Effect of Breathing Exercises and Upper Limb Endurance Exercises in Pregnant Women Presented With Physiological Dyspnea
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
To evaluate the effects of breathing exercises and upper limb endurance exercises in pregnant women presented with physiological dyspnea
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
N/A |
Detailed Description
Pregnant women undergo various anatomical and physiological changes so that they can cope with the increased physical and metabolic demands of their pregnancies. Cardiovascular, respiratory, haematological, renal, gastrointestinal and endocrine systems undergo important physiological adaptations needed to allow development of the fetus and to allow the mother and fetus to survive the demands of childbirth . On the other hand, dyspnea can be caused by pregnancy complications, thus requiring specific medical treatment. Shortness of breath is common during pregnancy, occurring in 60% to 70% of healthy pregnant women . The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of breathing exercises and upper limb endurance exercises in pregnant women presented with physiological dyspnea
Study Design
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Modified dyspnea Borg scale [4 weeks]
Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale is most commonly used to assess symptoms of breathlessness. It has a range from 0 to 10 (with 0 being no exertion and 10 being maximum effort).
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) [4 weeks]
allows the patients to indicate the extent to which their breathlessness affects their mobility. The 1-5 stage scale is used alongside the questionnaire to establish clinical grades of breathlessness.
- London chest activity of Daily Living questionnaire (LCADL) [4 weeks]
It consist of four domains Selfcare, domestic activities, physical activities and leisure activities. Selfcare, domestic, physical and leisure activities contains 4, 6, 2 and 3 items respectively. Each item is graded by numbers 0-5, 0 mean little or no dyspnea and 5 mean worst dyspnea
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
-
Inclusion criteria: pregnant women presented with physiological dyspnea.
-
Exclusion criteria:
-
Non physiological causes of dyspnea in pregnancy
-
Cardiac: arrhythmia, constrictive pericarditis , pericardial effusion , coronary heart disease , congestive heart failure , intracardiac shunt , cardiomyopathy , valvular heart disease.
-
Chest wall, pleura, lungs: bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis ,bronchiolitis ,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary emphysema, interstitial lung disease, sarcoidosis ,lung tumor narrowing or compressing the airways , pleural effusion , pulmonary right-to-left shunt , pulmonary hypertension ,elevated hemi diaphragm, phrenic nerve palsy, kyphoscoliosis
-
CNS and neuromuscular: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , mitochondrial disease polymyositis/ dermatomyositis
-
Metabolic: renal failure , thyroid disease
-
Head and neck : laryngeal tumor ,vocal cord paralysis , vocal cord dysfunction , tumor compressing the upper airways , tracheal stenosis , goiter
-
Others: anemia , anxiety disorder, panic attacks, , ascites , obesity, abdominal wall hernia
- Refusal to participate
Contacts and Locations
Locations
No locations specified.Sponsors and Collaborators
- Entsar Hsanen
Investigators
None specified.Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
- Hegewald MJ, Crapo RO. Respiratory physiology in pregnancy. Clin Chest Med. 2011 Mar;32(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2010.11.001.
- Lee SY, Chien DK, Huang CH, Shih SC, Lee WC, Chang WH. Dyspnea in pregnancy. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Aug;56(4):432-436. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2017.04.035.
- Melzer K, Schutz Y, Boulvain M, Kayser B. Physical activity and pregnancy: cardiovascular adaptations, recommendations and pregnancy outcomes. Sports Med. 2010 Jun 1;40(6):493-507. doi: 10.2165/11532290-000000000-00000.
- breathing exercises pregnancy