FREEDOM-EXT: An Open-Label Extension Trial of UT-15C Sustained-release (SR) in Subjects With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Sponsor
United Therapeutics (Industry)
Overall Status
Completed
CT.gov ID
NCT01027949
Collaborator
(none)
894
135
1
156.9
6.6
0

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

This study provided/continued to provide oral treprostinil (UT-15C SR; treprostinil diethanolamine) to eligible subjects who participated in Studies TDE-PH-202, TDE-PH-203, TDE-PH-205, TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, and TDE-PH-308. The study assessed the long term safety of oral treprostinil and the effect of continued treatment with oral treprostinil on exercise capacity after 1 year of treatment.

Condition or Disease Intervention/Treatment Phase
  • Drug: Oral Treprostinil
Phase 3

Detailed Description

This was an international, multicenter, open-label study designed to provide oral treprostinil for eligible subjects who participated in Studies TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, TDE-PH-308, TDE-PH-202, TDE PH 203, and TDE-PH-205. Subjects randomly allocated to receive oral treprostinil in Studies TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, or TDE-PH-308 and enrolled in this open-label study completed visits at Months 6, 12, 24, 36, and yearly visits thereafter. Subjects randomly allocated to receive placebo in Studies TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, or TDE-PH-308 completed visits at Months 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and yearly visits thereafter. Subjects that transitioned from Studies TDE-PH-202, TDE-PH-203, and TDE-PH-205 (that had an open-label study design) followed the regimen for subjects receiving oral treprostinil. A 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and Borg dyspnea score were conducted at the visit which occurred 12 months after the subject's first exposure to oral treprostinil.

Adverse events (AEs) were reported continuously throughout the study; any AEs ongoing at the time of discharge from Studies TDE PH-301, TDE PH-302, TDE-PH-308, TDE-PH-202, TDE-PH-203, and TDE-PH-205 were recorded as AEs and marked as "ongoing from previous study" in the subject's electronic Case Report Form (eCRF). Study drug dosing and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) concomitant medication usage were assessed at each scheduled study visit and recorded in the subject's eCRF.

Study Design

Study Type:
Interventional
Actual Enrollment :
894 participants
Allocation:
N/A
Intervention Model:
Single Group Assignment
Masking:
None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose:
Treatment
Official Title:
An Open-Label Extension Trial of UT-15C SR in Subjects With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Actual Study Start Date :
Jan 16, 2007
Actual Primary Completion Date :
Feb 12, 2020
Actual Study Completion Date :
Feb 12, 2020

Arms and Interventions

Arm Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: Oral Treprostinil

Subjects from previous studies TDE-PH-202 (NCT01104870), TDE-PH-203 (NCT01477333), and TDE-PH-205 (NCT01588405), TDE-PH-301 (NCT00325442), TDE-PH-302 (NCT00325403), or TDE PH-308 (NCT00887978). Subjects were instructed to take the appropriate amount of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and/or 2.5 mg tablets based upon their prescribed dose. Investigators were instructed to increase the dose of oral treprostinil in the absence of dose limiting drug-related AEs to ensure each subject received the optimal clinical dose throughout the study

Drug: Oral Treprostinil
Oral sustained release tablet, twice or thrice daily. Open label study with active drug, no other intervention arms.
Other Names:
  • Treprostinil diethanolamine, treprostinil diolamine
  • UT-15C
  • Outcome Measures

    Primary Outcome Measures

    1. Change in Exercise Capacity at Month 12 [From First Visit (Visit 1) to Month 12]

      Assess the effect of continued therapy with oral treprostinil on exercise capacity as assessed by the change from Baseline in 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) after 1 year of treatment. The 6MWT is the clinical standard for assessing subject functional status in the treatment of PAH and has been considered an objective measure of subject functional status by the American Thoracic Society. The distance a subject can walk in 6 minutes is recorded in meters.

    Eligibility Criteria

    Criteria

    Ages Eligible for Study:
    12 Years and Older
    Sexes Eligible for Study:
    All
    Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
    No
    Inclusion Criteria:
    1. The subject remained on study drug and completed all assessments during the Treatment Phase of the previous study (TDE-PH-202, TDE-PH-203, TDE-PH-205, TDE-PH-301, TDE PH-302, or TDE-PH-308) OR the subject permanently discontinued study drug during the Treatment Phase of the previous study due to clinical worsening (as defined in the protocol of the previous study), completed premature termination assessments prior to discontinuing study drug, completed all remaining scheduled study visits, AND received placebo during the Treatment Phase of the previous studies OR the subject was randomized into Group 1 or Group 2 in Study TDE PH 202, permanently discontinued study drug during the 12-week Treatment Phase due to clinical worsening, completed all premature termination assessments prior to discontinuing study drug, and completed all remaining scheduled study visits and assessments (with the exception of the hemodynamic measurements) through Week 12. Such subjects should have started treatment with oral treprostinil in the open-label study at 0.25 mg twice daily (BID).

