Effects of Beta-glucan on Energy Intake and Satiety
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to address the effect of consuming 4g of soluble fibre beta-glucan at breakfast on satiety and food intake.
Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
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N/A |
Detailed Description
Satiation and satiety are part of the body's complex appetite control system that ultimately play a role in limiting energy intake. Satiation is referred to as the process that leads to the termination of eating, which may be accompanied by feelings of satisfaction. Satiety is the feeling of fullness that persists after eating, with the potential to suppress further energy intake until hunger returns. There is evidence to suggest that increasing gastro-intestinal viscosity improves appetite control and reduces subsequent food intake. Beta-glucan is a soluble fibre proposed to behave this way.
In this double-blinded, randomized, crossover trial, subjective appetite sensations will be measured and blood will be collected at specific time points during the two arms in order to determine hormonal responses. Ad libitum food intake will be recorded. Food diaries will be used to measure dietary intakes.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
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Placebo Comparator: Placebo Comparator: Control Breakfast Breakfast cereal and yoghurt only (placebo, negative control) |
Dietary Supplement: Control Breakfast
Isocaloric breakfast without added beta-glucans
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Experimental: Experimental: beta-Glucan Breakfast Breakfast cereal and yoghurt with the addition of 4g beta-glucan (14.7g Oatwell28 powder) |
Dietary Supplement: Oatwell28 Oatwell Original Powder
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Variation in energy intakes [1 day]
Ad libitum food intake (kilocalories) will be determined during an 'all you can' eat buffet lunch. Food intakes will be measured over 5 days; 3 days prior to the study day, on the day of the study and the day after.
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Variation in the feelings of appetite [-30, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150 minutes]
Measure of the satiating effect for each breakfast with Visual Analog Scale (Area Under the Curve) over time for subjective appetite parameters
- Variation in GLP-1 [0, 30, 60, 90 minutes]
Measure plasma total glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) area under the curve (AUC) over time.
- Variation in insulin [0, 30, 60, 90 minutes]
Measure plasma insulin (pg/mL) area under the curve (AUC) over time.
- Variation in glucose [0, 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes]
Measure blood glucose (mmol/L) area under the curve (AUC) over time.
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
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Males or Females, aged 18-50 years
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BMI of 20.0 - 29.9 kg/m2 at screening
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Subjects who usually consume breakfast
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Subject is willing to stick to his/her normal habitual diet, excluding the consumption of any unusual high energy-rich or fat-rich meals or undergo periods of fasting during the study period.
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Subject is willing to abstain from strenuous exercise, consume alcoholic drinks and caffeine containing food/drinks 24hours before study days and during study days.
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Ability to pass the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (Van Strein et al. 1986) to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger
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Subjects understands the study procedures and signs the informed consent to participate in the study
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Subject has no health conditions that would prevent him/her from fulfilling the study requirements as judged by the investigator on the basis of medical history or parameters measured during screening.
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Subject has been stable in body-weight within the last 6 months.
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Female subjects are willing to use a contraceptive method to avoid pregnancy during the study period.
Exclusion Criteria:
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Postmenopausal females
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Smokers
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Individuals who suffer from (or taking medication for) cardiovascular disease or gastrointestinal disease, including hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidaemia, Crohn's Disease, Irritable bowel syndrome, etc.
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Impaired glucose tolerance/Diabetes mellitus (Fasting blood glucose of ≥5.6mmol/l or 100mg/dL as per NHS criteria)
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Haemoglobin measurements of <120g/L for females and <130g/L for males (as per WHO criteria for anaemia)
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Pregnancy or breastfeeding
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Those who consume a high fibre diet - consumption of more than 20g/day - Individuals who have known food allergies to ingredients used in study meals (wheat, cow's milk, ham, dairy)
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Needle phobia
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Subjects who are on hypocaloric/hypercaloric diet aiming for weight loss/gain.
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Recent history of (within 12 months of screening visit) or strong potential for alcohol or substance abuse. Alcohol abuse is defined as >60g (men) / 40g (women) pure alcohol per day (1.5 l / 1 l beer resp. 0.75 l / 0.5 l wine).
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Subject has donated more than 300 mL of blood during the three months prior to screening.
Contacts and Locations
Locations
Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
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1 | Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh | Musselburgh | East Lothain | United Kingdom | EH21 6UU |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- Queen Margaret University
- DSM Nutritional Products, Inc.
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Suzanne Zaremba, Queen Margaret University
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
- Barone Lumaga R, Azzali D, Fogliano V, Scalfi L, Vitaglione P. Sugar and dietary fibre composition influence, by different hormonal response, the satiating capacity of a fruit-based and a β-glucan-enriched beverage. Food Funct. 2012 Jan;3(1):67-75. doi: 10.1039/c1fo10065c. Epub 2011 Nov 4.
- Huang XF, Yu Y, Beck EJ, South T, Li Y, Batterham MJ, Tapsell LC, Chen J. Diet high in oat β-glucan activates the gut-hypothalamic (PYY₃-₃₆-NPY) axis and increases satiety in diet-induced obesity in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011 Jul;55(7):1118-21. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201100095. Epub 2011 Jun 20.
- Juvonen KR, Salmenkallio-Marttila M, Lyly M, Liukkonen KH, Lähteenmäki L, Laaksonen DE, Uusitupa MI, Herzig KH, Poutanen KS, Karhunen LJ. Semisolid meal enriched in oat bran decreases plasma glucose and insulin levels, but does not change gastrointestinal peptide responses or short-term appetite in healthy subjects. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Sep;21(9):748-56. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.02.002. Epub 2010 Jun 4.
- Steinert RE, Beglinger C, Langhans W. Intestinal GLP-1 and satiation: from man to rodents and back. Int J Obes (Lond). 2016 Feb;40(2):198-205. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2015.172. Epub 2015 Aug 28. Review.
- Steinert RE, Schirra J, Meyer-Gerspach AC, Kienle P, Fischer H, Schulte F, Goeke B, Beglinger C. Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonism on appetite and food intake in healthy men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Aug;100(2):514-23. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.083246. Epub 2014 Jun 25.
- Vitaglione P, Lumaga RB, Montagnese C, Messia MC, Marconi E, Scalfi L. Satiating effect of a barley beta-glucan-enriched snack. J Am Coll Nutr. 2010 Apr;29(2):113-21.
- Vitaglione P, Lumaga RB, Stanzione A, Scalfi L, Fogliano V. beta-Glucan-enriched bread reduces energy intake and modifies plasma ghrelin and peptide YY concentrations in the short term. Appetite. 2009 Dec;53(3):338-44. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.07.013. Epub 2009 Jul 23.
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