MCT+AE: Medium Chain Triglycerides and Aerobic Exercise on Ketone Production in Women With or Without Prediabetes

• Sponsor: Université de Sherbrooke (Other)
• Overall Status: Completed
• CT.gov ID: NCT02678390
• Collaborator: (none)
• Enrollment: 20
• Location: 1
• Arms: 2
• Duration (Months): 24
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 0.8

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The aim of this study is to compare the effect on ketone production of dietary an MCT supplement combined or not with physical exercise in two groups of women (N=10/group), healthy adults and patients with prediabetes. After an evaluation of the metabolism (a 4-hour visit with multiple blood samples) at the beginning of the study, all the participants are taken for one-week the MCT supplement alone follow by a one-week period of taking the MCT supplement in combination with physical exercise. At the end of each period of time, the 4-hour visit for the evaluation of the metabolism is repeated.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Prediabetic State	Dietary Supplement: MCT; Dietary Supplement: MCT+ aerobic exercise; Dietary Supplement: Aerobic exercise; Dietary Supplement: Control day	N/A

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional
• Actual Enrollment: 20 participants
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Official Title: Stimulating the Production of Ketones Through the Combined Use of Aerobic Exercise (AE) and Dietary a Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT) Supplement
• Study Start Date: Sep 1, 2015
• Actual Primary Completion Date: Sep 1, 2017
• Actual Study Completion Date: Sep 1, 2017

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: Healthy women Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.	Dietary Supplement: MCT; A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day.; Dietary Supplement: MCT+ aerobic exercise; A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days.; Other Names: MCT+AE ; Dietary Supplement: Aerobic exercise; A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR).; Other Names: AE ; Dietary Supplement: Control day; No MCT or aerobic exercise; Other Names: CTL
Experimental: Women with prediabetes Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.	Dietary Supplement: MCT; A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day.; Dietary Supplement: MCT+ aerobic exercise; A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days.; Other Names: MCT+AE ; Dietary Supplement: Aerobic exercise; A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR).; Other Names: AE ; Dietary Supplement: Control day; No MCT or aerobic exercise; Other Names: CTL

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. Plasma Ketone Concentrations [5 days]

   Acetoacetate (umol/L) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (umol/L); Called Ketones (µmol/L) when combine together The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)

Secondary Outcome Measures

1. Plasma Glucose Concentrations [5 days]

   Glucose (mmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)

2. Plasma Triglyceride Concentrations [5 days]

   Triglycerides (mmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)

3. Plasma Free Fatty Acid Concentrations [5 days]

   Free fatty acids (mmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)

4. Plasma Insulin Concentrations [5 days]

   Insulin (nmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 60 Years and Older
• Sexes Eligible for Study: Female
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy women group: fasting blood glucose < 6.1 mmol/L and HbA1c < 6.0 %.

• Women with prediabetes: fasting blood glucose between 6.1 and 6.9 mmol/L and HbA1c between 6.0 and 6.4 %

Exclusion Criteria:

• Structured physical activity (more than 2 times per week)

• Inability to practice physical exercise

• Diabetes (fasting glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/L or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%)

• Uncontrolled dyslipidemia or hypertension

• Use of medications known to affect the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates (steroids, beta-blockers, diuretics, insulin sensitizers, etc.)

• Severe infections or inflammations

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	Research Centre on Aging - CSSS-IUGS - CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS	Sherbrooke	Quebec	Canada	J1H 4C4

Sponsors and Collaborators

• Université de Sherbrooke

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Stephen Cunnane, PhD, Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS

Study Documents (Full-Text)

• Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan - Feb 1, 2016

More Information

Publications

None provided.

• Responsible Party: Université de Sherbrooke
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02678390
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2015-508
• First Posted: Feb 9, 2016
• Last Update Posted: Apr 7, 2020
• Last Verified: Mar 1, 2020

• Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: Undecided
• Plan to Share IPD: Undecided
• Additional relevant MeSH terms: Prediabetic State

Study Results

Participant Flow

Arm/Group Title	Healthy Women	Women With Prediabetes
Arm/Group Description	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise
Period Title: Control (5 Days)
STARTED	10	10
COMPLETED	10	10
NOT COMPLETED	0	0
Period Title: Control (5 Days)
STARTED	10	10
COMPLETED	10	10
NOT COMPLETED	0	0
Period Title: Control (5 Days)
STARTED	10	10
COMPLETED	10	9
NOT COMPLETED	0	1
Period Title: Control (5 Days)
STARTED	10	9
COMPLETED	10	9
NOT COMPLETED	0	0