    2. The subject voluntarily gave informed consent to participate in the study.

    3. Women of childbearing potential includes any female who had experienced menarche and who had not undergone successful surgical sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy) or was not postmenopausal (defined as amenorrhea for at least 12 consecutive months). Sexually active women of childbearing potential must have used 2 effective forms of contraception during the length of the study. Medically acceptable forms of effective contraception included: (1) approved hormonal contraceptives (such as birth control pills), (2) barrier methods (such as a condom or diaphragm) used with a spermicide, (3) an intrauterine device, (4) partner vasectomy, or (5) abstinence. Males participating in the study must have used a condom during the length of the study, and for at least 48 hours after discontinuing study medication. Protocol Amendment A.1AU included the required assessment for Austrian subjects to perform urine pregnancy tests every 4 weeks during the study.

    Exclusion Criteria:
    1. The subject permanently discontinued study drug during the previous study (TDE PH 202, TDE-PH-203, TDE PH 205, TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, or TDE PH 308) due to treatment-related adverse events (AEs).

    2. The subject permanently discontinued study drug during the Treatment Phase of the previous study (TDE-PH-202, TDE-PH-203, TDE-PH-205, TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, or TDE-PH-308) due to clinical worsening (as defined in those study protocols) and did not undergo premature termination assessments prior to discontinuing study drug, and/or did not complete all remaining study visits through the final scheduled visit.

    3. The subject prematurely discontinued study drug during the Treatment Phase of the previous study due to clinical worsening (as defined in those study protocols), completed premature termination assessments prior to discontinuing study drug, completed all remaining scheduled study visits AND received oral treprostinil during the Treatment Phase of the previous study (TDE PH-202, TDE-PH-203, TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, or TDE PH-308). Subjects enrolled in Study TDE-PH-202 who were randomized into the individual maximum tolerated dose (iMTD) group who clinically worsened could not participate. Subjects who permanently discontinued study drug during the 12-week Treatment Phase due to treatment-related AEs were not eligible even if they completed all remaining scheduled study visits. Subjects who permanently discontinued study drug during the 12 week Treatment Phase and did not undergo premature termination assessments prior to discontinuing study drug and/or who did not complete all remaining study visits through the Week 12 visit were also not eligible.

    4. The subject developed any concurrent illness or condition during the conduct of the previous study, including but not restricted to: sleep apnea, chronic renal insufficiency, anemia, uncontrolled systemic hypertension, or left sided heart disease, unless their physician felt that entry into this study would not be detrimental to their overall health.

