PEN: Effect of Post-exercise Nutrition on Glycemia in Women
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to assess whether post-exercise Greek yogurt following a single session of aerobic exercise improves metabolic and musculoskeletal health in women with overweight/obesity.
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
N/A |
Detailed Description
Following the acquisition of informed consent, eligibility to participate in the study will be determined using questionnaires. Participants will undergo baseline testing at our laboratory at the University of Toronto to determine cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and undergo exercise familiarization.
Eligible participants will be assigned, in a random order, to two metabolic trials approximately 4 weeks apart that involve 4 days of controlled diet and exercise. Each trial takes place over 4 days, but participants are not required to come to the laboratory on all days. The two trials involve: 1) Exercise + Greek Yogurt (GY) 2) Exercise + a carbohydrate-based study supplement (SS).
During the 4 day trials, participants consume controlled diets and the study supplements (GY and SS). On 1 of these days participants will perform exercise in our lab followed by the consumption of GY or SS. Various outcomes will be measured throughout the trial, including glycemic control (via continuous glucose monitoring), fat oxidation, appetite and health outcomes in blood samples.
Throughout the duration of the study, participants will be asked to maintain their habitual diet and physical activity patterns, and maintain their current body weight.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Experimental: High-intensity interval exercise and post-exercise Greek yogurt (HIIE+GY) Participants will consume greek yogurt following a single session of exercise |
Behavioral: Greek yogurt
Following 2 days of controlled diet, participants will consume greek yogurt following high-intensity interval exercise
Behavioral: Exercise
Following 2 days of controlled diet, participants will perform high-intensity interval exercise following an overnight fast
|
| Active Comparator: High-intensity interval exercise and post-exercise carbohydrate study supplement (HIIE +SS) Participants will consume a carbohydrate-based study supplement following a single session of exercise |
Behavioral: Carbohydrate-based study supplement
Following 2 days of controlled diet, participants will consume a carbohydrate-based study supplement following high-intensity interval exercise
Behavioral: Exercise
Following 2 days of controlled diet, participants will perform high-intensity interval exercise following an overnight fast
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Postprandial glycemia [24 hour post-exercise]
Postprandial glucose exposure assessed using continuous glucose monitoring
Secondary Outcome Measures
- 24 hours average glucose [24 hours post-exercise]
Average glucose concentration over 24 hours
- Nocturnal glucose [6-8 hours]
Overnight glucose concentration
- Nocturnal glucose [6-8 hours]
Overnight glucose exposure (area under the curve)
- Glycemic variability [24 hours]
Continuous overall net glycemic action (CONGA)
- Glycemic variability [24 hours]
Standard deviation (SD)
- Glycemic variability [24 hours]
Coefficient of variation (%CV)
- Post-exercise fat oxidation [1, 2 and 3 hours post-exercise]
Fat oxidation assessed with indirect calorimetry
- Fasting glucose concentration [24 hours post-exercise]
Venous blood sampling
- Fasting insulin concentration [24 hours post-exercise]
Venous blood sampling
- Fasting insulin resistance [24 hours post-exercise]
Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2)
- Bone metabolism [30, 90, and 180 minutes and 24 hours post-exercise]
Serum concentration of CTX
- Bone metabolism [30, 90, and 180 minutes and 24 hours post-exercise]
Serum concentration of OPG
- Bone metabolism [30, 90, and 180 minutes and 24 hours post-exercise]
Serum concentration of RANKL
- Bone metabolism [30, 90, and 180 minutes and 24 hours post-exercise]
Serum concentration of OC
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
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18-45 yrs
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BMI ≥27 kg/m2
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Elevated waist circumference (≥88 cm)
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≤2 structured exercise sessions/week
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Weight stable (within ± 2kg for at least 6 months)
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Experiencing regular natural menstrual cycles
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Non-smoker
Exclusion Criteria:
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Allergy to dairy foods
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Diagnosed lactose intolerance or an aversion to foods provided during the study (e.g., post-exercise snacks)
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Previous history of cardiovascular or metabolic disease
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The use of medication for managing blood glucose or lipid metabolism
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Current use of oral contraceptives or use within the last 3 months
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Irregular menstrual cycles (<21 days or >35 days)
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Pregnant or lactating
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Recreational tobacco or cannabis use
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Inability to perform the study exercise protocols
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Actively engaging in a low-carbohydrate diet (e.g., ketogenic, Atkins).
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jenna Gillen | Toronto | Ontario | Canada | M4K 1V2 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- University of Toronto
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Jenna Gillen, PhD, University of Toronto
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
None provided.- 42756-3