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	Healthy Women	Women With Prediabetes	Total
Arm/Group Description	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise	Total of all reporting groups
Overall Participants	10	9	19
Age (years) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [years]	67 (4)	68 (5)	68 (4)
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	10 100%	9 100%	19 100%
Male	0 0%	0 0%	0 0%
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected (Count of Participants)
Count of Participants [Participants]	0 0%
Region of Enrollment (participants) [Number]
Canada	10 100%	9 100%	19 100%
Body mass index (kg/m2) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [kg/m2]	27 (3)	28 (4)	27 (4)
Total body fat (% of body fat) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [% of body fat]	43 (6)	40 (4)	42 (5)
Plasma glucose (mmol/L) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [mmol/L]	5.4 (0.1)	6.1 (0.4)	5.8 (0.3)
Glycated hemoglobin (% of glycated hemoglobin) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [% of glycated hemoglobin]	5.7 (0.2)	6.1 (0.2)	5.9 (0.2)
Ketones (µmol/L) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [µmol/L]	153 (94)	116 (71)	135 (83)
Triglycerides (mmol/L) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [mmol/L]	1.5 (0.4)	1.6 (0.8)	1.55 (0.6)
Free Fatty acids (mmol/L) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [mmol/L]	0.8 (0.3)	0.7 (0.3)	0.75 (0.3)
Insulin (pmol/L) [Mean (Standard Deviation) ]
Mean (Standard Deviation) [pmol/L]	64 (11)	65 (32)	64.5 (22)

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	Plasma Ketone Concentrations
Description	Acetoacetate (umol/L) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (umol/L); Called Ketones (µmol/L) when combine together The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)
Time Frame	5 days

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Healthy Women	Women With Prediabetes
Arm/Group Description	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise
Measure Participants	10	9
CTL: AUC ketone	-52 (117)	12 (96)
MCT: AUC ketone	493 (243)	627 (489)
AE: AUC ketone	122 (146)	23 (74)
MCT+AE: AUC ketone	835 (444)	663 (417)

2. Secondary Outcome

Title	Plasma Glucose Concentrations
Description	Glucose (mmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)
Time Frame	5 days

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Healthy Women	Women With Prediabetes
Arm/Group Description	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise
Measure Participants	10	9
CTL: AUC glucose	7.6 (1.4)	11.0 (2.8)
MCT: AUC glucose	7.3 (1.3)	11.6 (2.8)
AE: AUC glucose	7.6 (1.0)	10.4 (3.0)
MCT+AE: AUC glucose	7.7 (1.5)	10.3 (1.8)

3. Secondary Outcome

Title	Plasma Triglyceride Concentrations
Description	Triglycerides (mmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)
Time Frame	5 days

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Healthy Women	Women With Prediabetes
Arm/Group Description	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise
Measure Participants	10	9
CTL: AUC triglycerides	3.6 (0.6)	3.8 (0.3)
MCT: AUC triglycerides	3.9 (0.4)	3.5 (0.5)
AE: AUC triglycerides	4.0 (0.4)	3.7 (0.7)
MCT+AE: AUC triglycerides	3.9 (0.6)	3.5 (0.8)

4. Secondary Outcome

Title	Plasma Free Fatty Acid Concentrations
Description	Free fatty acids (mmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)
Time Frame	5 days

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Healthy Women	Women With Prediabetes
Arm/Group Description	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise
Measure Participants	10	9
CTL: AUC Free fatty acids	1.3 (0.3)	1.3 (0.6)
MCT: AUC Free fatty acids	1.3 (0.2)	1.5 (0.4)
AE: AUC Free fatty acids	1.3 (0.2)	1.4 (0.3)
MCT+AE: AUC Free fatty acids	1.4 (0.6)	1.6 (0.3)

5. Secondary Outcome

Title	Plasma Insulin Concentrations
Description	Insulin (nmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)
Time Frame	5 days

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	Healthy Women	Women With Prediabetes
Arm/Group Description	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise
Measure Participants	10	9
CTL: AUC Insulin	0.9 (0.5)	0.8 (0.3)
MCT: AUC Insulin	0.8 (0.3)	0.8 (0.8)
AE: AUC Insulin	0.8 (0.2)	0.7 (0.3)
MCT+AE: AUC Insulin	0.7 (0.3)	0.6 (0.2)

Adverse Events

Time Frame	2 weeks
Arm/Group Title	Healthy Women		Women With Prediabetes
Arm/Group Description	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise		Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days. MCT: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. MCT+ aerobic exercise: A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combinaison with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR) per day for the five days. Aerobic exercise: A single period of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR). Control day: No MCT or aerobic exercise
All Cause Mortality
	Healthy Women		Women With Prediabetes
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/10 (0%)		0/9 (0%)
Serious Adverse Events
	Healthy Women		Women With Prediabetes
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/10 (0%)		0/9 (0%)
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	Healthy Women		Women With Prediabetes
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	0/10 (0%)		0/9 (0%)

Limitations/Caveats

[Not Specified]

More Information

Certain Agreements

All Principal Investigators ARE employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.