    Contacts and Locations

    Locations

    Site City State Country Postal Code
    1 The Kirklin Clinic Birmingham Alabama United States 35233
    2 Arizona Pulmonary Specialists, Ltd. Phoenix Arizona United States 85013
    3 Mayo Clinic Phoenix Phoenix Arizona United States 85054
    4 St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center Phoenix Arizona United States
    5 University Medical Center Tucson Arizona United States 85724
    6 University of Arizona Clinical and Translational Science (CATS) Research Center Tucson Arizona United States 85724
    7 University of California, San Francisco-Fresno Fresno California United States 93701
    8 West Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center Los Angeles California United States 90073
    9 David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California United States 90095
    10 UC Davis Medical Center Sacramento California United States 95817
    11 UCSD Medical Center San Diego California United States 30322
    12 University of California San Francisco Medical Center San Francisco California United States 94118
    13 Stanford University, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Stanford California United States 94305-5351
    14 Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Torrance California United States 90502
    15 The Children's Hospital Aurora Colorado United States 80045
    16 University of Colorado Health Science Center Aurora Colorado United States 80045
    17 University of Florida College of Medicine Jacksonville Jacksonville Florida United States 32209
    18 Cleveland Clinic Florida Weston Florida United States 33331
    19 The Emory Clinic Atlanta Georgia United States 30322
    20 The University of Chicago Hospitals Chicago Illinois United States 60637
    21 University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City Iowa United States 52242
    22 University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City Kansas United States 66160
    23 Kentuckiana Pulmonary Associates Louisville Kentucky United States 40202
    24 Alexandria Cardiology Clinic Alexandria Louisiana United States 71301
    25 Maine Medical Center Portland Maine United States 04102
    26 University of Maryland Medical Center Baltimore Maryland United States 21201
    27 Johns Hopkins Outpatient Center Baltimore Maryland United States 21287
    28 Tufts Medical Center Boston Massachusetts United States 02111
    29 Brigham and Woman's Hospital Boston Massachusetts United States 02114
    30 University of Michigan Health System Ann Arbor Michigan United States 48103
    31 University of Minnesota Medical Center, Fairview Minneapolis Minnesota United States 55455
    32 Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota United States 55902
    33 Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri United States 63110-1093
    34 University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska United States 68198-5300
    35 Newark Beth Israel Medical Center Newark New Jersey United States 07112
    36 Winthrop University Hospital Mineola New York United States 11501
    37 Columbia University Medical Center New York New York United States 10032
    38 Mary Parkes Center Rochester New York United States 14643
    39 University of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina United States 27599
    40 Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina United States 27710
    41 The Carl and Ethyl Linder Center for Research and Education at the Christ Church Cincinnati Ohio United States 45219
    42 University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio United States 45267-0564
    43 University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland Ohio United States 44106
    44 Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio United States 44195
    45 Ohio State University Columbus Ohio United States 43210
    46 The University of Toledo Medical Center Toledo Ohio United States 43614
    47 Legacy Pulmonary Clinic Portland Oregon United States 97210
    48 Oregon Health and Sciences University Portland Oregon United States 97239
    49 Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania United States 19104
    50 Allegheny General Hospital Pittsburgh Pennsylvania United States 15212
    51 UPMC Presbyterian Hospital Pittsburgh Pennsylvania United States 15213
    52 Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina United States 29425
    53 Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee United States 37232-2650
    54 UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas United States 75390
    55 Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas United States 77030
    56 University of Texas Medical School Houston Texas United States 77030
    57 The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas United States 78229
    58 Intermountain Medical Center Murray Utah United States 84157-7000
    59 Inova Fairfax Hospital Falls Church Virginia United States 22042
    60 University of Washington Medical Center Seattle Washington United States 98195
    61 Aurora Cardiovascular Services Milwaukee Wisconsin United States 53215
    62 The Prince Charles Hospital Chermside West Australia 4032
    63 Heart/Lung Transplant Unit - St. Vincent's Hospital Darlinghurst Australia 2010
    64 The Alfred Hospital Melbourne Australia 3004
    65 Royal Perth Hospital Perth Australia
