OFATHA: Opioid Free Anesthesia in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Sponsor

CMC Ambroise Paré (Other)

Overall Status

Recruiting

CT.gov ID

NCT05072704

Collaborator

(none)

Enrollment

Location

Arms

Anticipated Duration (Months)

4.5

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most common orthopedic surgical procedure and is associated with severe pain in the immediate postoperative period, thus limiting early recovery.

Postoperative pain management in THA requires multimodal analgesia, combining drugs and injection of a local anesthetic (LA). But, the best anesthesia strategy to provide optimal postoperative analgesia in THA remains controversial. Opioid free anesthesia could limit the episodes of hyperalgesia as well as tolerance and addiction to opioids.

The hypothesis of this study is that an opioid free anesthesia using dexmedetomidine could improve analgesia after THA.

The main objective of this monocenter, prospective, randomized, triple-blind, controlled trial is to assess the interest of opioid free anesthesia using dexmedetomidine on morphine consumption after THA.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty	Drug: Sufentanil Drug: Dexmedetomidine	Phase 3

Detailed Description

In the pre-anaesthesia room, after the implementation of classical monitoring and a peripheral venous catheter, all patients will receive an antibioprophylaxis according to SFAR (French Society of Anesthesia & Intensive Care Medecine) recommendations and injection of 10 mg of IV dexamethasone.

The patients will be then randomized in 2 groups:

Control group:

Pre-operative normal saline infusion 100 ml over 30 minutes
Injection of sufentanil 10 µg in normal saline 2 ml on induction of anesthesia

If needed after incision :

Per-operative normal saline infusion 100 ml
Per-operative injection of sufentanil 5 µg in normal saline 1 ml

OFA group (experimental group):

Pre-operative dexmedetomidine infusion 1 µg/kg in normal saline 100 ml over 30 minutes
Injection of normal saline 2 ml on induction of anesthesia

If needed after incision :

Per-operative dexmedetomidine infusion 0.4 µg/kg in normal saline 100 ml
Per-operative injection of normal saline 1 ml

In the operating room, general anesthesia will be induced by intravenous ketamine (0.4 mg/kg)

propofol (3 mg/kg) +/- cisatracurium (0.1 mg/kg) for the introduction of laryngeal mask airway. Anesthesia will be maintained with propofol.

Postoperative analgesia protocol :

Multimodal analgesia will be instituted during surgery by the administration of paracetamol (1 g), nefopam (20 mg) and ketoprofen (100 mg) and the infiltration of the surgical wound with 100 ml of ropivacaine 0.2%.
In post-anesthesia care unit (PACU): oxycodone titration if NRS (pain score) >3 according to the centre's usual care.
In ward and at home: systematic per os analgesia with paracetamol (1 g, 4 times a day) and ibuprofen (400 mg, 3 times a day); oxycodone (10 mg, lockout interval: 4 h) if NRS (pain score) >3.

Study Design

Study Type:

Interventional

Anticipated Enrollment :

80 participants

Allocation:

Randomized

Intervention Model:

Parallel Assignment

Masking:

Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)

Primary Purpose:

Treatment

Official Title:

Opioid Free Anesthesia in Total Hip Arthroplasty. A Randomized, Controlled and Triple-blind Clinical Trial

Actual Study Start Date :

Feb 3, 2022

Anticipated Primary Completion Date :

Aug 3, 2023

Anticipated Study Completion Date :

Aug 4, 2023

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Active Comparator: Control group Sufentanil IV injection	Drug: Sufentanil Pre-operative injection of sufentanil 10µg in 2ml of normal saline on induction of anesthesia + per-operative injection of sufentanil 5µg in 1ml of normal saline during the surgery if needed.
Experimental: OFA group Dexmedetomidine IV infusion	Drug: Dexmedetomidine Pre-operative infusion of dexmedetomidine 1µg/kg in 100ml of normal saline before surgery + per-operative infusion of dexmedetomidine 0.4 µg/kg in 100ml of normal saline during the surgery if needed.

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

Active Comparator: Control group

Sufentanil IV injection

Drug: Sufentanil

Pre-operative injection of sufentanil 10µg in 2ml of normal saline on induction of anesthesia + per-operative injection of sufentanil 5µg in 1ml of normal saline during the surgery if needed.

Experimental: OFA group

Dexmedetomidine IV infusion

Drug: Dexmedetomidine

Pre-operative infusion of dexmedetomidine 1µg/kg in 100ml of normal saline before surgery + per-operative infusion of dexmedetomidine 0.4 µg/kg in 100ml of normal saline during the surgery if needed.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Postoperative analgesia, defined by the oxycodone consumption in the first 24 hours post-surgery [24 hours]
Postoperative cumulated dose of oxycodone in oral morphine equivalent (mg)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Analgesia in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) [6 hours]
Total amount of oxycodone (mg) administered in PACU
Postoperative pain at rest [24 hours]
Postoperative pain at rest (numeric rating scale ranging from 0 to 10: 0= no pain; 10= worst imaginable pain)
Postoperative pain at walk [24 hours]
Postoperative pain at mobilization (numeric rating scale ranging from 0 to 10: 0= no pain; 10= worst imaginable pain)
Side effects associated with opioids [24 hours]
Complications due to oxycodone (postoperative nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, acute urinary retention, pruritus, disorientation)
Side effects associated with dexmedetomidine [24 hours]
Complications due to dexmedetomidine (bradycardia defined by HR<50 bpm or requiring the use of atropine; hypotension defined by SBP<90 mmHg or requiring the use of vasoconstrictors; hypertension defined by SBP>160 mmHg).
Outpatient care failure [24 hours]
Unplanned hospitalizations
Length of stay in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) [6 hours]
Duration of PACU stay (min)
Time to recover the ability to walk [12 hours]
Duration for recovery the ability to walk (min)

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years and Older

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Inclusion Criteria:

18 years and older,
Undergoing outpatient primary total hip arthroplasty under general anesthesia with laryngeal mask,
Consent for participation,
Affiliation to a social security system

Exclusion Criteria:

Heart rate < 60 bpm
Chronic pain syndrome requiring preoperative morphine use (class 3)
Contraindication for: paracetamol, ketoprofen, nefopam, oxycodone, propofol, ketamine, cisatracurium, sufentanyl, ropivacaine.
Contraindication for dexmedetomidine: hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients, advanced cardiac block (grade 2 or 3) unless paced ; uncontrolled hypotension ; acute cerebrovascular conditions
Contraindication to laryngeal mask : old insulin-dependent diabetes, gastro-oesophageal reflux, morbid obesity (defined by BMI > 35)
Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Women of child bearing potential without contraception (any contraceptive method used regularly and appropriately with a low failure rate: <1% per year),
A mental or linguistic inability to understand the study,
Patient under protection of the adults (guardianship, curators or safeguard of justice),
Patient included or planning to be included in another clinical trial relating to medications