CEEG Changes After Tdcs and Dual-task Training
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
Stroke has been considered one of the main causes of long-term disability in the adult population. Technological advances in the neurological area have been observed in the last decades, which accentuates the interest in promoting non-invasive stimulation techniques, capable of modulating brain polarity, where among these techniques is the transcranial direct current stimulation - tDCS. Previous studies analyzed by systematic reviews suggest that the effects of tDCS may vary between individuals, where some stroke patients may not receive any additional benefit from the therapy. Thus, it is necessary to use a biomarker that can choose those that will possibly benefit from the electric current. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the dynamics of EEG microstates after tDCS and dual-task training in subjects after chronic stroke, as well as to assess how microstate parameters in stroke patients are altered by tDCS and dual-task training. at three different moments (Stimulation in M1 + dual-task training; Stimulation in M1 and DLPF + dual-task training; Sham stimulation) and to observe whether the microstates encode information that reflects the motor and/or cognitive capacity of these patients.
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
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N/A |
Detailed Description
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) has been considered one of the main causes of long-term disability in the adult population. Stroke usually causes deficits such as asymmetrical muscle weakness between limbs, impaired proprioceptive ability, sensory loss, vision problems, and spasticity. In post-stroke patients, it is believed that the interhemispheric balance may be altered as a result of brain injury, the theory of interhemispheric competition is widely used as a theoretical basis for the application of non-invasive neuromodulatory techniques. Technological advances in the neurological field have been seen in recent decades, which accentuates the interest in promoting non-invasive stimulation techniques, capable of modulating brain polarity, where among these techniques is transcranial direct current stimulation - tDCS. Previous studies analyzed by systematic reviews suggest that the effects of tDCS may vary between subjects, where some stroke patients may not receive any additional benefit from the therapy. Thus, it is necessary to use a biomarker that can choose those who will possibly benefit from the electric current. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the dynamics of EEG microstates after tDCS and dual-task training in subjects after chronic stroke, as well as to assess how microstate parameters in stroke patients are altered by tDCS and dual-task training at three different times (Stimulation in M1 + dual-task training; Stimulation in M1 and DLPF + dual-task training; Sham stimulation) and observe whether the microstates encode information that reflects the motor and/or cognitive capacity of these patients. For this, a clinical trial, sham-controlled, double-blind and randomized, of crossover type, involving patients with stroke in chronic stage will be carried out. Participants will be submitted to three sessions, each session consisting of a different condition, namely: first condition (anodic tDCS) participants will receive real current over the primary motor area (M1); second condition (dualsite tDCS) participants will receive real current over M1 and dorsolateral prefrontal area (DLPFC) and third condition (sham tDCS) participants will receive simulated stimulation. A 3-minute resting EEG will be collected from each participant, and they will be instructed not to actively engage in any cognitive or mental activity. In all stimulation sessions, evaluations will be carried out, the evaluated outcomes will be: change in EEG microstates, cognitive function and motor function. Statistical analyzes will be performed using SPSS software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences - SPSS Inc, Chicago IL, USA for Windows, Version 20.0) and MATLAB (9.2.0 (MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA) with a defined level of significance at p<0.05.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Experimental: m1 stimulation + dual task training participants will receive real current over the primary motor area (M1) |
Device: transcranial direct current stimulation
tDCS can regulate cortical excitability by influencing membrane polarity, where anodic current increases excitability and cathodic current reduces excitability. Therefore, in post-stroke patients when the anode is applied to the cerebral hemisphere ipsilesional to the lesion or the cathode to the contralesional hemisphere, the balance between the interhemispheres tends to be restored.
|
| Experimental: stimulation in M1 and DLPF + dual task training participants will receive real current over the M1 and over the dorsolateral prefrontal area (DLPFC) |
Device: transcranial direct current stimulation
tDCS can regulate cortical excitability by influencing membrane polarity, where anodic current increases excitability and cathodic current reduces excitability. Therefore, in post-stroke patients when the anode is applied to the cerebral hemisphere ipsilesional to the lesion or the cathode to the contralesional hemisphere, the balance between the interhemispheres tends to be restored.
|
| Sham Comparator: sham stimulation + dual task training Participants will receive simulated stimulation |
Device: transcranial direct current stimulation
tDCS can regulate cortical excitability by influencing membrane polarity, where anodic current increases excitability and cathodic current reduces excitability. Therefore, in post-stroke patients when the anode is applied to the cerebral hemisphere ipsilesional to the lesion or the cathode to the contralesional hemisphere, the balance between the interhemispheres tends to be restored.
|
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- Changes in EEG microstates in each stimulation condition [immediately after the sessions]
The analysis of the microstates will be performed using a dl developed by Professor Thomas Koenig implemented in the Brain Vision Analyzer software. The data will be submitted to the following processing: (1) determination of the determination of the global power (global field power, GFP); (2) clustering using k-means of topographic maps of GFP peaks; (3) determination of the optimal number of topographic maps using a predetermined criterion of the four "classical" maps (A, B, C and D); (4) application of the defined topographic maps to the EEG signal through spatial correlation; (5) classification of continuous EEG data according to the topographic map with which a particular stretch has the highest correlation.
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Cognitive function - trail test (TMT) A and B [immediately after the sessions]
TMT consists of connecting letters in the order they appear in the alphabet (A tracks); or letters to numbers, also following the sequence in which they appear in the alphabet, for example, 1-A-2-B and so on (B tracks), with the possibility of evaluating the cognitive components of planning, organization, attention, perseverance and memory.
- Cognitive function - clock drawing test [immediately after the sessions]
Currently, the RDT is widely used, it is simple to apply and quick to perform, which assesses several cognitive dimensions, such as memory, motor function, executive function and verbal comprehension. Regarding its score, the Shulman scale scores 5 points in total and a cut-off point equal to 3. The Mendez scale scores up to 20 points for the perfect design of the watch, with a cut-off point equal to 18 points.
- Cognitive function - verbal fluency test (VF). [immediately after the sessions]
The VF test assesses several domains such as working memory, language, organizational skills and sequencing. In this test, the patient is asked to speak the largest number of words (within each required category). In the VF test, responses are scored, but repetitions are not considered.
- motor function [immediately after the sessions]
The Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) test will be used
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Individuals diagnosed with stroke for more than 6 months;
Proven by means of magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography;
Individuals aged 18 and over;
Both sexes;
Patients with mild to moderate degree of injury severity (NIHHS < 17 points)
Exclusion Criteria:
- Individuals who are unable to communicate verbally;
Use of drugs that modulate the activity of the Central Nervous System;
Carriers of implanted metallic or electronic devices; cardiac pacemaker;
Habitual use of drugs or alcohol;
Report of history of epilepsy; gestation; people with traumatic brain injury or tumors.
Contacts and Locations
Locations
No locations specified.Sponsors and Collaborators
- Federal University of Paraíba
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Suellen Andrade, Dra, Federal University of Paraiba
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
None provided.- microstates_stroke