    66 Medical University Graz Wein Austria
    67 Medizininische Universitaet Wien Wien Austria
    68 Universitaetsklinik für Innere Medizin Innsbruck Wien Austria
    69 Department of Cardiology Erasme University Hospital Brussels Belgium
    70 University Hospital Gasthuisberg Leuven Belgium
    71 Peter Lougheed Centre Calgary Alberta Canada T1Y 6J4
    72 University of Alberta Hospital Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2B7
    73 Vancouver Coastal Health Authority Vancouver General Hospital Vancouver British Columbia Canada V5Z 1M9
    74 Toronto General Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada M5G 2N2
    75 London Health Sciences Center Victoria Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada N6A 4G5
    76 Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital Montréal Quebec Canada H3T 1E2
    77 Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Cadres Respiratory Department Beijing China
    78 Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Respiratory Medicine Department Beijing China
    79 Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Respiratory Medicine Department Shanghai China
    80 Service Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Haut Levêque Pessac Pessac Cedex France 33604
    81 PMAC, Clinique de Pneumologie Bernin France
    82 Centre d'Investigation Clinique Hôpital La Cavale Blanche - CHU Brest Brest France
    83 Hospital Antoine Beclere Clamart France
    84 Hospital Claude Huriez Lille Cedex France
    85 Hôpital Louis Pradel Lyon France
    86 CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve - Service maladies respiratoires Montpellier cedex 5 France 34295
    87 Service de Pneumologie Centre de Competence pour l'HTAP- Pole des Voies Respiratoires Hôpital Larrey Toulouse France
    88 Universitätsklinikum Dresden Abtl. Pneumologie Dresden Germany 01307
    89 University Hospital Greifswald Greifswald Germany 17475
    90 DRK Kliniken Berlin Köpenick Hamburg Germany
    91 Universitatsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
    92 Universitätsklinkium Köln Klinik III für Innere Medizin Hamburg Germany
    93 Zentrum für Lungenhochdruck Thoraxklinik am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Hamburg Germany
    94 Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH) Hannover Germany
    95 Dept. of Internal Medicine III University Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany 69120
    96 Care Institute of Medical Sciences Ahmedabad Gujarat India 380054
    97 Narayana Hrudayalaya Hospitals Bangalore Karnataka India 560034
    98 Asian Heart Institute & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai Maharashtra India 400012
    99 Poona Hospital and Research Centre Pune Maharashtra India 411030
    100 Life Care Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Ahmedabad India 380054
    101 Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute Chennai India
    102 G. Kuppuswamy Naidu Memorial Hospital Coimbatore India
    103 PRIME Hospitals Hyderabad India 500038
    104 Sir Ganga Ram Hospital New Delhi India 110060
    105 Ruby Hall Clinic Pune India
    106 Queen's NRI Hospital Visakhapatnam India
    107 Pulmonary Hypertension Unit Centre for Lung Health Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Dublin Ireland
    108 Rambam Medical Center Haifa Israel 31096
    109 The Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center Haifa Israel
    110 Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel
    111 Pulmonary Institute Rabin Medical Center (Belinson Kampus) Petah Tiqva Israel
    112 Pulmonary Institute Chaim Sheba Medical Center Ramat Gan Israel
    113 Policlinico S. Orsola Malpighi - Università degli studi di Bologna Bologna Italy
    114 Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Monaldi - Cotugno-CTO Cardiologia S.U.N. Naples Italy
    115 Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Monaldi - Cotugno-CTO Cardiologia S.U.N. Napoli Italy
    116 Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiovascolari, Respiratorie e Morfologiche Rome Italy
    117 Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Mexico City Mexico 14080
    118 Hospital Universitario de la UANL Monterrey Mexico 64460
    119 Unidad de Investigacion Clinica en Medicina S.C. Monterrey Mexico 64718
    120 Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center Amsterdam Netherlands
    121 VU Medish Centrum Amsterdam Netherlands
    122 Klinika Chorób Serca i Naczyń, Krakowski Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Jana Pawla II Kraków Poland 31-202
    123 Europejskie Centrum Zdrowia Otwock Warsaw Poland
    124 Oddzial Kardiologiczny Wroclaw Poland 51-124
    125 Servico de Cardiologia Hospital de Santa Marta Lisbon Portugal
    126 Auxilio Mutuo Hospital CardioPulmonary Research Center Guaynabo Puerto Rico 00968
    127 Hospital Clínic I Provincial Barcelona Spain
    128 Hospital Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Spain
    129 Hospital 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
    130 Skane University Hospital Lund Sweden SE 22185
    131 Papworth Hospital Cambridge United Kingdom
    132 Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Glasgow United Kingdom
    133 Royal Free Hospital London United Kingdom
    134 Freeman Hospital Newcastle United Kingdom
    135 Royal Hallamshire Hospital Sheffield United Kingdom S10 2JF

