REACH: Real World Study About Anti-viral Regimen Adjustment on Achieving Complete Response in CHB Patients
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
In the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), viral suppression is closely related to disease progression, and the lower the viral load, the lower the risk of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, a considerable number of patients in China are still using non-first-line antiviral therapy, such as adefovir dipivoxil, lamivudine, and telbivudine (ADV/LAM/LdT). About 25% of patients who received entecavir(ETV) treatment for more than half a year and confirmed that their DNA had turned negative by non-high-precision detection methods still had low viremia (LLV,DNA>20 IU/ml,IU=international unit), and LLV patients were twice as likely to develop HCC as patients with complete viral response.Patients who have received ETV or second-line NA(LAM/ADV/LdT) treatment for more than half a year to 1 year and confirmed HBV-DNA>10IU/ml by high-precision detection method are recommended to adjust the treatment plan in order to reduce the DNA load below 10IU/ml as soon as possible. It is up to the doctor, in consultation with the patient, to decide whether or not to make the adjustment.
Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
---|---|---|
|
Detailed Description
In our hospital, about 150 patients are screened for HBV-DNA every day. Therefore, 54 million patients will be tested for HBV-DNA within one year, of which 30% are estimated to be HBV-DNA ≥10 IU. These patients will be informed to the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University for follow-up, and will be randomly divided into three groups according to 1:1. Patients in all three groups will be educated about hepatitis B virus infection and antiviral treatment, and the treatment regimen will be adjusted according to whether their HBV DNA is ≥10 IU/ml or not. Patients in group 1: patients with persistant low level HBV DNA (<10 IU/ml). Patients in group 2: HBV-DNA≥10 IU/ml, receiving HBV-related education and being advised by the doctor to change or to add another NA. Patients in group 2: patients with persistant HBV DNA (>10 IU/ml) but refuse to change the regimen. Patients in group 3: patients with persistant HBV DNA (>10 IU/ml) and agree to change the regimen. Educational methods include videos, including an introduction to hepatitis B virus (disease profile, infection, outcome, HBV infection, vertical transmission and other risk factors) for 5 minutes, brochures with relevant information and consultations with physicians and nurses.
All patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) receiving ETV or second-line NA(LAM/ADV/LdT) treatment for more than six months to one year will receive HBV-DNA detection, and patients with HBV-DNA≥10 IU/ml will be informed and recommended to adjust the treatment regimen so that the actual prevalence of HBV-DNA load < 10 IU/ml in Chongqing HBV cohort could be obtained . The investigators estimated that 30% of the patients had HBV-DNA≥ 10 IU/ml, so there were about 16,200 patients had HBV-DNA≥ 10 IU/ml among 54,000 patients a year. These patients will be diagnosed with LLV and will undergo a treatment regimen adjustment, with a recommendation to switch to or use a different type of nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) for anti-viral treatment.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
---|---|
patients with persistant low level HBV DNA (<10 IU/ml) No further intervention(s) to be administered except for monitoring of HBV DNA viraemia |
Other: only monitoring
monitoring the viraemia only
|
patients with persistant HBV DNA (>10 IU/ml) but refuse to change the regimen All patients with CHB receiving ETV or second-line NA(LAM/ADV/LdT) treatment for more than six months to one year will receive HBV-DNA detection, and patients with HBV-DNA≥10 IU/ml will be informed and recommended to adjust the treatment regimen. If those patients refuse to change the regimen which they are using , No further intervention(s) to be administered except for monitoring of HBV DNA viraemia until those patients change their idea |
Other: monitoring and regimen change if necessary
if those patients agree, the regimen will be changed.
|
patients with persistant HBV DNA (>10 IU/ml) and agree to change the regimen All patients with CHB receiving ETV or second-line NA(LAM/ADV/LdT) treatment for more than six months to one year will receive HBV-DNA detection, and patients with HBV-DNA≥10 IU/ml will be informed and recommended to adjust the treatment regimen.They will change their regimen according one which they are using. |
Drug: regimen change
Based on ongoing one, regimen will be changed . The principle for adjusting anti-viral regimen is as follows: 1. The patients were treated with second-line drugs: changing ADV to ETV/TAF/TDF , changing LAM to TAF/TDF and changing LdT to TAF/TDF; 2. The patients were treated with ETV: adding or switching to TAF/TDF;3. TAF or ETV is recommended for patients with one or more TDF risk factors, such as > 40 years old, patients with abnormal bone/kidney related indicators or patients with high risk of bone/kidney injuries.【ADV=adefovir dipivoxil, LAM=lamivudine, and LdT=telbivudine , TAF =Tenofovir alafenamide Fumarate, ETV=Entecavir and TDF=Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 】
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- The proportion of patients who received a complete virologic response (HBV DNA<10IU/ml) at 24 weeks after therapy adjustment. [24 weeks]
The proportion of patients who received a complete virologic response (HBV DNA<10IU/ml) at 24 weeks after therapy adjustment.
