Orofacial Myofunctional Disorder Among Asthmatic Children

Sponsor

Cairo University (Other)

Overall Status

Not yet recruiting

CT.gov ID

NCT05941416

Collaborator

(none)

195

Enrollment

Anticipated Duration (Months)

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

This study aims to evaluate orofacial myofunctional disorders among a group of children with bronchial asthma.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders	Diagnostic Test: Nordic Orofacial test- screening arabic modefied version

Detailed Description

Scientific Background (Statement of the problem):

Bronchial Asthma is a growing prevalent health problem among pediatric patients. The prevalence of Bronchial Asthma among children and adolescence in Cairo, Egypt was 9.4% (Georgy et al., 2007). It is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the lungs characterized by bronchial hyperactivity causing reversible airway obstruction and inflammation, and increased airway receptivity to stimuli (Ukena et al., 2008). Bronchial Asthma classification, historically, depended on the severity of symptoms, but recently Bronchial Asthma was classified according to levels of control: controlled, partly controlled, or uncontrolled. That recent classification considers not only the disease's severity but also the responsiveness to medications. (Koshak EA. 2007) As a result of inflammatory response and airway obstruction, difficulty in breathing may cause discomfort to the patients. So oral breathing become an alternative to nasal breathing. This change in the way of breathing can affect craniofacial growth which in sequence affects facial muscles. (Castro et al., 2012) The most characteristic features of mouth breathing are a long face, flat nose with narrow nostrils, hypotonic orofacial muscles, and open or semi-open mouth. Early diagnosis of mouth breathing can prevent the development of these features. (Milanesi et al., 2018) The stomatognathic system is a functional complex with a highly adaptable complex of bones, muscles, joints, teeth, lips, tongue, cheeks, glands, arteries, veins, and nerves that act harmoniously. So, any change in this harmony causes imbalance and alteration in the function which is called Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders. (Brożek et al., 2017) Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders are multifactorial conditions common in many genetic and congenital disorders. As well it can be acquired as a result of mouth breathing, deviate swallowing, TMD, trauma, tongue thrusting, sucking, or chewing habits past the age of 3 (Maria et al., 2008). Orofacial Myofunctional can be severely disabling as it affects chewing, swallowing, speech, facial expression, appearance and in conclusion affects oral health-related quality of life in children (OHRQoL). (Bakke et al., 2007) Symptoms of Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders may include facial asymmetry, mouth breathing, tongue thrusting, impaired speech, malocclusion, improper jaw growth, facial pain, drooling, dry mouth and sleeping disorder. (D'Onofrio L. 2022) Nordic Orofacial Test- screening (NOT-S) is a comprehensive screening instrument for the assessment of orofacial dysfunction. Nordic Orofacial Test- screening was first reported at the Second Nordic Conference on Orofacial Therapy in Gothenburg in 2002. Nordic Orofacial Test- screening has good reliability and gives a rough discrimination between normal orofacial function and various degrees of orofacial disability. (Bakke et al., 2007) Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in children (OHRQoL) is determined by social interactions, including speech, emotional communication, facial expression, and appearance. It can be measured by Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10). (Al-Blaihed et al., 2020) This study aims to evaluate orofacial myofunctional disorders among a group of children with Bronchial Asthms

Review of Literature:

Bronchial Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that targets millions of children and adolescence on an international scale. Georgy et al., 2006, reported that the prevalence of Bronchial Asthma was 9.4% among school children and adolescence in Cairo, Egypt. According to the World Health Organization WHO, in 2005, the cost of asthma medication exceeded the cost of AIDS. (Cerci Neto et al., 2007) In 2022, The recent Global Asthma Study (GAN) phase reported that worldwide prevalence of asthma among children reached 11% at age 6-7 years and 9.1 at age 13-14 years. (García-Marcos et al., 2022) Bronchial asthma is a lower respiratory tract infection that causes narrowing in bronchial tubes and airway obstruction. Castro et al., in 2012, founded that as a result to airway obstruction, asthmatic patients choose oral breathing as an alternative to nasal breathing.

Faria et al., in 2006, found an association between asthma onset and Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders observed in adults. In this study the authors reported that Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders are often observed in asthmatic patients that got affected by the disease before the age of 14. In 2021, Araújo et al. also reported that Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders and Malocclusion were found more among asthmatic children and adolescence when compared to healthy children. These children showed inadequate positioning of the jaw and during swallowing of water, tension in the facial muscles was reported YILMAZ et al., 2023, verified that Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders were statistically higher in the asthma group. The highest facial disfunctions had been found were chewing and swallowing food with certain consistency and long mealtime more than 30 minutes. These results affected the Oral Health Quality of Life for the asthmatic patients.

Study Design

Study Type:

Observational

Anticipated Enrollment :

195 participants

Observational Model:

Ecologic or Community

Time Perspective:

Cross-Sectional

Official Title:

Evaluation Of Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders Among A Group Of Children With Bronchial Asthma: A Cross-Sectional (Observational) Study

Anticipated Study Start Date :

Sep 1, 2023

Anticipated Primary Completion Date :

Sep 1, 2024

Anticipated Study Completion Date :

Dec 1, 2024

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Orofacial myofunctional disorders [Baseline]
Nordic orofacial test- screening (leme et al.,2012) / Binary

Secondary Outcome Measures

Oral habits evaluation (Mouth Breathing only) [Baseline]
Massler's water-holding test (De Menezes et al., 2006) / Binary
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) [Baseline]
Children perceptions questionnaire for 8-10-year-old children arabic version (CPQ8-10) (Al-Blaihed et al., 2020) / likert type scale(1-4)

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

8 Years to 10 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Inclusion Criteria:

Children aged between 8-10 years old
Asthmatic children were selected from the Asthma and Allergy Outpatients Clinic of Abu El-Reesh Japanese Hospital for kids

Exclusion Criteria:

Children who refused to participate
Children with Cognitive problems
Children with neurological diseases
Children undergoing orthodontic treatment
Children who underwent speech therapy
Children who underwent otorhinolaryngology surgery
Children with a history of oral habits such as thumb sucking, pacifier use, bottle, and nail-biting, over the age of three years

Contacts and Locations

Locations

No locations specified.

Sponsors and Collaborators

Cairo University

Investigators

Study Director: Manal A Elsayed, Professor, Cairo University

Study Documents (Full-Text)

None provided.

More Information

Publications

Responsible Party:

yara mamdouh khalifa ahmed, Dentist, Cairo University

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:

NCT05941416

Other Study ID Numbers:

OMD in Asthmatic

First Posted:

Jul 12, 2023

Last Update Posted:

Jul 12, 2023

Last Verified:

Jul 1, 2023

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product:

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product:

Keywords provided by yara mamdouh khalifa ahmed, Dentist, Cairo University

Orofacial myofunctional disorders

Bronchial Asthma

OMD

Study Results

No Results Posted as of Jul 12, 2023