    Sponsors and Collaborators

    • United Therapeutics

    Investigators

    None specified.

    Study Documents (Full-Text)

    More Information

    Publications

    None provided.
    Responsible Party:
    United Therapeutics
    ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
    NCT01027949
    Other Study ID Numbers:
    • TDE-PH-304
    First Posted:
    Dec 9, 2009
    Last Update Posted:
    May 10, 2021
    Last Verified:
    Apr 1, 2021
    Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
    No
    Plan to Share IPD:
    No
    Additional relevant MeSH terms:

    Study Results

    Participant Flow

    Recruitment Details Baseline values for demographic parameters were defined and collected in the same manner for subjects who received either placebo or oral treprostinil in the preceding studies. Note that Studies TDE-PH-202 (NCT01104870), TDE-PH-203 (NCT01477333), and TDE-PH-205 (NCT01588405) had an open-label design; therefore, all Baseline demographic parameters were based on values collected at the time of enrollment in the previous study.
    Pre-assignment Detail Subjects eligible for TDE-PH-304 previously participated in Studies TDE-PH-202 (NCT01104870), TDE-PH-203 (NCT01477333), and TDE-PH-205 (NCT01588405), TDE-PH-301 (NCT00325442), TDE-PH-302 (NCT00325403), or TDE PH-308 (NCT00887978).
    Arm/Group Title Oral Treprostinil
    Arm/Group Description Subjects eligible for TDE-PH-304 previously participated in Studies TDE-PH-202 (NCT01104870), TDE-PH-203 (NCT01477333), and TDE-PH-205 (NCT01588405), TDE-PH-301 (NCT00325442), TDE-PH-302 (NCT00325403), or TDE PH-308 (NCT00887978)
    Period Title: Overall Study
    STARTED 894
    COMPLETED 208
    NOT COMPLETED 686

    Baseline Characteristics

    Arm/Group Title Oral Treprostinil
    Arm/Group Description Subjects eligible for TDE-PH-304 previously participated in Studies TDE PH-202, TDE-PH-203, TDE-PH-205, TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, or TDE PH-308.
    Overall Participants 894
    Age (years) [Mean (Full Range) ]
    Mean (Full Range) [years]
    47.7
    Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
    Female
    696
    77.9%
    Male
    198
    22.1%
    Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
    Hispanic or Latino
    83
    9.3%
    Not Hispanic or Latino
    809
    90.5%
    Unknown or Not Reported
    2
    0.2%
    Race (NIH/OMB) (Count of Participants)
    American Indian or Alaska Native
    34
    3.8%
    Asian
    219
    24.5%
    Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    2
    0.2%
    Black or African American
    46
    5.1%
    White
    589
    65.9%
    More than one race
    0
    0%
    Unknown or Not Reported
    4
    0.4%
    Region of Enrollment (participants) [Number]
    Puerto Rico
    1
    0.1%
    United States
    436
    48.8%
    United Kingdom
    27
    3%
    Portugal
    1
    0.1%
    India
    79
    8.8%
    Spain
    6
    0.7%
    Canada
    19
    2.1%
    Austria
    7
    0.8%
    Netherlands
    15
    1.7%
    Sweden
    2
    0.2%
    Belgium
    6
    0.7%
    Ireland
    2
    0.2%
    Poland
    16
    1.8%
    Italy
    13
    1.5%
    Mexico
    38
    4.3%
    Israel
    22
    2.5%
    Australia
    44
    4.9%
    France
    22
    2.5%
    Germany
    14
    1.6%
    China
    124
    13.9%
    PAH Etiology (Count of Participants)
    Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/ Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
    608
    68%
    Collagen Vascular Disease
    224
    25.1%
    Other
    60
    6.7%
    Missing
    2
    0.2%
    World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Class (Count of Participants)
    I
    18
    2%
    II
    298
    33.3%
    III
    527
    58.9%
    IV
    11
    1.2%
    Missing
    40
    4.5%