Secondary Outcome Measures
- The proportion of patients with complete virologic response (HBV DNA<10IU/ml) at 12 weeks, 48 weeks and 96 weeks after therapy adjustment. [12 weeks, 48 weeks ,96 weeks]
The proportion of patients with complete virologic response (HBV DNA<10IU/ml) at 12 weeks, 48 weeks and 96 weeks after therapy adjustment.
- he proportion of patients with normal Alanine transaminase(ALT) at baseline and at each follow-up time point [baseline,12 weeks,48 weeks,96 weeks]
he proportion of patients with normal Alanine transaminase(ALT )at baseline and at each follow-up time point
- Changes of estimated glomerularfiltrationratee(GFR) compared with baseline at each follow-up time point. [baseline,12 weeks,48 weeks,96 weeks]
Changes of estimated glomerularfiltrationratee(GFR) compared with baseline at each follow-up time point.
- Changes of serum creatinine(SCr)compared with baseline at each follow-up time point. [baseline,12 weeks,48 weeks,96 weeks]
Changes of serum creatinine(SCr) compared with baseline at each follow-up time point.
- Changes of bone mass density(BMD) compared with baseline at each follow-up time point. [baseline,12 weeks,48 weeks,96 weeks]
Changes of bone mass density (BMD) compared with baseline at each follow-up time point.
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- any patients treated with ETV\LAM\ADF\LDT\TDF\TAF.【ADV=adefovir dipivoxil, LAM=lamivudine, and LdT=telbivudine , TAF =Tenofovir alafenamide Fumarate, ETV=Entecavir and TDF=Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 】
Exclusion Criteria:
- with a expected life span <48 weeks
Contacts and Locations
Locations
Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | The second affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University | Chongqing | Chongqing | China | 400010 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: DACHUAN CAI, PhD, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
Study Documents (Full-Text)
More Information
Publications
- Chen CJ, Yang HI, Su J, Jen CL, You SL, Lu SN, Huang GT, Iloeje UH; REVEAL-HBV Study Group. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma across a biological gradient of serum hepatitis B virus DNA level. JAMA. 2006 Jan 4;295(1):65-73.
- Chen J, Zhao SS, Liu XX, Huang ZB, Huang Y. Comparison of the Efficacy of Tenofovir Versus Tenofovir plus Entecavir in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B in Patients With Poor Efficacy of Entecavir: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Ther. 2017 Sep;39(9):1870-1880. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.07.015. Epub 2017 Aug 7. Review.
- Chen JD, Yang HI, Iloeje UH, You SL, Lu SN, Wang LY, Su J, Sun CA, Liaw YF, Chen CJ; Risk Evaluation of Viral Load Elevation and Associated Liver Disease/Cancer in HBV (REVEAL-HBV) Study Group. Carriers of inactive hepatitis B virus are still at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver-related death. Gastroenterology. 2010 May;138(5):1747-54. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.01.042. Epub 2010 Jan 28.
- Cui F, Shen L, Li L, Wang H, Wang F, Bi S, Liu J, Zhang G, Wang F, Zheng H, Sun X, Miao N, Yin Z, Feng Z, Liang X, Wang Y. Prevention of Chronic Hepatitis B after 3 Decades of Escalating Vaccination Policy, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 May;23(5):765-772. doi: 10.3201/eid2305.161477.
- Dandri M, Petersen J. Mechanism of Hepatitis B Virus Persistence in Hepatocytes and Its Carcinogenic Potential. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Jun 1;62 Suppl 4:S281-8. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw023. Review.
- European Association for the Study of the Liver. Electronic address: easloffice@easloffice.eu; European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol. 2017 Aug;67(2):370-398. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.03.021. Epub 2017 Apr 18.
