Price Changes and Nutrient Profiling Among Adult Grocery Shoppers

• Sponsor: State University of New York at Buffalo (Other)
• Overall Status: Completed
• CT.gov ID: NCT02376530
• Collaborator: (none)
• Enrollment: 788
• Location: 1
• Arms: 4
• Duration (Months): 30.9
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 25.5

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The purpose of the research is to examine the association between price changes, nutrient profiling, and grocery food purchases among household grocery shoppers.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Nutrition; Food Purchases	Behavioral: Nutrient profiling; Behavioral: Price Changes	N/A

Detailed Description

Participants will be asked to select a week's worth of groceries for their household from a virtual online grocery store. Shoppers will be randomly assigned to one of four conditions (control, nutrient profiling, price change, nutrient profiling and price change).

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional
• Actual Enrollment: 788 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
• Masking: Single (Participant)
• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Official Title: Price Changes and Nutrient Profiling Among Adult Grocery Shoppers
• Study Start Date: Sep 1, 2012
• Actual Primary Completion Date: Apr 1, 2015
• Actual Study Completion Date: Apr 1, 2015

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
No Intervention: Usual shopping No change in condition.
Experimental: Nutrient profiling Nutrient profiling system will be present during shopping session.	Behavioral: Nutrient profiling; Nutrient profiling system will be present during shopping session.
Experimental: Price change Price changes will be present during shopping session.	Behavioral: Price Changes; Price changes will be present during shopping session.
Experimental: Nutrient profiling and price change Nutrient profiling system and price changes will be present during shopping session.	Behavioral: Nutrient profiling; Nutrient profiling system will be present during shopping session.; Behavioral: Price Changes; Price changes will be present during shopping session.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. Nutritional Quality of Food Purchases [Participants were followed for one shopping session, an average of 2.5 hours]

   The Overall Nutrient Quality Index (ONQI) was used to assess nutritional quality of foods purchased. The ONQI is a 1 - 100 scale in which higher numbers indicate higher nutritional quality. Each food is given a score based on a ratio with positive health nutrients in the numerator and detrimental health nutrients in the denominator, based on a proprietary algorithm created by NuVal. The average ONQI score for all the groceries purchases was used as the outcome measure, of ONQI scores on a scale.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 19 Years to 80 Years
• Sexes Eligible for Study: Female
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Inclusion Criteria:

• primary household grocery shopper

• at least 19 years old

• one or more child (2-18yrs) living full time in the household

Exclusion Criteria:

• not the primary household grocery shopper

• no dietary, medical, or psychopathology conditions that could interfere with the study

• under the age 19

• no children (2-18yrs) living full time in the household

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	University at Buffalo	Buffalo	New York	United States	14214

Sponsors and Collaborators

• State University of New York at Buffalo

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Leonard Epstein, Ph.D, University at Buffalo

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Additional Information:

• Division of Behavioral Medicine, University at Buffalo

Publications

None provided.

• Responsible Party: Leonard Epstein, Principal Investigator, State University of New York at Buffalo
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02376530
• Other Study ID Numbers: 1101757-1-60725
• First Posted: Mar 3, 2015
• Last Update Posted: Oct 22, 2020
• Last Verified: Oct 1, 2020

• Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: No
• Plan to Share IPD: No

Study Results

Participant Flow

Recruitment Details	Participants were recruited from the WNY community between 2012-2014.