    Outcome Measures

    1. Primary Outcome
    Title Change in Exercise Capacity at Month 12
    Description Assess the effect of continued therapy with oral treprostinil on exercise capacity as assessed by the change from Baseline in 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) after 1 year of treatment. The 6MWT is the clinical standard for assessing subject functional status in the treatment of PAH and has been considered an objective measure of subject functional status by the American Thoracic Society. The distance a subject can walk in 6 minutes is recorded in meters.
    Time Frame From First Visit (Visit 1) to Month 12

    Outcome Measure Data

    Analysis Population Description
    All subjects enrolled in the study with Baseline and matched follow-up 6MWTs.
    Arm/Group Title Oral Treprostinil
    Arm/Group Description Subjects eligible for TDE-PH-304 previously participated in Studies TDE PH-202, TDE-PH-203, TDE-PH-205, TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, or TDE PH-308.
    Measure Participants 572
    Median (Full Range) [meters]
    22.0

    Adverse Events

    Time Frame From the time of subject enrollment until exit from the study (up to 13 years).
    Adverse Event Reporting Description
    Arm/Group Title Oral Treprostinil
    Arm/Group Description Subjects eligible for TDE-PH-304 previously participated in Studies TDE PH-202, TDE-PH-203, TDE-PH-205, TDE-PH-301, TDE-PH-302, or TDE PH-308.
    All Cause Mortality
    Oral Treprostinil
    Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
    Total 174/894 (19.5%)
    Serious Adverse Events
    Oral Treprostinil
    Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
    Total 547/894 (61.2%)
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia 28/894 (3.1%) 32
    Iron deficiency anaemia 6/894 (0.7%) 6
    Pancytopenia 5/894 (0.6%) 5
    Coagulopathy 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Thrombocytopenia 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Anaemia macrocytic 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Antiphospholipid syndrome 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Disseminated intravascular coagulation 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Febrile neutropenia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Haemolytic anaemia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hypersplenism 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Lymphadenopathy 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Normocytic anaemia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Evans syndrome 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cardiac disorders
    Right ventricular failure 129/894 (14.4%) 188
    Cardiac failure 36/894 (4%) 43
    Cardiac failure congestive 19/894 (2.1%) 26
    Atrial fibrillation 15/894 (1.7%) 18
    Atrial flutter 14/894 (1.6%) 14
    Cardiogenic shock 9/894 (1%) 10
    Supraventricular tachycardia 9/894 (1%) 13
    Cardiac arrest 7/894 (0.8%) 7
    Pericardial effusion 6/894 (0.7%) 7
    Palpitations 5/894 (0.6%) 5
    Cardio-respiratory arrest 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Ventricular extrasystoles 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Atrial tachycardia 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Coronary artery disease 3/894 (0.3%) 4
    Acute myocardial infarction 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Arrhythmia 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Bradycardia 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Cardiac tamponade 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Cor pulmonale 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Tachycardia 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Ventricular tachycardia 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Left ventricular dysfunction 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Arrhythmia supraventricular 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cardiac failure acute 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cardiac failure chronic 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cardiac failure high output 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cardiomegaly 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hypertensive heart disease 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Left ventricular failure 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Myocardial infarction 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pericardial haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pericarditis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pulseless electrical activity 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Right ventricular dysfunction 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cardiac disorder 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Congenital, familial and genetic disorders
    Heart disease congenital 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hamartoma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Vertigo 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Endocrine disorders
    Hyperthyroidism 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Hypopituitarism 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Eye disorders
    Visual impairment 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Ocular discomfort 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea 13/894 (1.5%) 15
    Gastrointestinal haemorrhage 12/894 (1.3%) 16
    Nausea 11/894 (1.2%) 11
    Gastritis 10/894 (1.1%) 11
    Gastroenteritis 10/894 (1.1%) 10
    Vomiting 10/894 (1.1%) 10
    Ascites 8/894 (0.9%) 9
    Abdominal pain 6/894 (0.7%) 6
    Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage 6/894 (0.7%) 6
    Dysphagia 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Large intestine polyp 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Abdominal pain upper 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Melaena 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Rectal haemorrhage 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Haematemesis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Intestinal obstruction 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Oesophagitis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Pancreatitis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Rectal ulcer 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Abdominal distension 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Colitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Diarrhoea haemorrhagic 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Duodenal ulcer haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Duodenitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Enteritis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Enterocolitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Food poisoning 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Gastric ulcer 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Gastric ulcer haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Gastritis erosive 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Gastrointestinal disorder 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Haemorrhoids 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hiatus hernia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Ileus 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Impaired gastric emptying 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Inguinal hernia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Mallory-Weiss syndrome 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Mouth haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Oesophageal haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pancreatitis acute 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Peptic ulcer 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Rectal ulcer haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Small intestinal obstruction 1/894 (0.1%) 2
    Lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Acquired oesophageal web 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Intra-abdominal haematoma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Retroperitoneal haematoma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Intra-abdominal haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Eosinophilic oesophagitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    General disorders
    Chest pain 28/894 (3.1%) 33
    Sudden death 15/894 (1.7%) 15
    Sudden cardiac death 10/894 (1.1%) 10
    Death 7/894 (0.8%) 7
    Pyrexia 6/894 (0.7%) 6
    Oedema peripheral 5/894 (0.6%) 6
    Non-cardiac chest pain 5/894 (0.6%) 6
    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Asthenia 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Fatigue 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Generalised oedema 3/894 (0.3%) 4
    Chest discomfort 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    General physical health deterioration 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Impaired healing 1/894 (0.1%) 2
    Mass 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Oedema 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Catheter site inflammation 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Cholecystitis 5/894 (0.6%) 5
    Portal hypertension 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Drug-induced liver injury 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Cholelithiasis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Bile duct stone 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cholecystitis acute 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hepatic function abnormal 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hepatitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hydrocholecystis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cryptogenic cirrhosis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Immune system disorders
    Hypersensitivity 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Infections and infestations
    Pneumonia 63/894 (7%) 76
    Bronchitis 11/894 (1.2%) 13
    Lower respiratory tract infection 11/894 (1.2%) 12
    Sepsis 10/894 (1.1%) 11
    Cellulitis 8/894 (0.9%) 9
    Upper respiratory tract infection 8/894 (0.9%) 8
    Urinary tract infection 7/894 (0.8%) 7