- Jang JW, Choi JY, Kim YS, Yoo JJ, Woo HY, Choi SK, Jun CH, Lee CH, Sohn JH, Tak WY, Lee YR, Han KH. Effects of Virologic Response to Treatment on Short- and Long-term Outcomes of Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Decompensated Cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Dec;16(12):1954-1963.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.04.063. Epub 2018 May 9.
- Kim HJ, Cho YK, Jeon WK, Kim BI. Clinical characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B who developed genotypic resistance to entecavir: Real-life experience. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2017 Dec;23(4):323-330. doi: 10.3350/cmh.2017.0005. Epub 2017 Sep 5.
- Kim JH, Sinn DH, Kang W, Gwak GY, Paik YH, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Paik SW. Low-level viremia and the increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients receiving entecavir treatment. Hepatology. 2017 Aug;66(2):335-343. doi: 10.1002/hep.28916. Epub 2016 Dec 24.
- Kim TS, Sinn DH, Kang W, Gwak GY, Paik YH, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Paik SW. Hepatitis B virus DNA levels and overall survival in hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients with low-level viremia. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Nov;34(11):2028-2035. doi: 10.1111/jgh.14750. Epub 2019 Jul 28.
- Korean Association for the Study of the Liver. KASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of chronic hepatitis B. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2012 Jun;18(2):109-62. Epub 2012 Jun 26.
- Lim YS, Yoo BC, Byun KS, Kwon SY, Kim YJ, An J, Lee HC, Lee YS. Tenofovir monotherapy versus tenofovir and entecavir combination therapy in adefovir-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients with multiple drug failure: results of a randomised trial. Gut. 2016 Jun;65(6):1042-51. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308435. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
- Liu C, Wang L, Xie H, Zhang L, Wang B, Luo C, Wang S, Tang M, Fu Z, Ruan H, Liu Z, Wei L, Yi W, Xie Y. The relationship between serum hepatitis B virus DNA level and liver histology in patients with chronic HBV infection. PLoS One. 2018 Nov 7;13(11):e0206060. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206060. eCollection 2018.
- Liu J, Liang W, Jing W, Liu M. Countdown to 2030: eliminating hepatitis B disease, China. Bull World Health Organ. 2019 Mar 1;97(3):230-238. doi: 10.2471/BLT.18.219469. Epub 2019 Jan 28.
- Lu L, Yip B, Trinh H, Pan CQ, Han SH, Wong CC, Li J, Chan S, Krishnan G, Wong CC, Nguyen MH. Tenofovir-based alternate therapies for chronic hepatitis B patients with partial virological response to entecavir. J Viral Hepat. 2015 Aug;22(8):675-81. doi: 10.1111/jvh.12368. Epub 2014 Nov 24.
- Nam JY, Chang Y, Cho H, Kang SH, Cho YY, Cho EJ, Lee JH, Yu SJ, Yoon JH, Kim YJ. Delayed viral suppression during antiviral therapy is associated with increased hepatocellular carcinoma rates in HBeAg-positive high viral load chronic hepatitis B. J Viral Hepat. 2018 May;25(5):552-560. doi: 10.1111/jvh.12838. Epub 2018 Mar 14.
- Ogawa E, Nomura H, Nakamuta M, Furusyo N, Koyanagi T, Dohmen K, Ooho A, Satoh T, Kawano A, Kajiwara E, Takahashi K, Azuma K, Kato M, Shimoda S, Hayashi J; Kyushu University Liver Disease Study (KULDS) Group. Tenofovir alafenamide after switching from entecavir or nucleos(t)ide combination therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B. Liver Int. 2020 Jul;40(7):1578-1589. doi: 10.1111/liv.14482. Epub 2020 Apr 30.
- Papatheodoridis GV, Manolakopoulos S, Touloumi G, Vourli G, Raptopoulou-Gigi M, Vafiadis-Zoumbouli I, Vasiliadis T, Mimidis K, Gogos C, Ketikoglou I, Manesis EK; HEPNET. Greece Cohort Study Group. Virological suppression does not prevent the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients with cirrhosis receiving oral antiviral(s) starting with lamivudine monotherapy: results of the nationwide HEPNET. Greece cohort study. Gut. 2011 Aug;60(8):1109-16. doi: 10.1136/gut.2010.221846. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
- Sarin SK, Kumar M, Lau GK, Abbas Z, Chan HL, Chen CJ, Chen DS, Chen HL, Chen PJ, Chien RN, Dokmeci AK, Gane E, Hou JL, Jafri W, Jia J, Kim JH, Lai CL, Lee HC, Lim SG, Liu CJ, Locarnini S, Al Mahtab M, Mohamed R, Omata M, Park J, Piratvisuth T, Sharma BC, Sollano J, Wang FS, Wei L, Yuen MF, Zheng SS, Kao JH. Asian-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatitis B: a 2015 update. Hepatol Int. 2016 Jan;10(1):1-98. doi: 10.1007/s12072-015-9675-4. Epub 2015 Nov 13.
