Exercise and Diet for Pediatric Obesity
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), is a communicable pandemic disease as stated by the world health organization (WHO), which has been affecting the world since December 2019. COVID-19 infected children develop the signs and symptoms of the disease, which can be exaggerated or life-threatening when associated with comorbidities like; obesity, sickle cell anemia, immune disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, chronic respiratory or cardiac problems, and congenital malformations.3 It is observed that children affected with COVID-19 who are physically inactive or in a sedentary lifestyle may induce and develop obesity. It is a major health concern in this pandemic situation, which can be addressed and treated with the use of appropriate physical training and proper dietary habits.
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
N/A |
Detailed Description
Children confirmed with COVID-19 infection have some systemic illness, that might lead to children with obesity. They are advised to perform regular physical training and consume a proper diet to prevent and treat negative consequences. Therefore, different obesity management and weight reduction protocols are developed to control and prevent health problems and socio-economic issues associated with obesity. The management of this clinical condition has received very little attention, there is no well-defined exercise protocols or dietary prescription for this special population; therefore, there is a need for an elaborative trial in this field. Hence, the aim of this trial was to investigate and compare the clinical and psychological effects of integrated physical training with a high protein diet versus a low protein diet in community-dwelling COVID-19 infected children with obesity.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Experimental: High-intensity aerobic training with high protein diet - Group A High-intensity aerobic training (HAT) was given at 50 to 70 percent of maximum heart rate. Subsequent to stretching, the subjects were asked to do 30 mins of HAT exercises; consisting of 20 mins on the treadmill and 10 mins on a cycle ergometer at 50 to 70 % of MHR, lastly, 10 mins of cool down was performed. Next the participants, in this group A were prescribed with strength training exercises with resistance depending upon each subject's individual muscle assessment. In addition to these physical training exercises, this group also received a high protein diet in the range of 1.1 - 1.3 g/kg protein/ ideal body weight/day (>1 g/kg aBW/d), as prescribed by a qualified nutritionist. |
Other: High-intensity aerobic training with high protein diet
High-intensity aerobic training (HAT) was given at 50 to 70 percent of maximum heart rate. Subsequent to stretching, the subjects were asked to do 30 mins of HAT exercises; consisting of 20 mins on the treadmill and 10 mins on a cycle ergometer at 50 to 70 % of MHR, lastly, 10 mins of cool down was performed.
Next the participants, in this group A were prescribed with strength training exercises with resistance depending upon each subject's individual muscle assessment.
In addition to these physical training exercises, this group also received a high protein diet in the range of 1.1 - 1.3 g/kg protein/ ideal body weight/day (>1 g/kg aBW/d), as prescribed by a qualified nutritionist.
|
| Placebo Comparator: Control group - Group B This group is considered a control group and they were allowed to follow their regular physical activities and dietary pattern. |
Other: Control group
This group is considered a control group and they were allowed to follow their regular physical activities and dietary pattern.
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Body mass index (BMI) [At baseline]
For children, age adjusted BMI percentile (BMI %) was calculated, which is a reliable and valid measurement to measure the stage of obesity.
- Body mass index (BMI) [8 weeks]
For children, age adjusted BMI percentile (BMI %) was calculated, which is a reliable and valid measurement to measure the stage of obesity.
- Body mass index (BMI) [6 months]
For children, age adjusted BMI percentile (BMI %) was calculated, which is a reliable and valid measurement to measure the stage of obesity.
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Muscle cross sectional area - CSA [At baseline]
Muscle CSA is measured with Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, it is an expensive measurement. The CSA of three major muscle such as; half way at arm - biceps, thigh - quadriceps and calf muscles were measured and included for analysis.
- Muscle cross sectional area - CSA [8 weeks]
Muscle CSA is measured with Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, it is an expensive measurement. The CSA of three major muscle such as; half way at arm - biceps, thigh - quadriceps and calf muscles were measured and included for analysis.
- Muscle cross sectional area - CSA [6 months.]
Muscle CSA is measured with Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, it is an expensive measurement. The CSA of three major muscle such as; half way at arm - biceps, thigh - quadriceps and calf muscles were measured and included for analysis.
- Adiponectin [At baseline]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker Adiponectin levels were measured with ELISA kit
- Adiponectin [8 weeks]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker Adiponectin levels were measured with ELISA kit
- Adiponectin [6 months]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker Adiponectin levels were measured with ELISA kit
- Leptin [At baseline]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker Leptin levels were measured with ELISA kit
- Leptin [8 weeks]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker Leptin levels were measured with ELISA kit
- Leptin [6 months]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker Leptin levels were measured with ELISA kit
- TNF-α [At baseline]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker TNF-α levels were measured with ELISA kit
- TNF-α [8 weeks]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker TNF-α levels were measured with ELISA kit
- TNF-α [6 months.]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical markers TNF-α levels were measured with ELISA kit
- IL-6 [At baseline]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker IL-6 levels were measured with ELISA kit
- IL-6 [8 weeks]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker IL-6 levels were measured with ELISA kit
- IL-6 [6 months.]
Fasting (less than 12 hrs) venous blood samples were collected from all the participants and centrifugation of the specimen was done. Serum and plasma were separated and stored immediately at -800C. Biochemical marker IL-6 levels were measured with ELISA kit
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
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Positively diagnosed COVID-19 children
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age group of 5 - 12 years
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Body mass index (BMI) between 85th to 99th percentiles
Exclusion Criteria:
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history of physical training,
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taking medications,
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recent surgeries,
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fractures and joint problems in the lower extremity,
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cardiac and respiratory problems,
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neurological issues,
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major psychiatric problems,
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other systemic diseases,
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contraindications for physical training and family with food restrictions
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gopal Nambi | Al Kharj | Riyadh | Saudi Arabia | 11942 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University
Investigators
None specified.Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
None provided.- RHPT/020/058