    Respiratory tract infection 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Viral infection 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Urosepsis 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Clostridium difficile infection 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Appendicitis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Clostridium difficile colitis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Diverticulitis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Herpes zoster 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Osteomyelitis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Pyelonephritis 2/894 (0.2%) 3
    Septic shock 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Typhoid fever 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Staphylococcal sepsis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Pneumonia bacterial 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Bacteraemia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Bronchiolitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Campylobacter gastroenteritis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Chronic sinusitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cytomegalovirus infection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Dengue fever 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Escherichia sepsis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Gastroenteritis viral 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Gastrointestinal infection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Infected skin ulcer 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Influenza 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Meningitis bacterial 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pneumonia cytomegaloviral 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pneumonia klebsiella 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pneumonia legionella 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pneumonia pseudomonal 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pneumonia streptococcal 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pulmonary tuberculosis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Sialoadenitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Sinusitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Tracheobronchitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Viral upper respiratory tract infection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Urinary tract infection fungal 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Streptococcal bacteraemia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Sepsis syndrome 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Central line infection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Staphylococcal infection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Bacterial infection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Parainfluenzae virus infection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cholecystitis infective 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Lower respiratory tract infection viral 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Metapneumovirus infection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pseudomonas bronchitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Post procedural infection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Infective exacerbation of bronchiectasis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Subdural haematoma 6/894 (0.7%) 6
    Fall 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Post procedural haemorrhage 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Accidental overdose 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Tibia fracture 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Upper limb fracture 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Toxicity to various agents 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Ankle fracture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Corneal abrasion 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Facial bones fracture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Femur fracture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Fibula fracture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Gun shot wound 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hip fracture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Incisional hernia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Intentional overdose 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Jaw fracture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Overdose 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Rib fracture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Road traffic accident 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Spinal fracture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Vascular pseudoaneurysm 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Incision site haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Post procedural bile leak 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Skin laceration 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pelvic fracture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Chemical peritonitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Post procedural fever 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Investigations
    International normalised ratio increased 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Hepatic enzyme increased 3/894 (0.3%) 4
    Blood glucose decreased 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Blood sodium decreased 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Chest X-ray abnormal 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    International normalised ratio abnormal 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Weight decreased 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Paracentesis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Fluid overload 21/894 (2.3%) 27
    Hypokalaemia 12/894 (1.3%) 13
    Dehydration 9/894 (1%) 13
    Hypoglycaemia 5/894 (0.6%) 5
    Fluid retention 4/894 (0.4%) 6
    Hyponatraemia 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Gout 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Hypercalcaemia 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Hyperglycaemia 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Metabolic acidosis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Cachexia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Diabetes mellitus 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Electrolyte imbalance 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hyperkalaemia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hypocalcaemia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hypovolaemia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Decreased appetite 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain 6/894 (0.7%) 8
    Pain in extremity 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Systemic lupus erythematosus 4/894 (0.4%) 5
    Musculoskeletal pain 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Costochondritis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Haemarthrosis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Osteoarthritis 2/894 (0.2%) 3
    Bone pain 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Flank pain 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Fracture malunion 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Myalgia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Myositis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Neck pain 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Osteoporosis 1/894 (0.1%) 2
    Rheumatoid arthritis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Rotator cuff syndrome 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Scleroderma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Synovial cyst 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Lung adenocarcinoma 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Colon cancer 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Lung neoplasm malignant 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Hepatic cancer 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Adenocarcinoma of colon 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Angiosarcoma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Bladder transitional cell carcinoma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Borderline ovarian tumour 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Breast cancer 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Breast mass 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Breast neoplasm 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Bronchial carcinoma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Carotid body tumour 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Lung adenocarcinoma stage IV 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Lung carcinoma cell type unspecified stage IV 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Malignant neoplasm of renal pelvis 1/894 (0.1%) 2
    Malignant neoplasm of spinal cord 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Metastases to bone 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Metastases to lung 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Myelodysplastic syndrome 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Neoplasm malignant 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Papillary thyroid cancer 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Rectal cancer 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Renal cancer 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Small cell lung cancer limited stage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Colon cancer metastatic 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Brain neoplasm 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Metastatic neoplasm 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Polyp 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Non-small cell lung cancer 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Metastasis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Renal cell carcinoma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Brenner tumour 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Nervous system disorders
