Guided Imagery Lifestyle Intervention to Promote Health and Prevent Diabetes in Youth

Sponsor

University of Southern California (Other)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT02088294

Collaborator

(none)

240

Enrollment

Location

Arms

Actual Duration (Months)

4.7

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The childhood obesity epidemic, which falls disproportionately on Latino adolescents, represents a major public health threat to the current generation of youth, and therefore to the health of the nation overall. This project directly addresses the role of psychosocial stress in promoting obesity and metabolic disease risk, and investigates the role of the mind-body CAM intervention of guided imagery in both reducing stress and promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors that could dramatically improve the metabolic health of today's youth.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Obesity Insulin Resistance Stress	Behavioral: Lifestyle Education (LS) Behavioral: LS + Stress Reduction Guided Imagery Behavioral: LS + Activity/Eating Guided Imagery	N/A

Detailed Description

The childhood obesity epidemic represents a major health threat to the current generation of youth, and falls disproportionately on urban, Latino adolescents. Data suggests modern inner-city minority youth suffer from high levels of psychosocial stress, and that such chronic stress contributes to obesity and insulin resistance, increasing risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver disease, and other obesity-related disorders. Guided imagery is a mind-body complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) modality that offers promise as a therapeutic intervention to reduce psychosocial stress, and also to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors. In a pilot 12-week lifestyle intervention, Interactive Guided ImagerySM significantly reduced salivary cortisol, reduced sedentary behavior, and increased moderate physical activity in overweight Latino adolescents. The overall aim of this proposal is to determine the separate contributions of stress reduction guided imagery and health behavior guided imagery, when delivered in the context of a health-promoting, lifestyle intervention, on short-term and long-term stress-reduction and behavioral outcomes in predominantly Latino high school students. The study consists of a high school-based, 12-week lifestyle intervention delivered in an after school program to urban, predominantly Latino adolescents. The intervention features a health-promoting, lifestyle education class, combined with a group guided imagery intervention that is theoretically grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT). High school students are randomized to one of 4 intervention arms 1) Non-intervention control; 2) lifestyle education alone (LS); 3) LS + Stress Reduction guided imagery alone; 4) LS + Physical Activity/Healthy Eating guided imagery. Outcomes will be measured upon completion of the 12-wk intervention, after an additional 6-month maintenance program, and after a further 6-month period of no program contact. Primary outcomes will be change in salivary cortisol patterns and changes in physical activity and dietary intake. Secondary outcomes are insulin resistance, body fat, carotid intima media thickness, metabolic syndrome, perceived stress, well-being (self-esteem, health related quality of life), and measures of mediation by SDT constructs. Results will demonstrate the isolated effects of the lifestyle education and the two different forms of guided imagery, and could shift the paradigm of obesity prevention and treatment in urban minority youth to include attention to social stress and promotion of well-being.

Study Design

Study Type:

Interventional

Actual Enrollment :

240 participants

Allocation:

Randomized

Intervention Model:

Parallel Assignment

Masking:

None (Open Label)

Primary Purpose:

Health Services Research

Official Title:

Imagine HEALTH (Healthy Eating Active Living Total Health) Study: Guided Imagery Lifestyle Intervention to Promote Health and Prevent Diabetes in Youth

Actual Study Start Date :

May 1, 2014

Actual Primary Completion Date :

Apr 27, 2018

Actual Study Completion Date :

Jul 31, 2018

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
No Intervention: Non-intervention control No intervention will be delivered.
Experimental: Lifestyle Education (LS) The lifestyle curriculum will be taught in twice weekly after-school sessions of ~1.25 hours, one physical activity and one nutrition-related, delivered over 12-weeks during the course of a single academic semester. The lifestyle program will utilize the "Shape Up" curriculum of SOSMentor, a community non-profit collaborator, modified to seamlessly integrate key concepts of the non-diet philosophy of "Intuitive Eating". The curriculum fully encompasses health-promoting nutrition and physical activity practices consistent with consensus recommendations .	Behavioral: Lifestyle Education (LS) See arm description
Experimental: LS + Stress Reduction Guided Imagery In addition to the after school lifestyle classes, participants will receive group Interactive Guided Imagery (IGI) consisting of standard stress reduction imagery practices, delivered once weekly for 12 weeks as an after school class of ~1.25 hours. The group IGI will be delivered by certified facilitators in the context of the facilitated group process known as "Council", a group communication process used by many indigenous and other cultures.	Behavioral: Lifestyle Education (LS) See arm description Behavioral: LS + Stress Reduction Guided Imagery See Arm Description
Experimental: LS + Activity/Eating Guided Imagery In addition to the after school lifestyle classes, participants will receive group Interactive Guided ImagerySM (IGI) delivered once weekly for 12 weeks as an after school class of ~1.25 hours. The group IGI will be delivered by certified facilitators in the context of the facilitated group process known as "Council", a group communication process used by many indigenous and other cultures. Participants in this arm will receive stress reduction IGI for 4 wks, plus 8 weekly sessions with IGI content designed to promote physical activity and healthy eating.	Behavioral: Lifestyle Education (LS) See arm description Behavioral: LS + Activity/Eating Guided Imagery See arm description

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Change in Physical activity [3 months]
Physical activity and sedentary behavior will be measured by accelerometry and 3-day physical activity recall.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Change in Salivary Cortisol, daily slope [3 months]
Salivary cortisol will be collected on 3 successive days at awakening, 30-minutes post-awakening, and in the evening.
Change in Dietary intake [3 months]
Dietary intake of macronutrients measured by 3-day diet record

Other Outcome Measures

Change in Perceived Stress [3 months]
Measured by Perceived Stress Scale
Change in Well-Being [3 months]
Measured by Psychological General Well-Being Index (GWBS) and the Arizona Integrated Outcomes Scale.
Change in Adiposity [3 months]
BMI will be determined based on standards for age and sex, using clinical balance and stadiometer. Percent body fat will be determined by bioimpedance.
Change in Insulin resistance [3 months]
The Homeostatic Model Insulin Resistance Index will be determined based on measures of fasting glucose and insulin.
Change in Carotid artery intima media thickness [15 months]
Determined by carotid artery ultrasound.
Change in Self-determination Theory Constructs [3 months]
Constructs of SDT will be assessed as theoretical mediators of intervention effects using the following survey measures: Perceived Competence for Participating in Regular Physical Activity (PCSPA) and for Healthy Eating (PCSHE); Health Care Climate Questionaire to determine autonomy support; Exercise Self-Regulation Questionnaire and Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire to determine autonomous motivation for physical activity and healthy eating; Group Cohesion Scale to assess relatedness.
Change in Intuitive eating [3 months]
Intuitive Eating Scale measures attitudes and behaviors relating to intuitive eating.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

14 Years to 17 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Yes

Inclusion Criteria:

Male and female enrolled in second year (i.e. sophomore year) of high school at time of consent into study, junior year at time of intervention
Self-stated intent to complete high school
Predominantly minority ethnicity (self-reported)
Overweight/ obese and normal weight
Agreement to attend up to 3 after school classes per week for the 12 weeks of the program

Exclusion Criteria:

Serious chronic illness or physical, cognitive, or behavioral disability that would prevent ability to fully receive intervention
Prior diagnosis of clinical eating disorder, psychiatric disorder, or significant cognitive disability
Lack of English fluency
Participation in previous "Council" programs offered through the school
Participation in formal weight-loss programs in 3 months preceding entry to study
Pregnancy
Sibling or other household member enrolling for the intervention