Nicotine and Cotinine Levels in Smokers With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder - 2

Sponsor

National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) (NIH)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT00135772

Collaborator

(none)

100

Enrollment

Location

Duration (Months)

11.1

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

Nicotine dependence is very common among individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Cotinine is a chemical that is made by the body from nicotine. Measuring levels of nicotine and cotinine is an accurate way to determine how much cigarette smoke enters a person's body. The purpose of this study is to measure nicotine and cotinine levels in smokers with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder to determine if such individuals absorb more nicotine per cigarette than smokers without schizophrenia-related disorders.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Schizophrenia and Disorders With Psychotic Features Tobacco Use Disorder

Detailed Description

Schizophrenic individuals have higher urinary cotinine levels compared to non-schizophrenic individuals with a similar smoking history. This suggests that schizophrenic individuals may absorb higher doses of nicotine. The purpose of this study is to determine whether smokers with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder have higher serum nicotine and cotinine levels in comparison to smokers without schizophrenic-related disorders.

This observational, case-control study will enroll 150 participants, of which 100 will be smokers with schizophrenic-related disorders and 50 will be smokers without a mental illness. Upon completing baseline assessments, participants will smoke a single cigarette. Approximately two minutes following, 3 to 4 ounces of blood will be analyzed for nicotine and cotinine levels. An expired carbon monoxide reading will also be measured. This measurement correlates with the amount of smoke inhalation. Individual participant studies will be completed in 1 to 2 hour-long sessions.

Study Design

Study Type:

Observational

Time Perspective:

Prospective

Official Title:

Nicotine and Cotinine Levels in Smokers With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder

Study Start Date :

Oct 1, 2003

Actual Primary Completion Date :

Jul 1, 2004

Actual Study Completion Date :

Jul 1, 2004

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years to 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Yes

Inclusion Criteria:

Meets DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for nicotine dependence and possibly schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
Stable on current antipsychotic regimen(s) for participants with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

Exclusion Criteria:

At serious risk of suicide, including recent suicidal behavior or attempt within the thirty days prior to study entry
Current use of clonidine, bupropion, or any other nicotine products (including nicotine patch, gum, inhaler, lozenge or nasal spray)