    Syncope 30/894 (3.4%) 33
    Headache 7/894 (0.8%) 7
    Dizziness 5/894 (0.6%) 5
    Presyncope 5/894 (0.6%) 5
    Cerebrovascular accident 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Seizure 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Altered state of consciousness 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cerebral haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Coma hepatic 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Depressed level of consciousness 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Dysarthria 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Encephalopathy 1/894 (0.1%) 2
    Epilepsy 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Facial paralysis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hepatic encephalopathy 1/894 (0.1%) 6
    Transient ischaemic attack 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Ischaemic stroke 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Intensive care unit acquired weakness 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions
    Ectopic pregnancy 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Mental status changes 5/894 (0.6%) 5
    Suicidal ideation 2/894 (0.2%) 4
    Anxiety 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Completed suicide 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Confusional state 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Depression 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Post-traumatic stress disorder 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury 37/894 (4.1%) 48
    Renal failure 6/894 (0.7%) 7
    Haematuria 3/894 (0.3%) 5
    Lupus nephritis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Chronic kidney disease 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Hydronephrosis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Oliguria 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Renal failure acute 1/894 (0.1%) 2
    Renal mass 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Renal impairment 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Ovarian cyst 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Ovarian cyst ruptured 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Ovarian rupture 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Vaginal haemorrhage 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Adnexa uteri mass 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Haemorrhagic ovarian cyst 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Pulmonary Hypertension 129/894 (14.4%) 147
    Dyspnoea 41/894 (4.6%) 51
    Respiratory failure 15/894 (1.7%) 17
    Hypoxia 13/894 (1.5%) 14
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 11/894 (1.2%) 17
    Haemoptysis 10/894 (1.1%) 10
    Asthma 6/894 (0.7%) 12
    Pulmonary embolism 5/894 (0.6%) 5
    Acute respiratory failure 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Pulmonary haemorrhage 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Disease progression 4/894 (0.4%) 4
    Epistaxis 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Pleural effusion 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Respiratory distress 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Pulmonary arterial hypertension 3/894 (0.3%) 3
    Lung infiltration 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Pneumonia aspiration 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Pulmonary fibrosis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Pulmonary oedema 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Respiratory arrest 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Acute pulmonary oedema 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Acute respiratory distress syndrome 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Aspiration 1/894 (0.1%) 2
    Chronic respiratory failure 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cough 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cyanosis central 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Eosinophilic pneumonia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Haemothorax 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Interstitial lung disease 1/894 (0.1%) 2
    Lung consolidation 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Nasal congestion 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Nasal turbinate hypertrophy 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Orthopnoea 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pleurisy 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pleuritic pain 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pneumonitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pneumothorax 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pulmonary artery aneurysm 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Sleep apnoea syndrome 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Pulmonary mass 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Mediastinal disorder 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Skin ulcer 2/894 (0.2%) 3
    Angioedema 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Psoriasis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Stasis dermatitis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Abortion induced 6/894 (0.7%) 7
    Palliative care 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Cardiac ablation 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Balloon atrial septostomy 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Vascular disorders
    Hypotension 23/894 (2.6%) 26
    Deep vein thrombosis 6/894 (0.7%) 6
    Flushing 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Shock 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Thrombosis 2/894 (0.2%) 2
    Aortic dissection 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Blood pressure fluctuation 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Circulatory collapse 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Haematoma 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Hypertensive crisis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Orthostatic hypotension 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Peripheral ischaemia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Raynaud's phenomenon 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Angiodysplasia 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Aortic arteriosclerosis 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Vascular compression 1/894 (0.1%) 1
    Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
    Oral Treprostinil
    Affected / at Risk (%) # Events
    Total 890/894 (99.6%)
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia 84/894 (9.4%) 112
    Cardiac disorders
    Dizziness 248/894 (27.7%) 320
    Palpitations 145/894 (16.2%) 175
    Right ventricular failure 136/894 (15.2%) 202
    Cardiac failure 42/894 (4.7%) 54
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea 592/894 (66.2%) 808
    Nausea 505/894 (56.5%) 673
    Vomiting 349/894 (39%) 485
    Abdominal pain 121/894 (13.5%) 144
    Abdominal pain upper 97/894 (10.9%) 111
    Abdominal distension 92/894 (10.3%) 102
    Dyspepsia 92/894 (10.3%) 95
    Constipation 65/894 (7.3%) 74
    Gastrooesophageal reflux disease 46/894 (5.1%) 48
    Abdominal discomfort 45/894 (5%) 48
    General disorders
    Fatigue 201/894 (22.5%) 228
    Oedema peripheral 192/894 (21.5%) 240
    Chest pain 135/894 (15.1%) 180
    Pain 97/894 (10.9%) 102
    Pyrexia 83/894 (9.3%) 100
    Chest discomfort 57/894 (6.4%) 70
    Asthenia 51/894 (5.7%) 64
    Oedema 43/894 (4.8%) 44
    Infections and infestations
    Upper respiratory tract infection 222/894 (24.8%) 334
    Nasopharyngitis 185/894 (20.7%) 316
    Bronchitis 103/894 (11.5%) 153
    Pneumonia 94/894 (10.5%) 118
    Urinary tract infection 89/894 (10%) 115
    Sinusitis 80/894 (8.9%) 108
    Influenza 54/894 (6%) 64
    Investigations
    Weight decreased 47/894 (5.3%) 49
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite 129/894 (14.4%) 142
    Hypokalaemia 94/894 (10.5%) 119
    Fluid overload 44/894 (4.9%) 58
    Fluid retention 43/894 (4.8%) 54
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Pain in jaw 313/894 (35%) 360
    Pain in extremity 255/894 (28.5%) 337
    Arthralgia 140/894 (15.7%) 163
    Myalgia 123/894 (13.8%) 143
    Back pain 105/894 (11.7%) 127
    Muscle spasms 64/894 (7.2%) 71
    Musculoskeletal pain 42/894 (4.7%) 44
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache 698/894 (78.1%) 994
    Syncope 101/894 (11.3%) 141
    Presyncope 51/894 (5.7%) 55
    Psychiatric disorders
    Insomnia 95/894 (10.6%) 98
    Anxiety 57/894 (6.4%) 60
    Depression 56/894 (6.3%) 59
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury 52/894 (5.8%) 69
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dyspnoea 207/894 (23.2%) 294
    Pulmonary hypertension 190/894 (21.3%) 215
    Cough 159/894 (17.8%) 202
    Nasal congestion 98/894 (11%) 103
    Epistais 77/894 (8.6%) 88
    Haemoptysis 45/894 (5%) 57
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Rash 79/894 (8.8%) 87
    Pruritus 43/894 (4.8%) 50
    Vascular disorders
    Flushing 416/894 (46.5%) 499
    Hypotension 79/894 (8.8%) 91

    Limitations/Caveats

    [Not Specified]

    More Information

    Certain Agreements

    Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

    Institution and/or Principal Investigator agree not to publish or publicly present any results of the Study without the prior written consent of Sponsor, not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed. Institution and/or Principal Investigator further agree to provide Sponsor with drafts of any such publication or presentation for review and approval no less than 30 days prior to submission for publication or the date of public presentation.

    Results Point of Contact

    Name/Title Louis Holdstock, PhD
    Organization United Therapeutics
    Phone 919-425-8866
    Email lholdstock@unither.com
    Responsible Party:
    United Therapeutics
    ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
    NCT01027949
    Other Study ID Numbers:
    • TDE-PH-304
    First Posted:
    Dec 9, 2009
    Last Update Posted:
    May 10, 2021
    Last Verified:
    Apr 1, 2021