, loss of daily life and labor force, may need help to get up and confined to wheelchair life;The more severe the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, the higher the score.
Time Frame	2 days

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

The "Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale 3.0" is just suitable for PD patients,so there are no relative result for the group of healthy controls and Parkinson-plus syndrome group.

Arm/Group Title	Parkinson's Disease Group	Healthy Controls	Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
Arm/Group Description	Patients who meet the 2016 China Parkinson's diagnostic criteria and the 2015 International Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Association (MDS) Parkinson's disease diagnostic criteria; Newly diagnosed primary PD patients, diagnosed within 3-6 months; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the two groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and non-PD patients.	healthy group inclusion criteria: age, gender-matched PD group, non-PD, non-PDS, non-neurological degenerative disease, patients without inflammatory disease and related family history; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .	1. patients with Parkinson-plus syndrome were diagnosed according to 2017 MDS progressive supranuclear paralysis and 2017 clinical diagnostic criteria for MDS progressive supra palsy (PSP patients) and Giman standard, the 2008 American board of neurology (AAN) MSA diagnostic consensus.2.informed consent to the study; 3.age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .
Measure Participants	90	0	0
Mean (Standard Deviation) [score on a scale]	61.352 (29.611)

3. Primary Outcome

Title	Non-motor Symptom Scale (NMSS)
Description	Scoring based on the patient's own situation in the last month Severity: 1 = mild; 2 = moderate; 3 = severe Frequency: 1 = very little (less than once a week); 2 = often (1 time a week); 3 = frequent (a few times a week); 4 = very frequent (every day or persist)
Time Frame	2 days

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

Data were not collected.

Arm/Group Title	Parkinson's Disease Group	Healthy Controls	Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
Arm/Group Description	Patients who meet the 2016 China Parkinson's diagnostic criteria and the 2015 International Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Association (MDS) Parkinson's disease diagnostic criteria; Newly diagnosed primary PD patients, diagnosed within 3-6 months; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the two groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and non-PD patients.	healthy group inclusion criteria: age, gender-matched PD group, non-PD, non-PDS, non-neurological degenerative disease, patients without inflammatory disease and related family history; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .	1. patients with Parkinson-plus syndrome were diagnosed according to 2017 MDS progressive supranuclear paralysis and 2017 clinical diagnostic criteria for MDS progressive supra palsy (PSP patients) and Giman standard, the 2008 American board of neurology (AAN) MSA diagnostic consensus.2.informed consent to the study; 3.age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .
Measure Participants	0	0	0

Adverse Events

Time Frame	1 years
Adverse Event Reporting Description	There is no Serious Adverse Events occured
Arm/Group Title	Parkinson's Disease Group		Healthy Controls		Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
Arm/Group Description	Patients who meet the 2016 China Parkinson's diagnostic criteria and the 2015 International Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Association (MDS) Parkinson's disease diagnostic criteria; Newly diagnosed primary PD patients, diagnosed within 3-6 months; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD ,PPS patients and healthy controls.		healthy group inclusion criteria: age, gender-matched PD group, non-PD, non-PDS, non-neurological degenerative disease, patients without inflammatory disease and related family history; informed consent to the study; age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .		1. patients with Parkinson-plus syndrome were diagnosed according to 2017 MDS progressive supranuclear paralysis and 2017 clinical diagnostic criteria for MDS progressive supra palsy (PSP patients) and Giman standard, the 2008 American board of neurology (AAN) MSA diagnostic consensus.2.informed consent to the study; 3.age > 18 older. genetic diagnosis: The venous blood of the three groups of patients was taken for genetic testing, and the expression levels of PPP2CA, PPP3CB, SYNJ1, NSF and CYCS were extracted by pre-processing the genetic data of PD and PPS patients and healthy controls .
All Cause Mortality
	Parkinson's Disease Group		Healthy Controls		Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/90 (0%)		0/125 (0%)		0/23 (0%)
Serious Adverse Events
	Parkinson's Disease Group		Healthy Controls		Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/90 (0%)		0/125 (0%)		0/23 (0%)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	Parkinson's Disease Group		Healthy Controls		Parkinson-plus Syndrome Group
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/90 (0%)		0/125 (0%)		0/23 (0%)

Limitations/Caveats

[Not Specified]

More Information

Certain Agreements

Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.