Arm/Group Title	Usual Shopping	Nutrient Profiling	Price Change	Nutrient Profiling and Price Change
Arm/Group Description	No change in condition.	Nutrient profiling system will be present during shopping session.	Price changes will be present during shopping session.	Nutrient profiling system and price changes will be present during shopping session.
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED	196	198	197	197
COMPLETED	196	198	197	197
NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	Usual Shopping	Nutrient Profiling	Price Change	Nutrient Profiling and Price Change	Total
Arm/Group Description	No change in condition.	Nutrient profiling system will be present during shopping session.	Price changes will be present during shopping session.	Nutrient profiling system and price changes will be present during shopping session.	Total of all reporting groups
Overall Participants	196	198	197	197	788
Age (years) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [years]	43.1 (8.6)	42.5 (8.8)	42.4 (8.2)	41.6 (7.8)	42.4 (8.4)
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	196 100%	198 100%	197 100%	197 100%	788 100%
Male	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
Hispanic or Latino	7 3.6%	12 6.1%	8 4.1%	11 5.6%	38 4.8%
Not Hispanic or Latino	188 95.9%	185 93.4%	188 95.4%	185 93.9%	746 94.7%
Unknown or Not Reported	1 0.5%	1 0.5%	1 0.5%	1 0.5%	4 0.5%
Race (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
American Indian or Alaska Native	1 0.5%	1 0.5%	1 0.5%	2 1%	5 0.6%
Asian	2 1%	5 2.5%	2 1%	3 1.5%	12 1.5%
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 0%	1 0.5%	0 0%	1 0.5%	2 0.3%
Black or African American	44 22.4%	39 19.7%	47 23.9%	39 19.8%	169 21.4%
White	135 68.9%	140 70.7%	140 71.1%	140 71.1%	555 70.4%
More than one race	9 4.6%	8 4%	3 1.5%	5 2.5%	25 3.2%
Unknown or Not Reported	5 2.6%	4 2%	4 2%	7 3.6%	20 2.5%
Region of Enrollment (participants) [Number]
United States	196 100%	198 100%	197 100%	197 100%	788 100%
Body Mass Index (BMI) (Kg/m^2) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [Kg/m^2]	31.0 (8.0)	30.8 (7.9)	30.9 (8.2)	31.3 (8.7)	31.0 (8.2)

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	Nutritional Quality of Food Purchases
Description	The Overall Nutrient Quality Index (ONQI) was used to assess nutritional quality of foods purchased. The ONQI is a 1 - 100 scale in which higher numbers indicate higher nutritional quality. Each food is given a score based on a ratio with positive health nutrients in the numerator and detrimental health nutrients in the denominator, based on a proprietary algorithm created by NuVal. The average ONQI score for all the groceries purchases was used as the outcome measure, of ONQI scores on a scale.
Time Frame	Participants were followed for one shopping session, an average of 2.5 hours

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

Data was analyzed for 781 participants. Two participants did not understand the study, 2 participants had incorrect price manipulations during their session, 1 participant was ill during the session, 1 participant had her young daughter in the room during the experiment and 1 participant did not have a household to shop for.

Arm/Group Title	Usual Shopping	Nutrient Profiling	Price Change	Nutrient Profiling and Price Change
Arm/Group Description	No change in condition.	Nutrient profiling system will be present during shopping session.	Price changes will be present during shopping session.	Nutrient profiling system and price changes will be present during shopping session.
Measure Participants	193	197	196	195
Least Squares Mean (Standard Deviation) [Average NUVAL Score]	37.62 (14.84)	41.12 (15.06)	39.66 (13.30)	41.01 (14.21)

Adverse Events

Arm/Group Title	Usual Shopping		Nutrient Profiling		Price Change		Nutrient Profiling and Price Change
Arm/Group Description	No change in condition.		Nutrient profiling system will be present during shopping session.		Price changes will be present during shopping session.		Nutrient profiling system and price changes will be present during shopping session.
All Cause Mortality
	Usual Shopping		Nutrient Profiling		Price Change		Nutrient Profiling and Price Change
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	/ (NaN)		/ (NaN)		/ (NaN)		/ (NaN)
Serious Adverse Events
	Usual Shopping		Nutrient Profiling		Price Change		Nutrient Profiling and Price Change
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/196 (0%)		0/198 (0%)		0/197 (0%)		0/197 (0%)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	Usual Shopping		Nutrient Profiling		Price Change		Nutrient Profiling and Price Change
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/196 (0%)		0/198 (0%)		0/197 (0%)		0/197 (0%)

Limitations/Caveats

[Not Specified]

More Information

Certain Agreements

Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.