- Sinn DH, Lee J, Goo J, Kim K, Gwak GY, Paik YH, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Yoo BC, Paik SW. Hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic hepatitis B virus-infected compensated cirrhosis patients with low viral load. Hepatology. 2015 Sep;62(3):694-701. doi: 10.1002/hep.27889. Epub 2015 Jul 3.
- Sun Y, Wu X, Zhou J, Meng T, Wang B, Chen S, Liu H, Wang T, Zhao X, Wu S, Kong Y, Ou X, Wee A, Theise ND, Qiu C, Zhang W, Lu F, Jia J, You H. Persistent Low Level of Hepatitis B Virus Promotes Fibrosis Progression During Therapy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Oct;18(11):2582-2591.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.03.001. Epub 2020 Mar 6.
- Sun Y, Zhou J, Wang L, Wu X, Chen Y, Piao H, Lu L, Jiang W, Xu Y, Feng B, Nan Y, Xie W, Chen G, Zheng H, Li H, Ding H, Liu H, Lv F, Shao C, Wang T, Ou X, Wang B, Chen S, Wee A, Theise ND, You H, Jia J. New classification of liver biopsy assessment for fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients before and after treatment. Hepatology. 2017 May;65(5):1438-1450. doi: 10.1002/hep.29009. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
- Terrault NA, Lok ASF, McMahon BJ, Chang KM, Hwang JP, Jonas MM, Brown RS Jr, Bzowej NH, Wong JB. Update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B: AASLD 2018 hepatitis B guidance. Hepatology. 2018 Apr;67(4):1560-1599. doi: 10.1002/hep.29800.
- Wang J, Sheng Q, Ding Y, Chen R, Sun X, Chen X, Dou X, Lu F. HBV RNA virion-like particles produced under nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment are mainly replication-deficient. J Hepatol. 2018 Apr;68(4):847-849. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.10.030. Epub 2017 Nov 4.
- Wang YH, Liao J, Zhang DM, Wu DB, Tao YC, Wang ML, Chen EQ, Tang H. Tenofovir monotherapy versus tenofovir plus entecavir combination therapy in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis patients with partial virological response to entecavir. J Med Virol. 2020 Mar;92(3):302-308. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25608. Epub 2019 Oct 29.
- Wong GL, Wong VW, Chan HY, Tse PC, Wong J, Chim AM, Yiu KK, Chu SH, Chan HL. Undetectable HBV DNA at month 12 of entecavir treatment predicts maintained viral suppression and HBeAg-seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients at 3 years. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Jun;35(11):1326-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05098.x. Epub 2012 Apr 16.
- Yenilmez E, Çetinkaya RA, Tural E. Diagnostic Dilemma for Low Viremia with Significant Fibrosis; is Hepatitis B Virus DNA Threshold Level a Good Indicator for Predicting Liver Damage? Balkan Med J. 2018 Jul 24;35(4):326-332. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2017.0888. Epub 2018 May 4.
- Yim HJ, Kim IH, Suh SJ, Jung YK, Kim JH, Seo YS, Yeon JE, Kim CW, Kwon SY, Park SH, Lee MS, Um SH, Byun KS. Switching to tenofovir vs continuing entecavir for hepatitis B virus with partial virologic response to entecavir: a randomized controlled trial. J Viral Hepat. 2018 Nov;25(11):1321-1330. doi: 10.1111/jvh.12934. Epub 2018 Jun 6.
- Zhang W, Wang X, Wang Y, Zhao X, Duan W, Wang Q, Wu X, Kong Y, Ma H, You H, Ou X, Jia J. Effective viral suppression is necessary to reduce hepatocellular carcinoma development in cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B: Results of a 10-year follow up. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Nov;96(44):e8454. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008454.
- 2020LCYJ009